根据天然气重烃分析对比松辽盆地北部深层气

简要介绍了天然气生烃分析技术，首次总结了松辽盆地北部深层气重烃的基本化学组成，选择和利用深层气重经指标探讨了深层天然气母质类型及其成熟度，井对气源作了对比分析。     

内蒙古阴山北麓丘陵区生态农业模式建设的研究——以化德县七号乡小公勿素村为例

本文通过对内蒙古化德县七号乡小公勿素村几个生态模式系统结构、产业结构、系统功能及畜草平衡的分析，提出在内蒙古阴山北麓农牧交错带进行生态经济型农业建设的途径和农业可持续发展的系统结构与模式。     

新疆北部浅成低温热液型金矿床成矿地球化学特征初探

产于晚古生代火山岩中的浅成低温热液型金矿床是新疆北部近期发现的一个重要的金成矿类型。通过对本区部分浅成低温热液型金矿的容矿火山岩岩石化学成分、REE分布模式、硫同位素、氢同位素、氧同位素和锶同位素及流体包裹体成分的分析与对比．讨论了其基本成矿地球化学特征,并揭示了本区浅成低温热液型金矿床与我国东部地区某些产于中生代陆相火山岩中的同类型金矿床在成矿地球化学特征上存在的一些差异。     

河北省北部中雨后的强沙尘暴成因分析

本文利用常规观测资料和数值模拟的方法,对2002年4月6日发生在河北省北部中雨后紧接着出现的强沙尘暴天气过程进行了分析和诊断.结果表明:强冷空气爆发南下、致使斜压能量释放、地面气旋发展是有利于本次沙尘暴天气产生的大尺度背景;高空急流的高度迅速下降代表了动量下传,这是形成大风,产生沙尘暴的动力原因;在高空急流下方,日间湍流加强,湍流涡旋的下沉气流也是沙尘暴形成的动力因子,农谚称它是"刮地风",可见其机制作用;降水结束后,天气转晴,并出现6～7级西北风,在西北大风出现6个多小时的短时间内就能迅速使土表蒸发变干出现沙尘暴.     

松嫩平原的乌鳢资源

乌鳢是松嫩平原渔业湿地的经济鱼类之一。根据近年来的调查研究,本文论述了该区乌鳢的资源特征,分析了乌鳢在渔业资源中的作用和在湿地渔业开发中的地位,提出资源开发利用及其保护措施。     

Status of Cadmium Concentration in Soil and Vegetable Irrigated with City Effluent

Cadmium is a toxic and carcinogenic element[1].In the1950s and 1960s,cadmium intoxication was considered to bestrictly an occupational disease.It was not until recognition of thecontribution of cadmium exposure to the etiology of Itai-itai dis-ease.It is …     

唐古拉坳陷中-新生代高钾钙碱性火山岩及其成岩构造环境

藏北唐古拉坳陷中央隆起带与北部凹陷带海相体罗－白垩纪地层中，夹杂一套以高钾安山岩、高铝玄武岩为主体的高钾钙碱性火山岩系列。主要岩石类型有玄武岩、高铝玄武岩、高钾安山岩、英安岩、流纹岩及流纹质角砾凝灰岩。根据火山岩产出特征和全岩同位素年龄测定，将本区火山活动划分为中生代晚期和老第三纪两个旋回。这套火山岩系的REE、相容元素和不相容元素分布特点与造山带火山岩类似；在构造判别图解上，其投影点均落在造山带大山岩区域内。对火山岩特征分析表明，它们的形成与俯冲作用有关，显示出在俯冲造山带的构造背景下演变而来。     

Lead Content of Petrol and Diesel and its Assessment in an Urban Environment

Pakistan is one of the few countries in Asia thatcontinues to use only leaded-petrol as vehicular fuel. Theconcentration of Pb in its petrol reported in 1991 was thehighest (1.5 – 2.0 g Pb L^-1) of all produced by the various Asiancountries and far exceeded the WHOs guideline of 0.15 g Pb L^-1. We have undertaken a study to trace and quantify this toxicelement in the environs of Karachi, Pakistans major metropolis,having more than 30% of the nations total number of vehicles.In this article we report the Pb contents of petrol and dieselcurrently manufactured and marketed in the city. Samples of`Regular petrol collected in 1999 was found to contain 0.363 gPb L^-1 (range: 0.335 – 0.390 g Pb L^-1), a factor of 5 lower than thatmarketed prior to 1991. Its concentration in diesel fuel was muchlower (0.017 g Pb L^-1). Based on the available statistical data onthe type and volume of vehicular traffic, we assessed that thecurrent lead emission from vehicular traffic into the atmosphereis 391 metric tons a year, which is a factor of 2.7 lower thanthat estimated for 1989.     

Ice Storm Damage and Early Recovery in an Old-Growth Forest

We quantified the damage causedby a major ice storm to individual trees in two1-ha permanent plots located at Mont St. Hilairein southwestern Québec, Canada. The storm, whichoccurred in January 1998, is the worst on recordin eastern North America; glaze ice on the orderof 80–100 mm accumulated at our study site. Allbut 3% of the trees (DBH 10 cm) lost at leastsome crown branches, and 35% lost more than halftheir crown. Damage to trees increased in the order: Tsuga canadensis, Betula alleghaniensis, Ostrya virginiana, Acer saccharum, Fagus grandifolia, Quercus rubra, Betula papyrifera, Acer rubrum, Tilia americana, and Fraxinus americana. Only 22% of the saplings and small trees (4 cm < DBH < 10 cm)escaped being broken or pinned to the ground byfalling material. Levels of damage generally weregreater in an exposed ridge top forest than in acove protected from wind. By August 1999 only53% of the trees had new shoots developing fromthe trunk or broken branches; among the moredominant canopy trees, Fagus grandifoliahad the least sprouting and Acer saccharumand Quercus rubra the most. We anticipateand will monitor both significant turnover in thetree community and some shift in composition ofthe canopy dominants.     

Relationship Between Bird Abundances and Landscape Characteristics: The Influence of Scale

Scale is important to consider when investigating effects of the environment on a species. Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) data and landscape metrics derived from aerial photographs were evaluated to determine how relationships of bird abundances with landscape variables changed over a continuous range of 16 spatial scales. We analyzed the average number of birds per stop (1985–1994) for five songbird species (family Cardinalidae) for each of 50 stops on 198 BBS transects throughout six states in the Central Plains, USA. Land along each transect was categorized into six cover types, and landscape metrics of fractal dimension (a measure of shape complexity of habitat patches), edge density, patch density, and percent area were calculated, with principal components used to construct composite environmental variables. Associations of bird abundances and landscape variables changed in accordance with small scale changes. Abundances of three species were correlated with edge density and one with component I, which subsumes initial variables of patch density for urban, closed forest, open forest, and open country. Fractal dimension and component II (summarizing amount of closed forest versus open country) were associated with the most species. Correlation patterns of fractal dimension with northern cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis) and painted bunting (Passerina ciris) abundances were similar, with highest correlations at intermediate to small scales, suggesting indirectly that these species thrive in areas where local habitat conditions are most important. Multiscale analysis can provide insight into the spatial scale(s) at which species respond, a topic of intrinsic scientific interest with applied implications for researchers establishing protocols to assess and monitor avian populations.