渣油－水乳化液作为路面抑尘剂的研究

为了有效抑制汽车运输路面的扬尘，选择低浓度渣油－水乳化液作为抑尘剂，通过在实验室大量的试验，掌握了一组渣油乳化的最佳配方及其制备工艺，即渣油３％－６％，乳化剂约０．５％，水９３．５％－９６．５％，制备温度＞７０℃．经过室内和现场大规模试验表明，当路面喷洒量达到２．２ｋｇ／ｍ２时，其有效抑生时间达到１０ｄ以上，并且在一定程度起到养路的作用，长期使用可取得显著的综合经济效益．     

Methane emission in a rice field of Thailand

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Fe_3O_4、Fe_2O_3对燃煤飞灰比电阻和击穿场强的影响

利用从国内不同燃煤电厂采集的飞灰作为本底灰样，采用试剂添加、磁选分离和高温煅烧等多种方法分别制备Ｆｅ_２Ｏ_３、Ｆｅ_３Ｏ_４含量不等的试样，进而对这些试样的比电阻和击穿场强进行实验研究。研究结果表明，Ｆｅ_２Ｏ_３和Ｆｅ_３Ｏ_４对飞灰的电导性质的影响规律明显不同：Ｆｅ_３Ｏ_４含量提高４％，可使飞灰的比电阻降低约１个数量级，并使霜些飞灰在０．５ｋＶ／ｃｍ场强下产生电击穿；Ｆｅ_２Ｏ_３的比电阻和击穿场强大大高于Ｆｅ_３Ｏ_４，对飞灰的影响不大。实验结果为研究电除尘器收尘极板上飞灰对收尘机理的影响，和飞灰比电阻数学模型的建立提供了依据。     

Chloride Released from Three Permeable Pavement Surfaces after Winter Salt Application

Few studies exist on how chloride from chloride‐based deicers is transported in infiltration‐based stormwater control measures. In 2009, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) constructed a 0.4 ha parking lot in Edison, New Jersey, that was surfaced with permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP), pervious concrete (PC), and porous asphalt (PA). Each surface type has four equally sized, lined sections that direct all infiltrate to separate 5.7 m³ collection tanks. The USEPA acute criterion for aquatic life (860 mg/l) was exceeded in events immediately following a snow event. Concentrations of the infiltrate exceeded the detection limit (5 mg/l) year round but did not exceed the USEPA chronic toxicity (230 mg/l) after April. The chloride concentration decreased with cumulative rainfall since previous snow event, and a power regression described this relationship. In the power regression, the coefficient (b) described the initial concentration following a snow event, and the exponent (m) described the rate in which chloride was flushed through the system with infiltrating water. PC had the largest coefficient (5,664) and largest absolute exponent (?0.92), followed closely by PICP (b = 4,943 and m = ?0.87), and distantly by PA (b = 2,907 and m = ?0.67). The differences in release rate were proportional to the measured surface infiltration rates of 4,000; 2,400; and 200 cm/h for PC, PICP, and PA, respectively. These results will assist those who manage or regulate stormwater where receiving waters are chloride impaired.     

变电站与输电线路的电磁环境影响水平分析与测试评估——以部分220kV及110kV输变电设施为例

通过对220kV及110kV户内布置、户外布置方式的变电站,架空输电线路以及地下电缆线的工频电场强度、工频磁场强度的监测,分析比较了变电站及输电线路对环境的贡献水平以及衰减规律。结果表明输变电设施对环境的贡献值非常有限,且随与之距离的增加而明显衰减。     

30MHz以下电动车辆电磁兼容测试方法研究

本文深入研究SAE J551-5:2012,剖析30MHz以下电动车辆的电场辐射发射、磁场辐射发射和传导发射的测试布置、最大发射工况选择、测试过程、场分量和检波器组合、限值等方面;对比SAE J551-5:2004,针对GB/T18387-2008,提出若干修订建议,以提高其实用性和可操作性。     

污水土地处理水旱轮作条件下磷素在土层中迁移特征的模拟实验

为了解污水土地处理过程中不同土壤类型土壤溶液 P含量和迁移特征 ,在一种特殊的大型人工模拟土层和地下水实验装置中进行试验 .研究结果表明 :水田条件下 1.5m～ 0.5m土壤溶液 P含量极低 (≤ 0.02 mg/L ) ,但在旱地条件下 ,P含量上升至 0.045mg/L～ 0.628mg/L,P素随入渗污水向下迁移距离可达 1.1 m.在低水力负荷率和较长停留时间的运行条件下 ,1.3m以下土壤溶液和地下水的 P含量处于安全水平 .     

污泥膜覆盖好氧发酵堆体流场模拟及应用研究简

运用Gambit软件建立了污泥好氧发酵堆体的多孔介质模型,通过自行设计的实验装置获得了堆体的通风粘性阻力系数和惯性阻力系数以及功能膜压差与透气量之间的关系,用Fluent软件分析了堆体不同截面形状及底部通风管数量对堆体通风均匀性的影响,为确定合理的通风管数量及截面几何形状提供理论依据。对上海奉贤区城镇污水厂污泥处理工程发酵仓进行堆体流场模拟,确定堆体采用小拱形截面形状,堆高2 m,宽8 m,底部设置4条通风管,实际运行效果良好。     

微磁场条件下pH冲击对微氧活性污泥表面性质的影响

研究了微磁场条件下pH冲击对处理低负荷葡萄糖废水的微氧活性污泥表面性质的影响。在pH=6.0和9.0的条件下对添加磁粉和无磁粉反应器微氧活性污泥进行15 d的冲击,而后调整pH=7.5进行5 d的恢复实验。对pH冲击下污泥絮凝能力FA、疏水性RH和表面电荷SC的变化情况进行考察,结果表明,有磁粉反应器的各项指标均优于无磁粉反应器。经过5 d的恢复实验,添加磁粉反应器污泥的各指标均能恢复到接近初始值,而无磁粉反应器污泥难以恢复到接近初始值。     

Geological emission of methane from the Yakela condensed oil/gas field in Talimu Basin, Xinjiang, China

A static flux chamber method was applied to study natural emissions of methane into the atmosphere in the Yakela condensed oil/gas field in Talimu Basin, Xinjiang, China. Using an online method, which couples a gas chromatography/high-temperature conversion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC/C/MS) together, the 13C/12C ratios of methane in the flux chambers were measured. The results demonstrated that methane gases were liable to migrate from deep oil/gas reservoir to the surface through microseepage and p...