Acardiac anomaly: current issues in prenatal assessment and treatment

Acardiac anomaly is a rare condition affecting monochorionic multiple pregnancies. We review this condition with emphasis on its prenatal diagnostic features and treatment options. Due to the parasitic hemodynamic dependence of the acardiac twin on the pump twin, it is important to monitor the pump twin for signs of decompensation and, if indicated, intervene by interrupting vascular supply to the acardiac twin. The goal of treatment is to maximize the pump-twin's chance of survival. To assist with the decision of when to treat, we suggest a new classification system based on prognostic factors, specifically the size and growth of the acardiac twin and the cardiovascular condition of the pump twin. When the acardiac twin is small and no signs of cardiovascular impairment in the pump twin are present, we suggest serial ultrasound surveillance to detect any worsening of the condition. In cases with a large acardiac twin or rapid growth of the acardiac mass, we recommend prompt intervention. Once treatment is indicated, the intrafetal approach to interrupt the vascular supply to the acardiac twin appears to be superior to cord occlusion techniques as it is simpler, safer and more effective. The first line of treatment, if available, should be ultrasound-guided laser coagulation or radiofrequency ablation of the intrafetal vessels. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

控制消毒副产物及前体物的优化工艺组合

为实现对消毒副产物的控制,比较了新开发的顺序氯化消毒工艺与传统氯消毒工艺在常规工艺、常规+深度处理工艺、预氧化+常规+深度处理工艺中对消毒副产物及其前体物的去除特性.与传统的氯消毒相比,顺序氯化消毒工艺可以有效减少消毒副产物的生成量,THMs减少35.8%～77·0%,HAAs减少36·6%～54·8%;而且消毒进水水质越差,短时游离氯后转氯胺的消毒工艺就越有优势.对最简单的传统工艺进行顺序氯化消毒产生THMs和HAAs为18·51μg/L和19·25μg/L,低于采用最复杂工艺:预臭氧氧化+常规+臭氧-活性炭工艺进行传统氯消毒的副产物生成量(THMs19·40μg/L,HAAs24·70μg/L).对消毒副产物前体物去除和副产物控制有明显效果的前处理工艺是臭氧-活性炭工艺和预臭氧氧化.建议采用传统工艺的水厂改造时优先考虑顺序氯化消毒工艺和臭氧-活性炭工艺.     

MAMA双功能螯合剂前体的合成及结构表征

双功能螯合剂在放射性药物的研究、合成、应用,特别是在生物分子的放射性标记方面发挥着极为重要的作用.本文采用简易方法合成了MAMA双功能螯合剂前体,N-(2"-对甲氧苄巯乙基)-2-[(2'-对甲氧苄巯乙基)氨基]乙酰胺,并通过Uv-vis、IR、1HNMR、MS以及元素分析等对其结构组成进行了确证;同时,利用Gaussian 03W程序对其进行了结构优化描述,并计算了相应的分子能量.此外,对制备得到的前体进行了稳定化处理,将其转化为盐酸盐形式,并用IR、1HNMR等进行了检验,确定了此处理是合理可行的.     

Delineating high-density areas in spatial Poisson fields from strip-transect sampling using indicator geostatistics: application to unexploded ordnance removal

An approach for delineating high anomaly density areas within a mixture of two or more spatial Poisson fields based on limited sample data collected along strip transects was developed. All sampled anomalies were transformed to anomaly count data and indicator kriging was used to estimate the probability of exceeding a threshold value derived from the cdf of the background homogeneous Poisson field. The threshold value was determined so that the delineation of high-density areas was optimized. Additionally, a low-pass filter was applied to the transect data to enhance such segmentation. Example calculations were completed using a controlled military model site, in which accurate delineation of clusters of unexploded ordnance (UXO) was required for site cleanup.     

Disastrous Abrupt Climate Events of Environment Change in Beijing in Recent 15,000 Years

Atpresent,theworldclimaticandenvironmentalchangesfromregionstoglobalextentatvarioustimescaleswillallbeinfluencedbyphysical,chemicalandbiologicalinteraction,someofthesechangesarerecordedinmarine,terrestrial,glacialandbiologicalenvironment,thereby,recon-structtemporallyandspatiallysignificanteventspastenvironmentalandecologicalconditions.In198o'sglobalclimatechangehasbeenwidelypaidattentiontointernationalization,aseriesofresearchplansincludingIGBPhasbeensetupandPAGES,BHAC,GCTEareimportantc…     

彝良5．7级地震前钻孔应变观测到的前兆异常

使用滇黔地区钻孔应变观测台站的资料,对2012年9月7日彝良Ms5．7地震前异常现象进行分析,结果表明,震前昭通、贵阳台钻孔应变出现长趋势等异常,其他台站在震前几小时到5天出现曲线异常波动、固体潮变形等异常现象。     

2015年北京城区大气PM2.5中NH4+、NO3-、SO42-及前体气体的污染特征

2015年1~12月对北京市城区开展PM_(2.5)中主要水溶性离子NH_4~+、NO_3~-和SO_4~(2-)(统称SNA)及其前体气体NH_3、NO、NO_2和SO_2的监测,共获得样本325组.用特氟龙滤膜采集PM_(2.5)中SNA,用在线仪器实时监测各前体气体.分析各前体气体和SNA的污染特征并同时对其相关性进行研究.观测期间NH_3、NO、NO_2、SO_2、NH_4~+、NO_3~-和SO_4~(2-)的年平均浓度分别为21.5、17.7、54.3、14.2、8.1、13.5和12.7μg·m~(-3),SNA质量浓度占PM_(2.5)的43.4%.NO、NO_2和SO_2冬季最高,夏季最低;NH_3为夏季最高,秋冬较低;NH_4~+浓度和体积分数四季波动不大;NO_3~-浓度和体积分数均夏季最低;SO_4~(2-)浓度为冬季最高,百分含量为夏季最大.全年([NO_3~-]+2[SO_4~(2-)])与NH_4~+的比值为0.97,表明阴离子主要以NO_3~-和SO_4~(2-)的形式存在.随着污染程度的增加,各化合物浓度均有明显上升,NO_3~-是重污染过程累积效应比较明显且贡献率最大的离子.SO_4~(2-)则在污染级别较低时,贡献率较大.NO_3~-与NO_2,NO、NH_4~+与NH_3,SO_4~(2-)与SO_2在置信度为0.01水平上均显著相关;SO_4~(2-)和SO_2变化规律呈负相关,NO_2和NO_3~-基本呈正相关,相比NH_3,NH_4~+浓度的高低受酸性气体NO_2、SO_2影响更大.