石油化工建设项目环境监理管理体系的建立研究

环境监理作为专业化监理,在建设项目中的作用越来越重要,其管理体系是实施各项工作过程中的组织机构、职责、管理程序、管理及技术方法等构成的整体.文章介绍了环境监理的概念及工作范围,并从环境监理的组织机构体系、管理及技术方法体系、管理程序及体系文件等方面,简要阐述了石油化工建设项目环境监理管理体系的建立.     

论机械制造项目竣工环境保护验收监测

按照竣工环境保护验收监测工作流程,分别从收集技术资料、现场勘察、编制验收监测方案、现场监测和编制验收监测报告等方面分析了机械制造项目竣工环境保护验收监测应重点关注的问题。本文指出,机械制造项目竣工环境保护验收监测应重点关注问题包括:第一,收集技术资料阶段,建设项目的基本信息应以项目建成后的实际情况为准;第二,现场勘察阶段,应按照项目环评以及环评批复要求,分别从废气、废水、固废、噪声等方面进行现场检查。对于机械制造项目,重点关注焊接烟尘、打磨粉尘、油漆废气等废气处理设施,以及危险废物处置情况;第三,编制验收监测方案阶段,应注意合理确定验收监测内容和评价标准;第四,现场监测阶段,应特别注意企业生产负荷情况,对于机械制造项目可以考虑通过产品产量来考察;第五,编制验收监测报告阶段,应确保验收监测结果及分析充分反映验收监测期间环境管理检查和现场监测的实际情况。     

农业产业化经营项目空间分布及驱动因素分析——以京津冀地区为例

农业产业化经营项目是农业产业发展基础,是京津冀协同发展下调整农业产业结构、提高农业综合生产能力的重要内容。基于京津冀地区2011—2016年数据,利用核密度指数等方法研究产业化经营项目的空间分布及影响因素。结果显示：（1）京津冀地区农业产业化经营项目形成“斜一字型”核密度分布结构,密度由中部向东北、西南方向递减;（2）种植基地项目主要分布在河北省西南部、天津东部,养殖基地项目主要集中在河北省南部、天津市中部,储藏保鲜项目、改扩建加工项目分别向京津冀地区中北、东北方向迁移;（3）农业机械总动力、年末金融机构各项贷款余额是经营项目空间分布格局重要的影响因素,分别在农业发展“硬件”条件、配套资金供给方面影响经营项目分布。     

Hydraulic modeling of mussel habitat at a bridge-replacement site, Allegheny River, Pennsylvania, USA

The Allegheny River in Pennsylvania supports a large and diverse freshwater-mussel community, including two federally listed endangered species, Pleurobema clava (Clubshell) and Epioblasma torulosa rangiana (Northern Riffleshell). It is recognized that river hydraulics and morphology play important roles in mussel distribution. To assess the hydraulic influences of bridge replacement on mussel habitat, metrics such as depth, velocity, and their derivatives (shear stress, Froude number) were collected or computed.The objectives of the project were to evaluate mussel and hydraulic data at a reference site and to compare those findings to a bridge-replacement site. The findings were used to support a statistical analysis, which establishes correlations between mussel count and hydraulics, and a numerical model to forecast habitat based on the statistics.ArcGIS was selected to manage the data and generate a grid to compute area statistics for 3319, 4.9-m × 4.9-m cells (cell) for total mussel count, depth, velocity, shear stress, and Froude number. The Wilcoxon Rank Sum test indicated no statistical significance between the total mussel count and the hydraulic variables; however, trellis graphs were used to account for the spatial variability in the data set. For the flow conditions measured, the total mussel count per cell is greatest at sections where (1) velocities range from 0.061 to 0.21 m/s, (2) shear stresses range from 0.48 to 3.8 dyne/cm², and (3) Froude numbers range from 0.006 to 0.04.Based on the statistical targets established, the hydraulic model results suggest that an additional 2428 m² or a 30-percent increase in suitable mussel habitat could be generated at the replacement-bridge site when compared to the baseline condition associated with the existing bridge at that same location. The study did not address the influences of substrate, acid mine drainage, sediment loads from tributaries, and surface-water/ground-water exchange on mussel habitat. Future studies could include methods for quantifying (1) channel-substrate composition and distribution using tools such as hydroacoustic echosounders specifically designed and calibrated to identify bed composition and mussel populations, (2) surface-water and ground-water interactions, and (3) a high-streamflow event.     

高职院校基建项目工程造价管理问题初探

工程造价管理,是高职院校基建项目管理的核心.在总结高职院校基建项目工程造价管理的基础上,通过分析项目前期决策阶段、项目设计阶段、项目招投标过程、工程材料价格信息管理及全过程跟踪审计中存在的问题,提出了做好前期决策工作、强化项目设计管理、创新项目承发包措施、强化工程材料的认质定价管理、强化基建项目全过程跟踪审计等加强基建项目工程造价管理的建议.     

FINANCING FEDERAL WATER DEVELOPEMNT PROJECTS AND SHARING THE COSTS1

ABSTRACT: The Federal Government's interest and involvement in water resource development in discussed in the context of project financing and cost sharing. After drawing a clear distinction between the two issues - who puts up the money, and who repays over time - the authors survey a number of Federal acts from which have evolved nearly 200 separate cost-sharing rules. Selected cost sharing and financing issues discussed include consistency in policies, rehabilitation of urban water supply systems, multipurpose water quality projects, and ground water management. Two proposals for cost/finance sharing reform introduced in the 96th Congress are discussed in detail and their impacts compared with current policy. The joint venture approach (Administration proposal) results in an effective composite cost share which changes significantly but not drastically (from 19 to 35 percent non-Federal share for a hypothetical project). The block grant approach (Domenici-Moynihan proposal) would alter the regional distribution of Federal water developement funding from the South and West to the Northwest and North Central States.     

建设项目环保设施竣工验收监测时的环境管理检查

建设项目竣工环境保护验收监测已成为建设项目环境管理中的一个重要组成部分,本文主要讨论了建设项目竣工环境保护设施验收监测中环境管理检查的几个方面,力求使验收工作能够全面、真实地反映建设项目环境保护情况。     

煤化工项目实施环境风险评价的探讨

针对煤化工项目事故具有突发性强、危害性大、行为复杂、有毒化学品类型多等特点,指出了煤化工项目实施环境风险评价具有非常重要的意义。以10万t/a环己酮项目为例,确定了项目重大危险源（苯）及最大可信风险事故（苯贮罐泄漏及苯贮罐爆炸）;环境风险分析表明,最大可信风险事故的发生不会导致周围居民死亡及重伤事故,风险值低于化工行业统计标准,并给出了环境风险管理的内容。本例为煤化工项目的风险评价提供了理论依据及技术参考。     

商住综合开发项目环境影响评价分析

本文从商住综合开发项目环境影响评价的实践性出发,重点分析了商住综合开发项目产生的废水、废气、噪声、固体废物等对环境造成的不利影响。并针对这些影响提出了相应的防治措施。同时阐述了在进行商住综合开发项目环境影响评价过程中需要注意的问题。     

石油石化海外项目员工心理健康管理初探

分析了海外项目员工的心理状态,提出了相应的心理健康管理方法。