The acceptance of personal protective equipment among Hong Kong construction workers: An integration of technology acceptance model and theory of planned behavior with risk perception and safety climate

Introduction: The phenomenon that construction workers do not use personal protective equipment (PPE) is a major reason for the high occurrence frequency of accidents in the construction industry. However, little efforts have been made to quantitatively examine the factors influencing construction workers’ acceptance of PPE. Method: In the current study, a PPE acceptance model for construction workers (PAMCW) was proposed to address the noted need. The PAMCW incorporates the technology acceptance model, theory of planned behavior, risk perception, and safety climate for explaining construction worker acceptance of PPE. 413 construction workers participated in this study to fill out a structured questionnaire. The PAMCW was analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results: Results provide evidence of the applicability of the technology acceptance model and theory of planned behavior to the PPE acceptance among construction workers. The positive influence of safety climate and risk perception-severity on attitude toward using PPE was significant. Safety climate positively influences perceived usefulness. Risk perception-worry and unsafe was found to positively affect intention to use PPE. Practical Applications: Practical suggestions for increasing construction workers’ use of PPE are also discussed.     

泄爆面积比对泄爆门封闭泄爆特性的影响研究*

为研究泄爆面积比对泄爆门泄爆特性的影响,运用FLUENT软件建立煤矿井下1∶1巷道模型,在不同泄爆面积比的工况下对瓦斯爆炸传播规律及泄爆过程进行模拟,分析其变化特征和封闭泄爆效果。结果表明:S0工况条件下,压力和温度衰减后保持在0.29 MPa和565 K;S1~S4工况条件下,S4比S1,S2和S3达到封闭状态时间快780,260,50 ms,封闭时间最大节省70.91%;随着泄爆面积比的增大,封闭火区内的压力的峰值、峰值数量和达到封闭状态时间减小,泄爆能力增强;火焰速度峰值和衰减速率增大;温度的初始峰值、峰值数量和达到稳定状态时间减小,最大峰值反而增大,说明泄爆门对瓦斯爆炸火焰无抑制作用。     

Protective clothing for pesticide operators: part I – selection of a reference test chemical for penetration testing

A systematic approach was taken to develop a database for protective clothing for pesticide operators; results are reported as a two-part series. Part I describes the research studies that led to identification of a pesticide formulation that could serve as a reference test chemical for further testing. Measurement of pesticide penetration was conducted using different types of pesticide formulations. Six fabrics were tested using 10 formulations at different concentrations. Three formulations were subsequently selected for further testing. Analysis of the data indicated that, when compared with other formulations, mean percent penetration of 5% Prowl 3.3 EC [emulsifiable concentrate diluted to 5% active ingredient (pendimethalin)] is either similar to or higher than most test chemicals. Those results led to choosing 5% Prowl 3.3 EC as a reference test liquid. Part II of the study, published as a separate paper, includes data on a wide range of textile materials.     

生化防护材料的探讨

本文详述了生化防护材料的种类、性能特点,与防护服配件的协调、使用耐久性能以及成本等问题,得出了生化防护材料选用及设计的一般性结论。     

X射线防护服所需铅当量的研究与应用

铅当量是X射线防护服最重要的性能指标,铅当量的大小决定着X射线防护服屏蔽X射线的能力。X射线防护服的铅当量有不同的等级,需根据不同的X射线照射条件和工作情况选择使用。本文通过计算给出了几种常用管电压下防护服屏蔽散漏X射线所需的铅当量值,可为X射线防护服的使用单位或个人在购买和使用时提供参考。选择适合铅当量的X射线防护服,可以避免因选用的防护服或用具铅当量不足而达不到有效屏蔽X射线的效果,造成健康的危害;也可以避免因选用过大铅当量的X射线防护服或用具,致使作业人员过多负重,导致疲劳,发生人为失误,也可以避免造成不必要的经济浪费。另外,为了保证X射线防护服的使用效果,本文给出了X射线防护服的检验、贮存和使用等管理方法。     

消防服用织物热防护性能测试分析与研究

热防护性能(Thermal protective performance—TPP)是阻燃型服装或织物隔热防护性能重要指标。本文在已研制的一种模拟人体皮肤及体形的高温"圆筒仪"上进行了改进,并用其测试阻燃服装织物的热防护性能。用膜电偶测量模拟皮肤器表面温升率,并结合烧伤积分模型的评价方法来计算达到二级烧伤的防热时间。与其它一维平面测试装置相比,本装置可较为准确评估实际服装热收缩特征对服装热防护性能的影响。     

发射场液体推进剂个体防护体系的研究与设计

为了确保发射场液体推进剂作业人员的身体健康和生命安全,本文以安全系统工程理论为依据,结合液体推进剂作业要求以及防护装具现状,研究并建立了发射场推进剂作业个体三级防护体系。     

基于模糊聚类的国防工程电磁脉冲防护策略探讨

为实现对国防工程内部众多电气设备进行有效合理的防护,达到国防工程对电磁脉冲的整体防护要求;以人防工程为例,分析人防工程内部电气设备的功能特点,确定其评估指标体系,利用模糊聚类的方法,对人防工程内部的电气设备进行模糊聚类,通过对模糊聚类结果的分析,探讨对不同种类的电气设备的防护策略。通过模糊聚类模型而实现的分类防护,可以提高人防工程对电磁脉冲的整体防护效率。采用的方法也可以应用到其他国防工程的电磁脉冲分类防护中去。     

深部低渗透强突出煤层群首采下保护层确定和效果考察

软岩保护层在深部低渗透强突出煤层群首采保护层选择中具有潜在的应用前景。在阐述下保护层开采覆岩移动与采场裂隙演化及瓦斯运移关系的基础上,以芦岭矿为工程背景,通过FLAC3D数值试验,研究软岩保护层开采后的卸压效果,并和不同层位的薄煤层开采卸压效果对比分析。结果表明,在采厚相同的情况下,开采10煤保护层相对于软岩保护层,卸压程度弱,保护范围小,保护效果差。软岩保护层开采后,被保护层处于弯曲下沉带的下限范围。受采动影响,有大量的离层裂隙生成。考察期范围内上覆被保护层(8、9煤层)瓦斯抽采率达62.9%,表明软岩保护层开采能够对上覆被保护层(8、9煤层)起到显著的卸压效果。研究结果可为其他矿区保护层开采选择提供参考,丰富国内保护层开采实践。     

煤矿火区快速封闭泄爆门研究

目前煤矿发生火灾事故后,火区封闭时间过长极易引发瓦斯爆炸等次生灾害,且煤矿现有的阻隔爆技术存在许多 不足,针对这些问题,研发一种用于煤矿火区的快速封闭泄爆门。通过对泄爆门的结构设计、封闭与泄爆机制及有益效 果等方面进行阐述,并采用流体力学FLUENT软件计算得出不同数量泄爆窗的泄爆门与监控泄爆门前截面的压力、速度之 间的变化情况。结果表明:6个泄爆窗比2个泄爆窗的封闭时间快1 200 ms,快速封闭时间节省了68.57%。随着泄爆窗的 增多,瓦斯爆炸冲击波压力和传播速度都大幅度降低。当煤矿发生火灾事故封闭火区时,快速封闭泄爆门不仅具有快速 密闭功能,也同时具有泄爆功能,为煤矿安全提供新的隔爆技术。