环境温度对化学防护服气密性能影响研究

为研究不同温度条件对化学防护服（CPC）气密性的影响,以3种不同材质（聚乙烯、丙烯、氯化丁基橡胶）的化学防护服为研究对象,利用气密性测试仪和环境实验舱,在10~66 ℃温度条件下处理2 h后,分析环境温度对3种化学防护服样品气密性能影响。研究结果表明:不同环境工况处理后化学防护服气密性能在10~25 ℃段上升,在25~50 ℃段下降;聚乙烯材质化学防护服失效温度为66 ℃,其他2种材质的服装失效温度为50 ℃。研究可为防护装备环境适应性测试评价提供技术支撑。     

Effects of safety climate on safety norm violations: exploring the mediating role of attitudinal ambivalence toward personal protective equipment

Problem

Research on the role of organizational and psychosocial factors in influencing risk behaviors and the likelihood of injury at work showed that safety climate also has great impact on workers’ behavior. However, the mechanisms through which this impact operates are still partially unclear.

Method

In order to explore the role that attitudinal ambivalence toward wearing PPE might play in mediating the impact of safety climate on safety norm violations, a questionnaire was administered to 345 Italian workers.

Results

Three dimensions of safety climate (i.e., company safety concern, senior managers’ safety concern, supervisors’ attitudes towards safety) were found to be positively associated with the individual ambivalence level, whereas the fourth one (i.e., work pressure) was negatively correlated with it. In turn, low levels of ambivalence were associated with a lower tendency to break the safety norms, even though the perception of a good safety climate also maintained a direct effect on unsafe behaviors.

Impact on industry

Designers of training program for the prevention of work related injuries must pay great attention to the psycho-social factors (such as the effects of the safety climate perception by employees on their attitudes and behaviors), and include specific contents into the prevention programs in order to improve workers compliance with safety norms.     

离子色谱分析法用于化学防护服材料渗透性能检测的研究

渗透性能是化学防护服最重要的防护性能指标之一。本文采用PTC200型渗透测试池、蠕动泵、超滤装置和离子色谱分析仪,构建了测试化学防护服渗透性能的装置,并利用该装置对一系列化学防护服面料对浓硫酸和NaOH溶液的渗透性能进行了检测。结果表明,利用该装置可以方便准确地实现服装面料渗透性能测试,是一种具有重要应用价值的检测方法。该方法的开发为规范我们国家化学防护服装及相关产品防护性能检测方式,提高检测结果的准确度和一致性,具有重要的意义。     

The roles of garment design and scene complexity in the daytime conspicuity of high-visibility safety apparel

INTRODUCTION: This study examines the effects of high-visibility garment design on daytime pedestrian conspicuity in work zones. Factors assessed were garment color, amount of background material, pedestrian arm motion, scene complexity, and driver age. METHOD: The study was conducted in naturalistic conditions on public roads in real traffic. Drivers drove two passes on a 31-km route and indicated when they detected pedestrians outfitted in the fluorescent garments. The locations of the vehicle and the pedestrian were recorded. RESULTS: Detection distances between fluorescent yellow-green and fluorescent red-orange garments were not significantly different, nor were there any significant two-way interactions involving garment color. Pedestrians were detected at longer distances in lower complexity scenes. Arm motion significantly increased detection distances for pedestrians wearing a Class 2 vest, but had little added benefit on detection distances for pedestrians wearing a Class 2 jacket. DISCUSSION: Daytime detection distances for pedestrians wearing Class 2 or Class 3 garments are longest when the complexity of the surround is low. The more background information a driver has to search through, the longer it is likely to take the driver to locate a pedestrian--even when wearing a high-visibility garment. IMPACT ON INDUSTRY: These findings will provide information to safety garment manufacturers about characteristics of high-visibility safety garments which make them effective for daytime use.     

电梯门机智能维护系统的研究进展

探讨了研发电梯门机智能维护系统的必要性和实际意义,介绍国外在门机智能维护领域的研究进展,从理论和技术方面论述该系统的整体流程和涉及到的重要模块和硬件平台,最后指出电梯门机智能维护系统主要的研究方向并建议国内学者对该系统进行更深入的研究。     

家用电器防触电不可忽视的两个技术措施——接地(或接零)和便用漏电保护器

本文从技术角度阐述了安全使用家用电器防触电的类型,提出了家用电器防止触电避免安全事故发生的具体技术措施。     

一种抗菌生物防护口罩的研制

具有抗菌功能的生物防护口罩对于预防呼吸道传染病的流行、保护人员健康具有重要的意义。本文采用化学键结合的方法将生物抗菌剂ε-聚赖氨酸(ε-PL)固定在聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)非织造布上并与其它过滤材料复合,采用密合拱型结构设计研制出一种具有抗菌功能的生物防护口罩。实验结果表明,该口罩对菌悬液和微生物气溶胶的抗菌率分别为99.99%和81.9%,且抗菌性能稳定;对颗粒气溶胶和微生物气溶胶的过滤效率分别为99.32%和99.99%,在满足GB19083的基础上具有优良的生物防护性能。     

摩托车防护服装设计方法研究

本课题在摩托车防护服装设计因素分析的基础上,对摩托车防护服装的设计方法进行了系统研究,探讨了能够实现安全防护性能和舒适性能的摩托车防护服的设计方法。通过系统完整的设计过程,设计人员能够形成一个正确的设计理念和体系化的设计步骤。     

化学防护服的分类及选用

本文较为系统地介绍了化学防护服的分类方法、典型化学防护服的特点和适用场合及化学防护服选择应考虑的主要因素和一般程序,对化学防护服的选用具有一定的指导意义。     

一种车载长管式压缩空气呼吸器的研制

介绍了一种新型车载正压式压缩空气呼吸器的系统组成、主要技术性能、主要部件设计及试验情况。该车载空气呼吸器具有使用安全可靠、使用时间长的特点。