区域水资源可持续利用系统评价的插值模型

区域水资源可持续利用系统评价是区域可持续发展战略研究中的核心问题之一,目前提出的评价模型大多是用显式函数来表示评价指标与评价等级之间的复杂关系,其函数形式随区域水资源可持续利用系统评价内容的不同而变化,求解这些函数较复杂。为此,提出了用基于加速遗传算法的Shepard插值模型(SP模型)进行评价的新方法。实例研究的结果说明:SP模型直接由区域水资源可持续利用系统评价等级标准产生的样本数据驱动,建模方法简便而有效,在区域各种自然资源可持续利用系统评价中具有推广应用价值。     

碳酸盐岩红土中氧化铁矿物表面化学特征及其吸附机理研究

应用ＸＰＳ技术，首次较系统地研究了碳酸盐岩红土中氧化铁矿物表面化学特征及其吸附机理，氧公铁矿物表面的ＸＰＳ分析表明，矿物表面和整体之间在化学成分，状态和结构等方面存在明显差异，矿物表面的这种非均匀性特征是其表面化学反应的重要动力学起因。     

环境保护最佳实用技术推广思考

根据环境保护最佳实用技术推广工作现状,分析了有利于推广的外部环境和条件,并对加快加强推广工作提出了意见和建议:建立新的推广机制、建立组织保障体系、加强建设信息网络、建立法律支持体系、利用八项管理制度、确保资金投入给予优惠政策等。     

Vegetation monitoring using different scale of remote sensing data

This work sets out to simulate landscape model of Mu Us Desert in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China at different spatial resolution using remote sensing images and distinguished landscape heterogeneity among different spatial resolutions. Landscape models were created from classification image of SPOT satellite data with 20m resolution and NOAA data with 1 km resolution. This study created landscape models of different scales by resampling the SPOT classified image using majority rule. The pixel resolution was increased from the finest scale of 20m by 20m up to 1000m by 1000m that was the coarsest spatial resolution. The Shannon diversity index was used to compare landscape models between different scales. At the finer scale the verify small patches such as deciduous forest, shrub and reedswamp with high vegetation coverage set on matrices with low vegetation cover (moving sand dune and sparse grassland) were verified. Broadening of scale resulted to the loss of small patches and at 1000m resolution, matrix classes were dominant. At 1km resolution of NOAA data, the matrix classes which greatly related to the topography of Mu Us Desert were detected. Diversity index decreased during scale broadening and the difference between SPOT 1km scale model and AVHRR data was not significant. The results showed that SPOT 20m model is good for the use of ecotone oriented revegetation planning, and NOAA 1km model is good for the seasonal and annual monitoring of each landscape unit, and revegetation planning at the regional level.     

基于3S技术的环境污染治理对策论应用模型研究

探讨了基于3S技术的现代空间信息系统支持下的对策论多元合作对策费用分摊策略问题。首先．从对策论基本原理出发，分析了费用分摊对策模型。针对大气环境污染防治多元决策问题，提出了采用3S综合集成技术确定污染源及盛行污染路径、确定污染区域面积和污染损失、污染损失费用分摊分析模型与方法。介绍了模型在大气环境污染防治多元决策领域中的应用实例。3S技术为对策论模型提供科学决策数据，有效地解决对策论应用中的瓶颈问题。     

Landscape dynamitic change in Mu Us Desert derived from Landsat TM data

Landscpae ecology emphasizes large areas and ecological effects of the spatial patterning of ecosystem.Recent developments in landscape ecology emphasized the important relationship between spatial patterns and many ecological processes.Quantitative methods in landscape ecology link spatial patterns and ecological processes at broad spatial and temporal scales.In turn the increased attention on temoral change of ecosystem has highlighted the need for quantitative methods that can analyze patterns.This research applies quantitative methods-change detection to assess the ecosystem temporal change in the arid and semiarid area.Remote sensing offers the temporal change of ecosystem on landscape characteristics.     

高技术产业污染

通过对美、日两国高技术产业污染现状的分析，得出了高技术生产并非清洁的结论，分析了我国高技术污染的现状和其潜在的危害，提出了防止高技术污染的措施。     

激光诱导荧光技术测量大气OH自由基的研究进展

大气氢氧自由基（ＯＨ）是对流层大气中最重要的氧化剂，对酸雨，平流层臭氧的损耗等有重要影响，激光诱导荧光技术是目前测定大气ＯＨ自由基中使用最多的测量方法。文章总结了２０多年来国内外的研究成果，论述了激光诱导荧光技术用于测定大气ＯＨ自由基的基本原理和研究进展，讨论了测量中不确定因素及其对策，并着重介绍了目前最常用的基于气体扩张的低压荧光技术。     

乳状液膜法处理含金属离子废水的研究现状和进展

介绍了液膜分离原理及其工艺流程，重点阐述液膜分离技术在处理含金属离子废水提取稀土金属的研究现状和进展。结果认为，该技术具有高效、快速、节能特点，分离和提取无机金属离子能够达到资源回收和环境保护双重效果。     

应用分段烟羽模式估算秦山核电厂(二期)设计基准事故概率后果

采用天气取样技术和分段烟羽模式估算了秦山核电厂二期工程一旦发生设计基准事故，在半径８０ｋｍ评价区内可能造成的事故概率后果。天气取样采用分层取样技术，根据秦山二期厂址百米气象铁塔一年逐时气象观测数据取。持续时间长达３０天的事故释放采用分段烟羽模式由５个不同持续时间，不同释放量的烟段模拟；应用有效扩散参数概念以描述大气稳定度变化对扩散参数的影响，扩散参数采用厂址实测值。