卫星伸展机构的图示评审技术应用

目的解决卫星伸展机构参数表现形式多样且不确定的问题。方法运用图示评审技术,构建MU-GERT网络模型,并将参数统一用广义灰数表征。考虑解析算法的复杂性,提出针对该网络模型的矩阵式表征方法,并设计出矩阵式求解算法,便于运用计算机编程进行准确快速的求解。结果用MU-GERT网络模型计算概率不确定时制作一个合格卫星伸展机构需要的时间,仿真模拟出制作出一个合格卫星伸展机构的期望与机会。结论为图示评审技术在卫星伸展机构研制中的应用提供了研究思路和经验借鉴。     

超声波CT成像技术在桩基检测中的应用

采用声波透射法检测桩基混凝土质量时,在利用声速( 或声时) 、波幅及PSD判据检测出桩身混凝土存在缺陷的基础上,通过借助CT成像技术的数学计算方法,不仅可以较准确地确定缺陷的尺寸及空间分布,而且比其它方法所得到的结果更直观,同时还可以减少室内计算的工作量。     

Analysis of 3-D Urban Databases with Respect to Pollution Dispersion for a Number of European and American Cities

Dispersion models require as input various geometrical parameters to calculate the flow field and dispersion characteristics in the urban environment. As a result of recent advances in digital photogrammetry and remote sensing, databases of the actual 3-D geometry of city centre areas are now increasingly available. In this work we outline a procedure to reduce this large amount of data to a structured input for urban pollution dispersion models, i.e. to extract the important flow and dispersion parameters from the urban databases. Based on a review of the scientific literature, we have identified a number of parameters relevant to the modelling of pollution dispersion and atmospheric flows in urban areas. These parameters are: the plan and frontal area densities, the plan and frontal area density as a function of height, the distribution of heights, their standard deviation, the aerodynamic roughness length and the sky view factor.These parameters are obtained by analysing urban Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) which are regularly spaced grids of elevation values. Examples of the parameters calculated from high-resolution databases (with pixel size of about 1 m) for three European (London, Toulouse and Berlin) and two North American (Salt Lake City and Los Angeles) cities are presented and discussed. The calculated aerodynamic roughness length was smaller for the European cities than for the North American ones. A multiplicative correction factor to the aerodynamic roughness length is proposed to include the effect of the variability of the building heights.     

Radioactivity Monitored From Moored Oceanographic Buoys

The principles and operation of a gamma radiation sensor mounted on oceanographic buoys are described. the sensor has proved rugged in severe weather conditions and has satisfactory detection limits and accuracy. Continuous monitoring of artificially produced γ-emitters such as ¹³⁷Cs, ¹³⁴Cs, ¹³¹I, ¹³³I, ¹³²Te, naturally occuring emitters such as ⁴⁰k and ²¹⁴Bi in open sea conditions can provide important information in critical situations.     

SATELLITE DETECTION OF SEICHES IN GREAT SALT LAKE,UTAH1

ABSTRACT: On June 15, 1977, an unusual brightness anomaly was detected in the north arm of Great Salt Lake, Utah, on NOAA-5 Very High Resolution Radiometer (VHRR) visible band imagery and on Landsat-2 multispectral visual band imagery. Retrospective inspection of NOAA-3, 4, and 5 satellite imagery from 1974–77 revealed 12 previous cases of the anomaly, whereas post monitoring documented nine other cases through May 1978. Comparison of lake levels in the north arm with meteorological parameters leads to the conclusion that the anomalous brightness is associated with wind induced seiches in the north arm. Apparently the wind induces a lower water depth, turbulence, and mixing throughout the water column in the western third of the north arm, thus increasing the brightness of the surface waters chiefly from sediment resuspension.     

泥石流预报中的多层降水预报/监测系统

利用数值天气预报、静止气象卫星云图、天气雷达回波和遥测雨量等4种方法,进行了大气降水的预报与监测,构建了不同时间尺度满足不同精度的降水预报和监测体系,通过与下垫面中地形和地质等条件的耦合,为不同时间尺度的泥石流预报系统提供了相应的降水预报支持,以满足不同层次的泥石流减灾要求.     

煤矿井下自燃火灾的图像识别及综合判据系统

煤矿自燃火灾的早期探测及预报是保证煤炭生产安全的有效手段。目前已有的各种预测预报技术,虽对煤炭自燃火灾的防治起到一定的作用,但对于不同煤质和不同地质赋存情况下的煤矿,单一探测方法的预测精度有限,在探测的准确性和有效性方面尚不能完全满足各种类型煤矿安全生产的需要。为了提高煤炭自燃灾害早期探测的可靠性,笔者提出一种以图像识别技术为基础的煤炭自燃发火探测方法,并进一步利用信息融合技术结合其他探测方法建立一套煤矿自燃发火综合判据系统,该系统有助于提高煤炭自燃预测的准确性,对煤矿的安全生产能发挥重要作用。     

基于CCD成像的多角度激光散射探测技术

介绍了基于CCD成像的多角度激光散射的探测技术。本技术采用数字图象、神经网络等处理技术，对不同的燃烧方式设定相应的灵敏度，能准确识别灰尘、飞虫和水蒸汽等非火灾的干扰因素，实现了在复杂环境中稳定可靠的超早期的火灾探测和报警，改变了现有探测技术在提高灵敏度后却只能用于洁净环境、对恶劣环境只能通过提高报警阈值等手段来解决的被动局面。     

城市房屋震害的区域分析法--与点特征判据算法的对比研究

根据高分辨率遥感影像震害房屋的基本特征,提出在该影像条件下,震害房屋信息的自动获取技术应发展以区域分析为基础的识别算法,并给出了适于震害房屋信息获取的区域分析算法的基本概念、框架及实现过程.在此基础上,介绍了一种典型的区域分析框架下的震害房屋自动识别算法,并与点特征判据算法进行了对比.结果表明,基于图像区域分析算法的识别具有很高的精度和易于实现的客观条件.最后指出,在高分辨率卫星遥感影像将成为今后震害信息获取主要数据源的情况下,开发区域分析框架下的震害房屋信息识别算法是未来的发展方向.