鼎湖山针阔叶混交林地表CH4通量

用静态箱-气相色谱法对鼎湖山针阔叶混交林的地表CH4通量进行了为期一年的原位观测和研究.结果表明,该林型土壤总体为大气CH4的吸收汇,通量年变化范围60～-120 μg·m-2·h-1,在雨季向旱季过渡的9、10月份,土壤对CH4的吸收较为强烈,而在冬季的1月份,吸收通量最小;凋落物层对该林型地表CH4的吸收没有明显的阻隔作用;多元回归分析发现CH4通量与地下5 cm温度显著相关,尤其是在土壤湿度变化不大的旱季,土壤表层温度为影响CH4通量的主导因子.     

中国小麦遥感估产区划研究

大面积小麦遥感估产区划是一项专项应用区划,主要服务于小麦遥感估产研究与实践。本文结合农作物区划理论和小麦遥感估产的具体要求,并重点考虑后者,提出了小麦遥感估产区划的原则和依据,建立了区划指标体系,藉此把我国分为１４个估产区和３２个估产亚区。     

西藏地区的鱼类及渔业区划

本文根据作者大量实地考察,并参考前人的有关研究资料,对西藏地区鱼类组成、分布及渔业区划等进行了深入研究和分析。提出：现知我国西藏地区共有鱼类３目,５科和４亚科,２２属,以及６３个种和８个亚种;裂腹鱼类、高原鳅类和　类这三大类群占了整个西藏鱼类的９３．４％以上;结合鱼类分布特点及与渔业生产有关的区域自然地理特征,进行了渔业区划,划分出３个１级区和５个亚区。     

中国环境区划划分的原则和方法及分区框架的探讨

中国环境区划是国家“八五”环境保护攻关课题。本文探讨环境区划的原则和方法,并提出中国环境分区框架。作者认为中国环境区划框架:一级区2个部:东南部、西北部;二级区5个带:蒙新干旱环境带、青藏冰冻环境带及北部温和环境带、中部温暖环境带、南部湿热环境带;三级区15个区:内蒙、甘新、藏北、藏南、东北、华北、黄土、华东、华中、四川、东南、岭南、广西、云贵与海南区     

regionalclimate Characteristics of regional climate change and pattern analysis on Ordos Plateau

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＯｒｄｏｓＰｌａｔｅａｕｌｉｅｓｉｎｔｈｅｓｏｕｔｈｗｅｓｔｏｆＩｎｎｅｒＭｏｎｇｏｌｉａａｎｄｂｅｌｏｎｇｓｔｏａｍｕｌｔｉ ｐｌａｙｅｒａｎｄｃｏｍｐｌｉｃａｔｅｄｅｃｏｇｅｏｇｒａｐｈｉｃａｌｔｒａｎｓｉｔｉｏｎｚｏｎｅ ,ｎａｍｅｌｙ ,ｉｔｉｓａｔｒａｎｓｉｔｉｏｎｚｏｎｅｏｆａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｅｃｉｒｃｌｅ ,ｃｌｉｍａｔｅ ,ｇｅｏｌｏｇｙａｎｄｇｅｏｇｒａｐｈｙ ,ｖｅｇｅｔａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｎａｔｕｒａｌｂｅｌｔ ,ｂｉｏｔａ ,ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙａｎｄｃｕｌｔｕｒｅ .Ｉ…     

北京部分地区大气PM10中多环芳烃的季节性变化

采集了北京城乡结合部和郊区 2003 年 4 个季节大气 PM10样品,用超声萃取-GC/MS 技术分析了其多环芳烃的组成.结果表明,17 种母核多环芳烃总量在8.46~296.57ng/m3之间,城乡结合部的浓度是郊区的1.02~1.58倍.PAHs总量的季节性变化与采样时环境温度显示出较好的负相关性,即冬季>秋季>春季>夏季.郊区和城乡结合部冬季 PAHs 总量分别是夏季的 22.25 倍和 34.41 倍,显示了燃煤取暖对北京冬季大气 PAHs 污染的贡献极为显著.运用多种多环芳烃比值综合判断,北京大气 PM10中 PAHs 主要以燃煤和机动车尾气混合来源为主,石油源和木材燃烧源的贡献较小.     

芦苇与海三棱藨草中重金属的累积及季节变化

通过分析上海滨岸潮滩芦苇和海三棱藨草根系、茎叶中Cu、Pb、Fe、Mn、Zn、Cr、N的含量，发现Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu在芦苇与海三棱藨草根系、茎叶中含量较高，而Pb、Cr、N含量较低；Mn在芦苇与海三棱藨草茎叶中的含量接近或超过根系中的含量，而Fe在茎叶中的百分含量较少；聚类分析表明，Pb、Cr在芦苇和海三棱藨草体内的迁移能力非常相近，Zn、Cd、Cu也表现出类似的规律；芦苇和海三棱藨草分别在夏季和春季开始大量吸收重金属元素，之后含量降低，冬季时重金属元素在这两种潮滩植物根系和茎叶中再次出现富集。在同一采样断面，除Cr以外，其余重金属元素在海三棱藨草体内的含量明显高于芦苇。     

Changes in quality of groundwater with seasonal fluctuations： an example from Ghor Sail area, southern Dead Sea coastal aquifers, Jordan

The demand for water resources in the area south of the Dead Sea due to continued development, especially at the Arab Potash Company （APC） for production and domestic purposes necessitates that water quality in the area be monitored and evaluated based on the local geology and hydrogeology. The objective of this paper is to monitor seasonal fluctuations of groundwater and to determine how fluctuation in the water levels will affect the groundwater quality. Groundwater levels were found to be influenced by rainfall and pumping of water from the wells for domestic and industrial use. Twenty water samples were collected from different wells and analyzed for major chemical constituents both in pre- and post-seasons to determine the quality variation. Chemical constituents are significantly increased after post-season recharge. According to the overall assessment of the area, water quality was found to be useful for drinking, irrigation and industry.     

Chemical characteristics of aerosols at coastal station in Hong Kong.Ⅱ.Environmental behavior of trace elements during the April 1995 to April 1996

An one-year of sampling aerosol program was carried out during the period of April 1995 to April 1996 at coastal region, Cape D‘Aguilar, in Hong Kong. The trace element composition of aerosol particles(TSP and PM10) were measured and analyzed by using the Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis(INAA) and Inductive Couple Plasma-Mass Spectrometry(ICP-MS) techniques. The results showed that the polluted elements such as: V, Zn, As, Pb, Cd, Sb, I, Se, Bi, with high enrichment factor( E. F) values, are derived from anthropogenic sources ,while Sc, AI, Fe, Mn, Sm, La, Sr are less than 10 in E. F, these elements are related the crust and soil. The concentration of the trace elements are present seasonal variation i.e. summer low and winter high, whereas the V or noncrustal V(V^* ) present summer high and winter low, this phenomenon might be explained by local or regional oil combustion sources. Use three type of elemental ratio, e.g. La/Sm, Mn^*/V^* and Bi/Al indicate that both TSP and PM10 of La/Sm ratios are mainly related to soil and dust, Mn^*/V^* are probably represent fossil combustion and Bi/Al are possibly associated with refuse incineration, ferromanganese alloys and aluminum production. The varimax rotation factor analysis for trace elements was performed. By means of the absolute principal component analysis (APCA) and multiple regression, the contribution of trace elements to possible sources and overall means of trace elements were estimated. The results showed that the present station is impacted by the anthropogenic species, although the quantities are different during the summertime and wintertime.