Computer Usage With Cold Hands; An Experiment With Pointing Devices

Computers are used in the outdoors and in connection with cold store work. Cold hand and fingers limit data input, as studied here. Six input devices; trackballs, pens, and a mouse were tested by 19 participants in a Fitts’ target acquisition task with 2 target sizes under 2 experimental conditions; warm and cold right hand. Measures were acquisition times, number of errors, participant’s preferences, and observed handling of the devices. Effects of device, target size, and cold were significant. Learning and attempts to improve handgrip were confirmed. Large enough targets, a thick pen, and a mouse make computer work practicable in the cold. Direct visual feedback, as with pen on template with target images, shortened acquisition times by half a second.     

Determining Attenuation of Impulse Noise With an Electrical Equivalent of a Hearing Protection Device

Determining the effectiveness of impulse noise attenuation with hearing protection devices (HPDs) is an important part of their selection. Measuring impulse noise parameters under an HPD would involve exposing subjects to impulses with a high peak sound pressure level. This paper presents a computational method of determining impulse noise parameters under the cups of earmuffs. Calculations are done using the transfer function of earmuffs, determined with Shaw’s electrical equivalent of an HPD, taking into account the design parameters of earmuffs. The developed method was used for calculations in the presence of impulse noise generated by gunshots. To verify the computational method, the results of these calculations were compared with the results of measurements.     

A Contribution to the Study of the Antidust Respirators’ Real Performance

In most industrial enterprises, hazardous factors are present in quantities exceeding permissible levels. Such a situation requires using antidust respiratory protection. It has been suggested, however, that filters for respirators are not assessed properly and that lab results might not be related to real filtering efficiency in industry. This article contains test results of some commercially available filtering half-masks, including the effect of loading with real dust, high humidity, high temperature, and a combination of loading with dust and high humidity on the half-masks’ performance. The results show that the effect of these factors is considerable and that a combination of loading with silica dust and exposing to high humidity can cause a complete loss of performance.     

基于1 m3泄爆装置的墨粉爆炸泄压机制研究*

为了研究墨粉在爆炸泄压过程中燃烧与流动的变化机制,通过改变泄爆片尺寸、墨粉浓度以及泄爆片的惯性力等参数对爆炸泄放过程中反应釜中压力以及外场火焰形态变化进行试验研究,同时与完全封闭空间内不同墨粉浓度的压力曲线对比。研究结果表明:相同泄爆开口尺寸下,粉尘浓度与受控爆炸压力（采用爆炸泄压保护措施后工业腔体内产生的压力）负相关;开口尺寸增加可以提升泄压效率;结合外场火焰形态的变化情况揭示声动火焰不稳定性对反应釜中压力发展的影响;通过无惯性泄爆试验的对比证明泄爆片惯性对受控爆炸压力的影响不可忽视。     

倒焰窑烟尘治理的实践与理论分析

燃煤烟气的组成和特性决定了治理倒焰窑烟气难度很大。本研究通过采用CAO型燃煤装置进行倒焰窑烟尘治理 ,说明改变煤的燃烧状态使其完全燃烧才是节约能源 ,解决燃煤烟气污染使烟气达标排放的正确途径     

CuBr2分解缓释-膜催化对零价汞的氧化性能研究

以置于多孔陶瓷膜中的CuBr2受热分解所释放的Br2为氧化剂,利用膜催化装置对Hg0氧化效率进行研究,并设计反应-就地检测一体化装置,避免下游气体管壁效应对实验结果带来的影响.结果表明,MnO x/α-Al2O3催化膜对CuBr2分解所产生Br2的释放有较好的"缓释"作用.Hg0和Br2在催化膜表面的吸附和反应可用Langmuir-Hinshelwood机制描述.Hg0氧化效率随Br2浓度增大而升高,但在达到一定浓度后,Hg0和Br2的吸附速率及两者在催化膜表面的反应速率成为限速因素.473~573 K时Hg0氧化效率变化较稳定.烟气中SO2对Hg0氧化有一定抑制作用,NO无明显影响.     

气升装置对厌氧氨氧化反应器脱氮效能的影响

通过接种厌氧氨氧化污泥研究了气升回流装置在提高进水基质浓度以提高反应器氮负荷过程中对反应器脱氮效能的影响.结果表明,在气升室中利用厌氧氨氧化反应产生的氮气作为动力可以实现出水自动循环.随着反应器脱氮效能的提高,气升室回流量也逐步增加,能够有效稀释进水基质浓度,缓解其对厌氧氨氧化菌的抑制.经过183 d运行,进水NH+4-N、NO-2-N质量浓度分别提高至700 mg·L-1和840 mg·L-1,出水NH+4-N和NO-2-N质量浓度最高达到46.3 mg·L-1和53.21mg·L-1,氮去除速率稳定在28.3 kg·(m3·d)-1左右.说明气升装置所形成的自回流系统能够有效改善传统厌氧氨氧化反应器运行过程中高基质浓度抑制的问题,同时减少外置回流泵的动力消耗,是一种经济有效的措施.     

中小锅炉烟道式旋流喷淋脱硫装置

本文通过对某市4t/h燃煤锅炉烟气除尘脱硫系统技术改造工程实例的介绍,结合干法除尘和湿法脱硫工艺流程,介绍了一种新型的烟道式脱硫装置及脱硫效果。     

PM_(2.5)细颗粒物捕集设备研究应用现状

PM2.5细颗粒物因其粒径小、吸附能力强、环境影响大,同时捕集困难而成为备受世界各国关注的大气环境问题,我国也将PM2.5作为空气质量标准的一项新指标。结合现有的标准和技术条件,对PM2.5细颗粒物有高效捕集效果的新型袋式除尘器、湿式电除尘器、电凝并器、电—袋混合式除尘器,特别是无机膜过滤器的特点、研究应用现状及存在问题进行了概述。     

某炼厂制氢装置泄漏检测情况分析及建议

对某炼厂制氢装置的泄漏检测数据进行了统计分析,深入剖析了装置的泄漏现状,并针对性地提出了部分改进建议。