Removal of phosphate ions from aqueous solution using Tunisian clays minerals and synthetic zeolite

Phosphate ions are usually considered to be responsible for the algal bloom in receiving water bodies and aesthetic problems in water. From the environmental point of view, the management of such contaminant and valuable resource is very important. The present work deals with the removal of phosphate ions from aqueous solutions using kaolinitic and smectic clay minerals and synthetic zeolite as adsorbent. The pH effect and adsorption kinetic were studied. It was found that phosphate could be efficiently removed at acidic pH (between 4 and 6) and the second order model of kinetics is more adopted for all samples. The isotherms of adsorption of phosphate ions by the two clays and the zeolite samples show that the zeolite has the highest rate of uptake (52.9 mg P/g). Equilibrium data were well fitted with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm.     

成都粘土去除垃圾渗滤液中氨氮的实验研究

文章以成都粘土作为氨氮吸附剂,通过单因素探讨了用土量、搅拌速度、搅拌时间、pH和静置时间5个因素对氨氮去除率的影响。研究表明,在用土量m=50 g/L,pH=8.0的条件下,以r=100 r/min搅拌40 min,并静置24 h后,粘土对垃圾渗滤液中氨氮的去除率可达到23.97%,粘土单位氨氮吸附率为7.14 mg/g。实验表明,粘土可有效去除垃圾渗滤液中的氨氮,更便于生化法在后续处理中的应用,将其与生化法、矿物吸附法等物理方法组合使用,能更好地处理垃圾渗滤液。     

我国安全软科学的发展历程、现状与未来趋势

为准确梳理我国安全软科学进展,以GB/T 13745-2009《学科分类与代码》安全科学技术(620)一级学科体系中的软科学分支学科为范畴,论证安全软科学的价值作用及其要素贡献率;从历史与历程、演进与现状、趋势与挑战3个层面以及学科发展、学科体系、学科范畴、体制法制、监管治理、研究热点、研究前沿等多维度和多视角进行归纳...     

膨润土在危废填埋场防渗系统粘土层改性中的应用

通过阐述在工程实践中采用膨润土改性天然粘土的相关情况,分析膨润土在填埋场防渗系统粘土层改性中的应用,表明该方案技术可行、经济合理,可作为类似工程的参考。     

中华文化软实力及其与文化景区建设研究综述

文化景区作为中华文化的重要载体,是展现中华文化软实力的重要途径.通过相关文献的梳理,对国内外有关中华文化软实力的研究进行综述.从文化景区开发、景区文化资源开发、城市文化与城市风景区建设、提升景区文化内涵四个方面对国内有关文化景区建设的研究进行了综述,结果发现目前国内有关文化景区建设展现中华文化软实力的研究尚为空白,有待学者对此进行深入研究.     

Preferential leaching of nitrate,chloride and phosphate in an Australian clay soil

This paper investigates leaching of water and nutrients (NO^‐ ₃, Cl^‐, PO^3‐ ₄) from the unsaturated layer in an Australian soil using a multisegment percolation system (MPS). Large undisturbed soil cores were collected from a clay‐based, basaltic plain, agricultural soil at Grassmere, 300 km west of Melbourne, Australia. Significant heterogeneity (or preferential flow) of effluent moisture and solutes was detected (one‐way ANO VA, p < 0.001). Fifty percent of the applied nitrate and chloride leached from the soil core within three days after initial application. Hundred percent of the applied nitrate and chloride leached from the soil core within 8 days after application. These results indicate little incorporation into the soil matrix, and possible denitrification or mineralisation. In contrast, after 18 days, less than 1 % of the total applied phosphates leached from the soil, indicating strong adsorption. Our experiments indicate considerable heterogeneity in water flow patterns and solute leaching on a small spatial scale. Very rapid transport of nitrate and chloride through the soil was evident, in comparison phosphate leaching was negligible. These results have important implications for the management of nutrient schedules in agricultural soils, particularly those located in the Western District of Victoria, Australia.     

微型碎石管注桩治理深部软岩巷道底鼓新方法

针对造成巷道底鼓的物理和力学两种重要机制,研究并提出微型碎石管注桩治理深部软岩巷道底鼓的新方法。在物理机制方面,微型碎石桩具有渗透性极好的特点,在巷道施工和使用期间可汲取岩体中的渗水并透过碎石桩中的插管排出,从而降低软岩层因遇水膨胀导致的变形;在力学机制方面,微型碎石桩一方面通过钻孔置换出少部分底板软岩,从体量上减少变形岩体,另一方面能利用碎石桩体的侧向可压缩性耗散岩体水平变形,底板岩层中的水平地应力得以释放,极大减缓了促使底鼓变形的力学作用;通过微型碎石桩中的插管注浆加固底板岩体,提高了底板复合地基整体承载力。通过数值分析,阐明该方法在治理软岩巷道底鼓机制上的有效性。     

Metal inclusion in expanded clays

The possibility to include in expanded clay little amounts of metallic ions present in waste material, without significant influence on the environment, was investigated. In this article, known quantities of cadmium(II), lead(II), chromium(III), and chromium(VI) were added to a mixture of raw pit clay, adding a small amount of mineral oil. The resultant paste was heated at 1200°C, in conditions to provide the commercial product with the best characteristics of lightness. The obtained pellets were analyzed in two ways. A sample of expanded clay was crushed, added to with KNaCO₃ and melted. The melted mass, after cooling, was dissolved in HCl or in water and analyzed. The composition of the raw pit clay was analyzed as a blank. In parallel, pellets were subjected to a leaching process and the eluate was analyzed for the added cations. The concentration of the metal ions in the leached water is negligible compared with that generally admitted in drinking water.     

青春期会阴部软纤维瘤1例报道

目的:报道1例青春期会阴部软纤维瘤的临床特点及病理特点.方法:通过1例16岁女性软纤维瘤患者,结合文献报道,明确软纤维瘤的特点及治疗方法.结果:患者,女,16岁,发现会阴部肿物4年.专科体查:右侧大阴唇外下方可及一带蒂赘生物,约8.0×6.2×4.4 cm,蒂部细,直径约0.5 cm.病理诊断:软纤维瘤.结论:青春期会阴部软纤维瘤少见,它是一种良性肿瘤,应尽快手术治疗.图2,参8.     

元氏矿井东水仓软岩支护研究

介绍了围岩为软岩,受地应力影响情况下水仓为软岩时巷道的设计思路与支护方法,在传统支护形式不能起到有效的效果情况下,将地铁施工技术和井下常规支护相结合,控制井下水对围岩的破坏,通过预留一定的变形量,采取柔性支护和反底拱支护形式,允许巷道有一定的变形量,以抵消围岩的变形;同时将临时支护作为永久支护体的一部分,允许巷道有一定的抗变形能力,通过巷道底板的反底拱支护,控制巷道底鼓,增加巷道底板的强度,提高支护的整体能力.先通过临时柔性支护将围岩的应力释放与卸压,再进行永久刚性支护,刚、柔支护相结合,达到好的支护效果.