强冲击荷载作用下加无粘结预应力筋格栅坝动力响应分析

泥石流拦挡坝主要以增加自身刚度来提高其拦挡能力,但对于巨石块的碰撞,坝体刚度越大,其受冲击力也越大,相应的坝体结构破坏也越大。创新性地将无粘结预应力筋设置在普通格栅坝中,利用ABAQUS软件对普通格栅坝和加无粘结预应力筋格栅坝在相同冲击条件下(以10m/s的冲击速度)坝体被撞后动能的变化、加速度响应值、位移值和Von-mises应力进行了有限元数值模拟计算与对比分析。结果表明:加无粘结预应力筋格栅坝比普通格栅坝能吸收更多的冲击能量,冲击方向的加速度响应值更小,具有更好的抗冲击性能。     

脱硫脱硝技术展望

论述了脱硫脱硝技术现状 ,通过分析比较得出 :湿法脱硫投资和运行成本高 ,产生的副产品无法进行再利用 ;电子束烟气脱硫脱硝技术投资和运行比湿法脱硫低20%～30%,但需要严格庞大的放射线防护设施 ,电子加速器昂贵 ,电子能量损失大。笔者提出强电离放电可以将烟气中的SO₂ 氧化 ,然后生成固体微粒 (NH₄)₂SO₄,提高反应速率 ,简化流程 ,有望真正解决我国的SO₂ 和NO_x。      

响水风电基础地震动参数选取及抗震性能分析

响水风电场位于江苏省响水沿海滩涂地区,是国内目前单体较大的风电项目。本风电场是Ⅳ类场地条件对抗震不利,因此有必要对基础抗震性能进行验算。首先选取不同地震动参数进行了对比计算,计算表明根据风电场场区地形地貌、区域地质条件确定的地震动参数,考虑土层特性后,地震作用放大较多。然后针对在多遇地震和基本烈度地震两种情况下,综合考虑波浪力、风荷载的联合作用,对风电基础进行抗震验算,计算表明多遇地震烈度时,可满足现行建筑结构抗震规范的要求。基本烈度地震时,结构的应力、内力及其墩台处位移均满足抗震要求,但泥面处位移超过限制要求,泥面位移控制是抗震设计的主要目标。     

Wind farm and fauna interaction: detecting bird and bat wing beats through cyclic motion analysis

Recent Government announcements have implied that wind power will play a major part in providing energy for the UK (BBC 2007 BBC. 2007. Wind ‘could power all UK homes’ [online], British Broadcasting Corporation. Available from: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/7135930.stm [Accessed 20 January 2008] [Google Scholar]). However, there is much concern that wind farms can have a significant impact on flying fauna (bats and birds) using the area, particularly at night. As part of an Environmental Impact Assessment, thorough appropriate surveys are necessary for quantifying and minimising any risk wind farms may cause flying fauna. Manual surveys that are commonly used are not always cost‐effective, efficient or practical. Remote systems based on motion detection are increasingly being used to monitor wildlife.

Fast‐moving airborne targets such as aeroplanes can falsely trigger motion‐detection based remote systems. As birds and bats repetitively flap their wings, this oscillating motion can be used to distinguish them from other airborne targets. Time periods between wing oscillations are not always constant, and hence the motion is not periodic. A method to detect cyclic motion based on similarity matrices is proposed, and synthetic and real data are used.     

炼油厂碱渣废水络合萃取法脱酚实验研究

实验选用磷酸三丁酯(TBP)-煤油溶液为萃取剂络合萃取碱渣废水中的酚,研究了不同萃取剂浓度、pH值、温度及萃取比条件下体系的萃取性能;采取NaOH溶液对萃取剂进行反萃再生,研究了碱液浓度、温度及反萃取比对萃取剂再生效果的影响;确定了萃取与反萃取的最佳操作条件。实验结果表明,TBP-煤油溶液可以有效脱除碱渣废水中的高浓度酚,是一种良好的工业萃取脱酚剂。     

Heavy duty vehicles: Impact on the environment and the path to green operation

The increase in the number of heavy duty vehicles (HDV) is inherently accompanied by increase in congestion, pollutant emissions and energy use as well as infrastructure overuse, all of which have broad societal implications. In addition to affecting the environment, contributing markedly to global warming, significant implications for the health of many residents living along traffic corridors as well as increases in the cost of infrastructure maintenance are logical consequences. In this interdisciplinary work a holistic approach is presented for the assessment of the combined effects of HDV employing pollutant emissions, noise and dynamic load of vehicles as criteria. Results show that vehicles that are environmentally friendly due to their pollutant emissions are not necessarily environmentally friendly when their noise emissions are considered. Each relevant parameter has to be assessed individually. Using a proposed model, the parameters are combined to obtain a holistic impression of the vehicles’ total environmental footprint. This information can be used by policy makers to introduce a bonus/malus system that would encourage vehicles with a total low environmental footprint using the “polluter/user pays” principle.     

河南省人员密集场所建设工程抗震设防标准研究

汶川地震后,学校、医院等人员密集场所要按照高于本地区的抗震设防烈度进行抗震设防,常用的50年超越概率10％的抗震设防标准不能满足需求。本文基于《中国地震动参数区划图》,在河南省范围内,选择了已开展过工程场地地震安全性评价工作的50个场点,设计了两套概率水准,对每个场点进行地震危险性,借用每个场点50年超越概率100k的场地放大系数,计算各超越概率水准下的地面峰值加速度。通过对结果进行分析统计,综合确定河南省人员密集场所的抗震设防标准。     

强电离放电对铜绿微囊藻的杀灭效果

研究了不同曝气量、初始藻密度、放置培养时间、pH值和温度条件下强电场电离放电对铜绿微囊藻的杀灭效果.结果表明,在一定范围内,微囊藻灭活率随曝气量、初始藻密度、放置培养时间、pH值和温度的增加而增大.当曝气量为500 mL·min-1,初始藻密度为9×106mL-1,pH值为9.18,温度为317 K,放置培养时间为4 d,处理时间为10 min时,铜绿微囊藻的灭活率接近100.0%.     

近场地震动估计中高、低频地震动的叠加

研究了近场地震动场估计中高、低频地震动叠加过程中的4个问题,分别是高频地震动位移和速度时程的计算方法、滤波与微分或积分的顺序、叠加与微分或积分的顺序以及传递函数与叠加的顺序问题。最后,基于这4个问题的分析研究,提出了一个适合大型工程场地地震动估计的高、低频合成方案,该方案能在确保结算结果精度的同时最大程度地节省工作量。     

矩形和钟形震源时间函数对地震动模拟结果的影响比较

首先介绍了用于地震动数值模拟的国际通用软件COMPSYN程序,并对此进行了二次开发,将其震源时间函数由矩形函数改为钟形函数,通过与全空间的解析解计算结果的对比,验证了修改后程序的正确性.通过对比2种震源时间函数的频谱特点,指出矩形函数的高频成分丰富,不利于地震动的模拟.2种震源时间函数下用COMPSYN程序对同一观测点...