地铁火灾监控技术发展的德尔菲预见性分析

通过分析地铁火灾监控系统的结构组成和技术组成的发展情况,总结当前地铁火灾监控系统应用领域的各项技术,并以这些技术作为德尔菲调查问卷的内容,按照德尔菲调查的要求设计调查问卷,联络本领域资深专家进行德尔菲调查,统计专家的反馈信息,将反馈信息定量转化为计算值,计算各技术课题指标评价值,定量分析每个技术领域内技术课题影响地铁火灾监控系统发展的重要程度、各技术领域的专家认同重要程度以及技术课题预计实现时间;最终通过重要程度与专家认同重要程度计算出的综合认同重要程度,总结分析出信息处理领域、探测领域、报警和网络通信领域是制约地铁火灾监控系统发展最主要的因素,提出各技术领域的技术大部分都预计在2010-2020年之间实现,其中实现最快的是探测领域内的技术课题。     

临床药师对临床药学教育的建议的调查研究

目的:了解临床药师对临床药学教育的建议与意见.方法:采用信函邮寄的方式,问卷调查医院临床药学的开展情况、临床药师对临床药学教育的看法和建议,并对结果进行统计分析.结果:42家三级医院及大型综合性医院对问卷作出了应答,他们均开展了临床药学工作,都认为应改变原来偏化学的药学教育模式,加重生物医学和临床药学课程的比例,延长药学实践时间.结论:临床药学教育需进一步改革,以培养能满足临床需求的临床药学人才.     

贵州省环保产业现状调查及其发展探析

未来一段时间是贵州省环境保护产业发展的历史机遇期。然而目前省内环保企业普遍规模小,产业化程度低,环保服务业滞后,创新能力和技术成果转化能力弱,人才储备量小,相关支持政策不配套等现实问题比较突出。要因地制宜实施产业升级,人才培养,拓展企业融资渠道,完善产品标准体系,提高群众环保意识,使环保产业成为新一轮经济发展的增长点和新兴支柱产业,满足我省节能减排、发展循环经济和建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会需要。     

The Effect of Job and Environmental Factors on Job Satisfaction in Automotive Industries

A methodology was developed for diagnosing industrial work, which includes questionnaire, observation, measurements, data collection and statistical analysis. A survey was conducted to investigate the relationship between job satisfaction and factors that affect work design in 2 automotives manufacturing companies in Malaysia. A basic work design model was proposed. The aim of this model was to determine the factors that influence employees’ perception towards their work. A set of multiple-choice questionnaires was developed and data was collected by interviewing employees at a production plant. The survey focused on job and environmental factors. The results supported the proposed model and showed that job and environmental factors were significantly related to job satisfaction. They highlighted the significant influence of age, work experience and marital status on job satisfaction. Further, environmental factors, especially the surroundings, context dependence and the building’s function, also had a significant impact on job satisfaction.     

先期示范院校职业教育教学能力测评实施策略

通过梳理国家示范高职院校等先期建设院校的经验,认为测评实施的策略选择是组建专门领导机构;先培训后测评;分批进行,稳步推进;以项目课程开发为依托;与教师下厂实践相结合;注重测评成果的应用等。     

Public Attitudes Towards Policy Instruments for Congestion Mitigation in Shanghai

Abstract

Congestion causes many externalities for the society, including time delays, excessive fuel consumption, air pollution, noise and safety concerns. In Shanghai, various policy options have been explored, piloted or applied; however, not all of them may be understood and accepted by the public. A survey was conducted to investigate people’s attitudes towards several policy options. The main findings reveal that Shanghai residents are resistant to certain policies, such as congestion charges, higher parking charges in congested areas and car restrictions. Instead, they favor public transport provisions. The paper suggests that there is a case for promoting public transport and more efficient trips when the car ownership is still low, and for investing in a policy of educating the public on the ‘true’ costs and causes of congestion before embarking on an intensive policy of congestion charges or restrictions.     

The on-road experiences and awareness of sleepiness in a sample of Australian highway drivers: A roadside driver sleepiness study

Objective: Driver sleepiness contributes substantially to road crash incidents. Simulator and on-road studies clearly reveal an impairing effect from sleepiness on driving ability. However, the degree to which drivers appreciate the dangerousness of driving while sleepy is somewhat unclear. This study sought to determine drivers' on-road experiences of sleepiness, their prior sleep habits, and personal awareness of the signs of sleepiness.

Methods: Participants were a random selection of 92 drivers traveling on a major highway in the state of Queensland, Australia, who were stopped by police as part of routine drink driving operations. Participants completed a brief questionnaire that included demographic information, sleepy driving experiences (signs of sleepiness and on-road experiences of sleepiness), and prior sleep habits. A modified version of the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) was used to assess subjective sleepiness in the 15 min prior to being stopped by police.

Results: Participants' ratings of subjective sleepiness were quite low, with 90% reporting being alert to extremely alert on the KSS. Participants were reasonably aware of the signs of sleepiness, with many signs of sleepiness associated with on-road experiences of sleepiness. Additionally, the number of hours spent driving was positively correlated with the drivers' level of sleep debt.

Conclusions: The results suggest that participants had moderate experiences of driving while sleepy and many were aware of the signs of sleepiness. The relationship between driving long distances and increased sleep debt is a concern for road safety. Increased education regarding the dangers of sleepy driving seems warranted.     

Distribution and habitat characteristics of fishes in the Pearl River Estuary北大核心CSCD

To explore the current situation and distribution of fish in the eight major estuaries of the Pearl River Estuary in China, acoustic detection and water quality monitoring were conducted in 2018. The results showed that almost living in eight major estuaries were juvenile, the proportion of strong echo was higher in winter, and Jiaomen and Modaomen Estuary were relatively rich in adult fish. In winter, the Humen, Jiaomen, and Yamen Estuary had a high density relatively, for 46.05 (± 50.30), 33.12 (± 93), and 32 (± 78) ind/103 m3, respectively. However, the fish densities of the Hengmen, Modaomen, and Hutiaomen estuaries were higher in summer at 55.72 (± 83.23), 37.52 (± 55) and 36 (± 99) ind/103 m3, respectively. Thus, fish are mainly concentrated in the flood tidal estuary in winter and in the ebb tidal estuary in summer. In addition, fish density was higher in flood tide than in ebb tide, and the strong echo proportion was lower. In winter, the key water quality factors affecting the biodiversity of estuary fish Shannon were chlorophyll a (P < 0.05), while what affected the fish density were turbidity and salinity (P < 0.05). This study showed that the Pearl River estuary was still the main habitat for juvenile fish. However, habitat variability is obvious; hence, it is important to flexibly carry out the delimitation of estuarine fish reserves and ecological restoration. © 2022 Authors. All rights reserved.     

服务业员工安全行为模型构建与实证研究

为探索服务业员工安全行为的影响因素和作用机制,提升服务业安全绩效,本文首先采用结构方程模型方法构建服务业员工安全行为的假设模型;然后采用经过修订的信效度较高的成熟量表,在北京、上海等地的9家五星级酒店进行问卷调查;最后对研究假设进行实证检验,得到服务业员工安全行为的影响因素和作业路径。研究表明:服务安全主体中的服务安全培训、服务设备条件和员工身体状态对安全遵守行为产生直接影响,员工精神状态对安全遵守行为和安全参与行为均有直接影响。服务安全管理中的管理层重视度作用于服务作业流程和设备维护制度,经由服务安全主体影响员工安全行为。