CASS工艺用于建筑小区污水处理及中水回用

CASS工艺自身的优点以及建筑小区污水处理的特点,决定了CASS工艺在建筑小区污水处理及中水回用中的优势地位。详细阐述了CASS工艺的原理、运行控制过程中的主要问题以及主要的设计参数。     

网络环境下重要信息系统安全体系结构的研究

在阐述信息系统安全、信息系统安全体系结构的基本概念后,主要介绍信息系统安全研究内容,并对目前主流的几类安全体系结构进行对比分析;着重分析重要信息系统的特点和基于可信计算的终端安全体系结构优缺点,并在此基础上提出可信计算与安全机制相结合的方案,同时给出信息安全评估系统的安全体系结构的设计思路,为网络环境下重要信息系统的安全架构提供了一些新的思路。     

震后民用建筑重建质量监管机制研究

针对震后民用建筑重建质量监管缺失问题,从政府、社会、责任主体三维视角出发,构建了一套促进重建工程质量持续改进的监管机制,并分析该机制具有时空性、多维性、循环性三大特征。另外,为便于社会力量对震后民用建筑重建工程质量进行监督,构建了一套针对非专业人员的工程质量评价指标体系,并利用模糊综合评价法,通过实例验证了该指标体系的有效性。最后,提出了优化该质量监管机制的建议。     

有人/无人机协同森林灭火作战体系结构设计

有人/无人机协同灭火作为森林航空消防的全新模式是一项复杂的系统工程,以其为研究对象进行体系结构设计具有重要意义.该文以消防无人机、有人机行为模式和灭火能力分析为基础,综合考虑有人/无人机编队方法和控制流程,主要应用美国国防部架构框架的作战视点模型,重点分析各节点之间的交互关系及状态变化,创造性地构建了有人/无人机协同森...     

建筑垃圾对环境的影响及对策

近年来,我国建筑垃圾产生量剧增,对环境和社会的影响也越加严重。我国的建筑垃圾综合利用率较低,处理方式落后,对土地、水体、大气等环境要素造成一定影响。根据我国建筑垃圾及其处理现状,应从综合利用、技术研究、法律政策等方面加以规范和改善。     

城市水系生态景观规划设计研究

从景观生态学原理和景观的结构与功能出发,以武汉市汉阳水系为例,对湖滨带、沟渠廊道、滨水区绿地进行了景观规划和整体景观设计。案例研究表明:景观生态学可以很好地应用于城市水系的景观规划。     

北京市居家空气微生物粒径及分布特征研究

室内外空气微生物对人们健康的危害不仅与微生物的种类和浓度有关,而且还与微生物粒子的大小及粒径分布特征密切相关,并且不同粒径的空气微生物对人们健康影响的作用机制不同.在北京市不同方向选取31户有1～10岁儿童的家庭进行空气微生物取样,系统研究了室内家庭空气微生物粒径及分布特征.结果表明,室内空气细菌和真菌粒径分布特征不随家庭环境、季节特征、儿童性别、房屋结构的变化而变化,但空气细菌和真菌的粒径分布特征不同.总体上空气细菌和真菌粒径均呈对数正态分布,但空气细菌粒子百分比从Ⅰ级(>8.2μm)到Ⅴ级(1.0～2.0μm)逐渐增加,Ⅵ级(<1.0μm)细菌粒子百分比急剧下降,最高值出现在Ⅴ级,而空气真菌粒径百分比从Ⅰ级～Ⅳ级(2.0～3.5μm)逐渐增加,而后从Ⅳ级～Ⅵ级真菌粒径百分比急剧下降,最高值出现在Ⅳ级.不同优势真菌属的粒径分布也不相同,枝孢属、青霉属和曲霉属呈对数正态分布,最高值出现在Ⅳ级,而链格孢属为偏态分布,最高值出现在Ⅱ级(5.0～10.4μm).室内空气细菌的中值直径明显大于空气真菌,1 a中空气细菌和真菌春、夏、秋季的粒径明显大于冬季.     

Global optimization from suboptimal parts: foraging sensu lato by leaf-cutting ants

Central-place foraging theory has been unable to explain the load selection behavior of leaf-cutting ants (Atta spp., Attini: Formicidae). We suggest that this is due to incomplete consideration of the sequence of behaviors involved in resource acquisition by these ants. Unlike most central-place foragers, leaf-cutting ants do not return to their nests with food. Instead, the leaf fragments they gather must be processed within the nest to convert them to substrate for fungal gardens. We have shown previously that leaf fragment size affects the rate of distribution and processing of leaf tissue inside laboratory nests of Atta colombica. Including these tasks in the calculation of foraging rate may help explain load selection and other features of central-place foraging by Atta colonies. Here we develop a mathematical model of the complete sequence of external and internal tasks that lead to addition of substrate to fungal gardens. Using realistic parameter values, the leaf fragment sizes predicted to maximize a colony's rate of foraging in this broad sense correspond well with the mean fragment sizes actually collected by Atta colonies in the field. The optimal fragment size for global performance in the model is below the size that would maximize the delivery rate by above-ground foragers. The globally optimal size also fails to maximize the rate of either fragment distribution or fragment processing within the nest. Our results show how maximum collective performance of an ensemble of linked tasks may require behavior that would appear suboptimal in a piecemeal analysis of tasks.     

Analysis on sensitivity and landscape ecological spatial structure of site resources

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A Framework for Landscape Ecological Design of New Patches in the Rural Landscape

This study developed a comprehensive framework to incorporate landscape ecological principles into the landscape planning and design process, with a focus on the design of new patches in the rural landscape. The framework includes two interrelated phases: patch analyst (PA) and patch designer (PD). The patch analyst augments the process of landscape inventory and analysis. It distinguishes nodes (associated with potential habitat patches) from links (associated with corridors and stepping stones between habitats). For natural vegetation patches, characteristics such as size, shape, and spatial arrangement have been used to develop analytical tools that distinguish between nodes and links. The patch designer uses quantitative information and analytical tools to recommend locations, shapes, sizes, and composition of introduced patches. The framework has been applied to the development of a new golf course in the rural Mediterranean landscape of Apulia, Southern Italy. Fifty new patches of Mediterranean maquis (24 patches) and garrigue (26 patches) have been designed and located in the golf course, raising the overall natural vegetation area to 70 ha (60% of total property). The framework has potential for use in a wide variety of landscape planning, design, and management projects.