斜面夹具在ESS中的应用

环境应力筛选目前广泛地应用于电子产品的研发、试产和批量生产阶段,它对于提高产品的使用可靠性具有重要的作用。现实应用中,筛选的方式,多种多样,但效果不尽相同。本文探讨了一种采用斜面夹具进行振动或复合温度应力筛选的方式,对斜面夹具的物理结构作了介绍,并结合实际应用,剖析了斜面夹具的振动响应结果及其筛选效果。     

GJB4．7—83“舰船电子设备环境试验振动试验”和MIL—STD-167—1A“舰船设备的机械振动（Ⅰ类-环境振动）”的分析与对比

设备的振动试验不仅涉及到设备共振频率（或响应极值频率）和设备功能或结构完整性受影响的非响应极值频率（如任何出现结构、功能、机械或电气异常的频率）的确定,还有耐久试验频率及适当试验时间的选择。本文在对国军标GIB4．7-83誓舰船电子设备环境试验振动试验”与美军标MILSTD-167—1A“舰船设备的机械振动（Ⅰ类-环境振动）”比较和分析的基础上,提出了GJB47—83修订的必要性。     

江西干旱灾害研究

在江西,干旱灾害是仅次于洪涝灾害的第二大农业灾害,本文对江西干旱灾害的面积,频率,分布,危害及其成因等作了较全面的调查和分析,在此基础上提出了减轻江西干旱灾害的若干建议,可供有关部门参考。     

振动试验螺杆螺纹磨损变形分析

目的目的振动试验是力学环境试验中的重要组成部分,在固定待试产品时,螺杆是连接振动台台面和产品固定夹具的关键受力部件,目的在于研究振动环境对螺杆螺纹磨损变形的影响。方法以螺杆的螺纹在使用过程中的形态变化为关注点,通过改变振动量级、螺杆紧固力矩及试验次数等途径,借助图像处理方法,分析了螺纹齿峰的变化规律。结果果通过控制相关变量,振动量级、试验次数等因素对螺纹的磨损程度影响较小,而紧固力矩对螺纹的磨损程度影响突出。结论在振动试验中,较大的紧固力矩可引起螺杆螺纹发生明显磨损及变形,是螺杆螺纹发生机械损伤的主要因素。     

振动环境试验控制允差的剪裁应用

从工程应用的角度,本文分析讨论了GJB 150.16A对振动环境试验控制允差的要求。结果表明,GJB150.16A对控制允差的要求是灵活的,但是未规定RMS允差,容易造成过试验或欠试验,且对加速度谱密度的控制允差要求的表述存在着一定的模糊。文中给出了解决建议。     

Ultrasound assisted biogas production from landfill leachate

The aim of this study is to increase biogas production and methane yield from landfill leachate in anaerobic batch reactors by using low frequency ultrasound as a pretreatment step. In the first part of the study, optimum conditions for solubilization of organic matter in leachate samples were investigated using various sonication durations at an ultrasound frequency of 20 kHz. The level of organic matter solubilization during ultrasonic pretreatment experiments was determined by calculating the ratio of soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) to total chemical oxygen demand (tCOD). The sCOD/tCOD ratio was increased from 47% in raw leachate to 63% after 45 min sonication at 600 W/l. Non-parametric Friedman’s test indicated that ultrasonic pretreatment has a significant effect on sCOD parameter for leachate (p < 0.05). In the second part of the study, anaerobic batch reactors were operated for both ultrasonically pretreated and untreated landfill leachate samples in order to assess the effect of sonication on biogas and methane production rate. In anaerobic batch reactor feed with ultrasonically pretreated leachate, 40% more biogas was obtained compared to the control reactor. For statistical analysis, Mann–Whitney U test was performed to compare biogas and methane production rates for raw and pretreated leachate samples and it has been found that ultrasonic pretreatment significantly enhanced biogas and methane production rates from leachate (p < 0.05) in anaerobic batch reactors. The overall results showed that low frequency ultrasound pretreatment can be potentially used for wastewater management especially with integration of anaerobic processes.     

兰姆波飞机结冰传感器的最佳工作模态研究

首先建立了兰姆波在覆盖冰层的无限大各向同性板中传播的波速方程。通过数值计算获得了在覆盖不同冰层厚度下薄板中兰姆波的色散曲线。接着绘制了在给定检测频率下兰姆波波速随厚度变化的关系曲线图,进一步提出了兰姆波飞机结冰检测过程中最佳模态的选取方法。研究结果表明冰层厚度与兰姆波波速之间存在对应关系,可以通过判断各阶模态的耦合情况来选取最佳检测模态。     

Identifying the key factors in increasing recycling and reducing residual household waste: a case study of the Flemish region of Belgium

The competent waste authority in the Flemish region of Belgium created the 'Implementation plan household waste 2003-2007' and the 'Implementation plan sustainable management 2010-2015' to comply with EU regulation. It incorporates European and regional requirements and describes strategies, goals, actions and instruments for the collection and treatment of household waste. The central mandatory goal is to reduce and maintain the amount of residual household waste to 150 kg per capita per year between 2010-2015. In literature, a reasonable body of information has been published on the effectiveness and efficiency of a variety of policy instruments, but the information is complex, often contradictory and difficult to interpret. The objective of this paper is to identify, through the development of a binary logistic regression model, those variables of the waste collection scheme that help municipalities to reach the mandatory 150 kg goal. The model covers a number of variables for household characteristics, provision of recycling services, frequency of waste collection and charging for waste services. This paper, however, is not about waste prevention and reuse. The dataset originates from 2003. Four out of 12 variables in the model contributed significantly: income per capita, cost of residual waste collection, collection frequency and separate curbside collection of organic waste.     

缸内直喷汽油发动机电子装备振动环境试验的标准化和要点

对缸内直喷汽油发动机上装用的电子装备振动环境试验标准化过程和要点作了介绍.也列举了一些验证中可能产生影响的因素.供产品标准制修订和实验室在设计试验时参考.     

流域污染物通量测算方法研究

流域水系内污染物通量不仅能够用于评价各类污染源的水污染物入河负荷,也是对流域污染特征,水污染物在河流水体中复杂迁移、转化过程的最直观反应。准确测算流域水系内污染物跨界通量及其时空分布是进行流域水环境风险预警和风险管理的重要前提之一。针对目前多种污染物通量测算方法在进行污染物年通量估算时,结果不确定性大这一突出问题,以流域水质监测站年内逐日流量、悬浮颗粒物监测数据作为悬浮颗粒物年通量参考值,基于以月、半月、周为周期的监测策略,将逐日流量、悬浮颗粒物监测数据重新筛选抽样构造,由此,系统分析了不同流域集水面积、污染通量监测频次和目前常用通量估算方法对污染物年通量估算不确定性的影响。所得方法和结论可为进一步制定流域污染物通量的测算规范提供方法指引和技术支持。