Organochlorine residues in the avifauna of Tamil Nadu (Southeast coast of India)

Pollution due to persistent pesticides is not a regional but a global problem. Organochlorine pesticides are persistent chemicals, stored and accumulated in the tissues of a wide variety of invertebrates and vertebrates including marine species. In the present study the organochlorine residues HCHs, DDTs and PCBs were measured in different trophic groups of birds (scavengers, inland piscivores, coastal piscivores, insectivores, granivores and omnivores) collected from Tamil Nadu Coast, India. The residue accumulation as a function of sex did not depict distinct variation. However, females had lower residue levels than males in terms of their mean weight and feeding habits. A continuous monitoring programme is recommended to establish the studied organisms as indicator species.     

水体中卤乙酸（HAAs）的产生、测定方法与控制途径

对饮用水中普遍存在的消毒副产物形式HAAs的产生、测定方法以及控制途径进行了阐述。并对影响HAAs生成的主要因素投氯量、溴的影响以及卤乙酸副产物（HAAFP）含量等进行了分析。生物活性炭技术是一种非常有效的控制HAAs含量和减少HAAFP含量的方法，对于保障饮用水安全性具有重要意义。     

负载型金催化剂用于室温下CO的消除

从催化活性、抗潮湿、抗硫中毒、稳定性等方面考察了负载型金催化剂对于ＣＯ氧化反应的性能。筛选出的２－３催化剂可在－２２℃下完全消除ＣＯ，并且在催化活性、抗潮湿、抗硫中毒、稳定性等方面具有现行催化剂无法比拟的优点。     

Biological treatment of dye wastewaters using an anaerobic-oxic system

Three dye solutions, namely, C.I. Acid Yellow 17, C.I. Basic Blue 3, and C.I. Basic Red 2, were treated in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor followed by a semi-continuous aerobic activated sludge tank. When hydraulic retention time was about 12 hours, no significant color removal was observed in the aerobic stage. In the anaerobic stage, Acid Yellow 17, Basic Blue 3, and Basic Red 2 were removed by 20%, 72%, and 78%, respectively. To treat wastewater from a dye manufacturing factory with COD concentration of 1200 mg/l and Color of 500 degree (dilution factor), an UASB reactor (4.5 liters) and an activated sludge tank (5 liters, adjustable), COD and color were removed by more than 83% and 90% at a COD loading rate of 5.3 kg COD/m³-day in the anaerobic stage, and at the hydraulic retention time of 6-10 hours for the anaerobic stage and 6.5 for the aerobic stage. The anaerobic stage of the A/O system removes both color and COD. In addition, it also improves biodegradability of dyes for further aerobic treatment.     

Microbial community composition and electricity generation in cattle manure slurry treatment using microbial fuel cells: effects of inoculum addition

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a sustainable technology to treat cattle manure slurry (CMS) for converting chemical energy to bioelectricity. In this...     

Phosphate adsorption characteristics at the sediment–water interface and phosphorus fractions in Nansi Lake, China, and its main inflow rivers

Phosphorus fractions and phosphate adsorption characteristics of 16 sediments from a shallow freshwater lake (Nansi Lake, China) and its inflow estuaries were investigated. In the present study, the sediment phosphorus is fractionated into exchangeable P (exch-P), Al-P, Fe-P, Ca-P, organic P (OP), inorganic P (IP) and total P (TP). The results show that the total phosphorus (TP) content in the sediments ranges from 571.67 to 1,113.55 mg kg(-1), and calcium bound phosphorus (Ca-P) is the main fraction of IP. The biologically available phosphorus (BAP) ranges from 32.02 to 229.67 mg kg(-1) in the Nansi Lake sediments. Phosphate adsorption on the sediments mainly occurs within 10 h and is completed within 48 h. The content of native adsorbed phosphorus (omega(NAP)) varies greatly from 6.05 to 194.37 mg kg(-1), showing a significant correlation with the total maximal amount of phosphorus adsorbed (TQ(max)). Adsorption efficiency (m) ranges from 574.79 to 3,220.68 l kg(-1) and zero equilibrium phosphorus concentration (C(EPC)) ranges from 0.010 to 0.157 mg l(-1). After the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, the inherent phosphorus present in sediments will be a major threat to the diverted water quality and be a predominant factor determining the trophic status of the lake even if the external load is reduced.     

Development and Testing of 2D Finite Difference Model in Open Channels

This study develops a depth-averaged two-dimensional (2D) numerical model using a finite difference method (FDM) on a staggered grid. The governing equations were solved using the Marker and Cell method that was developed at the Los Alamos laboratories by Harlow and Welch in 1965. In the paper, an explicit FDM was used to solve the governing equations. A first-order approximation was used for the temporal derivative. Second-order central difference approximations were used for space discretization. The time step is limited by the Courant–Friedrichs–Lewy (CFL) condition. The time step used in this study depends on the grid spacing and velocity components in the x- and y-directions. The study is divided into two steps: the first step is to develop a depth-averaged 2D numerical model to simulate the flow process. The second constructs a module to calculate the bed load transport and simulate the river morphology in the areas that have steep slopes, torrents, and mountain rivers. Developed model was applied to the artificial channel and a flood event in the Asungjun River section of the mountainous Yangyang Namdae River (South Korea). General simulation results showed that the developed model was in good agreement with the observed data.     

Effect of Environmental Regulation on High-quality Economic Development in China—An Empirical Analysis Based on Dynamic Spatial Durbin Model

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In 2017, the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the concept of high-quality economic development, indicating that the...     

Protective effects of dietary betaine on intestinal barrier function and cecal microbial community in indigenous broiler chickens exposed to high temperature environment

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - High temperature environment causes reduction in productivity in broilers by disrupting the intestinal barrier function. This study aimed to...