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排序方式: 共有394条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
以自然资源"水冬瓜果油"为包膜材料,利用盆栽试验,共设5个处理,研究在有菊花吸收养分的情况下,水冬瓜(Idesia polycarpa maxim.var.vestita dies)油包膜材料在土壤中的降解性能及对土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明:水冬瓜油包膜材料随土壤含水量的增加,降解速率加快。种植菊花的土壤过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶、脲酶活性也呈现先上升、后下降的趋势。在土壤含水量为30%时,包膜材料半衰期只有62 d;在处理3(果油85%+调理剂15%)中,土壤过氧化氢酶、土壤蔗糖酶和脲酶数量增加最多。因此,水冬瓜果油85%+调理剂15%和土壤含水量30%,有利于土壤酶活性的提高,从而加快包膜材料的降解速度。 相似文献
2.
以市售无机膨胀型AB牌防火涂料为研究基础,复合了膨胀阻燃剂(APP-MEL-PER阻燃体系)、抑烟剂和助剂,进行了新型防火涂料的制备,当膨胀阻燃体系(APP-MEL-PER阻燃体系)以17∶6∶6的配比混合于该涂料中,其所占质量百分比为19%的时,防火性能最好.测试表明,该新型防火涂料烟密度等级6.77,指数下降了10,接近于国家标准1级.在248℃~400℃期间失重仅为12%,在390℃,有强烈的吸收峰,也表现了优异的阻燃性能.实现了APP-MEL-PER膨胀阻燃剂和AB牌涂料优配的目的. 相似文献
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Sait Elmas Desta A. Gedefaw Mikael Larsson Yanting Ying Alex Cavallaro Gunther G. Andersson Magnus Nydn Mats R. Andersson 《Advanced Sustainable Systems》2020,4(3)
The use of copper‐based chemicals to prevent biological growth has been widely practiced in the past. However, leaching of the copper has increased concentrations in ports and marinas, posing a risk to marine life and the environment. It is therefore timely to develop a sustainable antibiofouling coating that could replace conventional copper‐based paints. Herein, the use of cross‐linked polyethylene imine (PEI) coated on conducting carbon cloth electrodes as a material that can absorb copper from seawater and allow for controlled electrochemical release of copper as a biocide to prevent biofouling is proposed. The results show that the porous coating can store and release copper ions over multiple cycles by passing only 1 mA cm−2 current density through the electrode in artificial seawater. This could enable a closed‐cycle, copper‐based antifouling coating, i.e., a coating that uses the well‐established biocidal activity of copper, but without any net release to the ocean. 相似文献
5.
Natural surface coating samples (NSCSs) from the surface of shingles and surficial sediments (SSs) in the Songhua River, China were employed to investigate the relationship between NSCSs and SSs in fractions of heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd) using the modified sequential extraction procedure (MSEP). The results show that the differences between NSCSs and SSs in Fe fi'actions were insignificant and Fe was dominantly present as residual phase (76.22% for NSCSs and 80.88% for SSs) and Fe-oxides phase (20.33% for NSCSs and 16.15% for SSs). Significant variation of Mn distribution patterns between NSCSs and SSs was observed with Mn in NSCSs mainly present in Mn-oxides phase (48.27%) and that in SSs present as residual phase (45.44%). Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd were found dominantly in residual fractions (〉48%), and next in solid oxides/hydroxides for Zn, Pb and Cd and in easily oxidizable solids/compounds form for Cu, respectively. The heavy metal distribution patterns implied that Fe/Mn oxides both in NSCSs and SSs were more important sinks for binding and adsorption of Zn, Pb and Cd than organic matter (OM), and inversely, higher affinity of Cu to OM than Fe/Mn oxides in NSCSs and SSs was obtained. Meanwhile, it was found that the distributions of heavy metals in NSCSs and SSs were similar to each other and the pseudo-total concentrations of Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd in NSCSs were greater than those in SSs, highlighting the more importance for NSCSs than SSs in controlling behaviours of heavy metals in aquatic environments. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Sustainable Engineering》2013,6(6):349-365
Alternative fuels have numerous advantages compared to fossil fuels as they are renewable, biodegradable; provide energy security and foreign exchange saving besides addressing environmental concerns and socio-economic issues as well. Renewable fuels can be used predominantly as fuel for both transportation and power generation applications. Improved engine performance with reduced engine exhaust emissions is a major research objective in engine development. Today, the use of biomass derived producer gas is more relevant for addressing rural power generation and is a promising technique for controlling both nitric oxide (NOx) and soot emission levels. In view of this, exhaustive experiments on the use of Honge oil methyl ester (HOME)–Producer gas in a dual fuel engine have been carried out with an intension of improving its fuel efficiency. This paper mainly presents results on a single cylinder four stroke direct injection diesel engine operated in dual fuel mode using HOME–Producer gas combination with and without bio-ethanol addition and thermal barrier coating (TBC). Further, the results were compared with diesel–producer gas mode of operation. Experimental investigation on dual fuel operation using HOME+5% bioethanol (BE5)–Producer gas operation with TBC showed 12.35% increased brake thermal efficiency with decreased hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions and increased NOx emission levels compared to HOME–Producer gas mode of operation. 相似文献
8.
目的 基于机器学习分类算法快速评估有机涂层的防腐性能。方法 通过实验室加速试验模拟涂层真实的退化过程,并根据测得的电化学数据,分析不同退化阶段的等效电路元件参数。随后,采用随机抽样方法获取大量数据,用于机器学习模型训练。通过对比支持向量机(SVM)、k最近邻(k-NN)和随机森林(RF)3种不同的机器学习算法,以及多种输入特征集训练的涂层性能分类器模型的准确率,分析最适合用于涂层性能快速评估的机器学习算法和电化学特征。结果 根据不同输入特征训练的k-NN和RF模型均表现出良好的预测效果,而SVM模型的预测效果相对较差。根据不同频率范围训练的分类器模型中,在低频区表现最佳,而在高频区表现较差。结论 基于阻抗虚部、虚部+实部和阻抗模值3种输入特征训练的RF分类器模型的预测效果最准确。不同频率区间内,低频区的阻抗特征更能准确表征涂层性能。 相似文献
9.
目的 对航空发动机热端部件表面长效防护涂层W-200进行改进,研制高温稳定性更好且不易崩瓷的高温合金表面新型高温陶瓷涂层,解决W-200涂层在部分高温合金表面暴露出的易崩瓷、剥落问题。方法 通过调整膨胀系数、软化温度、析晶温度,来研制新型耐高温玻璃和耐高温填料,并制备新的高温陶瓷涂层浆料。结果 所研制的新型高温陶瓷涂层W-400能够满足在高温合金表面1 150~1 230 ℃顺利烧结,且具有更大的膨胀系数,可与高温合金基材的膨胀系数更匹配。同时,W-400的析晶温度区间为868~ 1 213 ℃,在析晶温度区间,涂层较W-200具有更好的高温稳定性,以及更优的抗热震、抗剥落性能,并可覆盖实际应用的温度范围。结论 新型高温陶瓷涂层W-400解决了目前W-200高温陶瓷涂层在航空发动机高温合金热端部件表面烧结后易崩瓷的问题。根据本项目的研究基础,对未来可研制出能够在其他金属表面1 250~1 400 ℃顺利烧结的耐温更高的新型高温陶瓷涂层提供了可能性。 相似文献
10.
《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,130(8):14-23
The application of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) as nanofertilizers may lead to the release of SeNPs into aquatic systems. However, the environmental behavior of SeNPs is rarely studied. In this study, using alginate-coated SeNPs (Alg-SeNPs) and polyvinyl alcohol-coated SeNPs (PVA-SeNPs) as models, we systematically investigated the aggregation and stability of SeNPs under various water conditions. PVA-SeNPs were highly stable in mono- and polyvalent electrolytes, probably due to the strong steric hindrance of the capping agent. Alg-SeNPs only suffered from a limited increase in size, even at 2500 mmol/L NaCl and 200 mmol/L MgCl2, while they underwent apparent aggregation in CaCl2 and LaCl3 solutions. The binding of Ca2+ and La3+ with the guluronic acid part in alginate induced the formation of cross-linking aggregates. Natural organic matter enhanced the stability of Alg-SeNPs in monovalent electrolytes, while accelerated the attachment of Alg-SeNPs in polyvalent electrolytes, due to the cation bridge effects. The long-term stability of SeNPs in natural water showed that the aggregation sizes of Alg-SeNPs and PVA-SeNPs increased to several hundreds of nanometers or above 10 µm after 30 days, implying that SeNPs may be suspended in the water column or further settle down, depending on the surrounding water chemistry. The study may contribute to the deep insight into the fate and mobility of SeNPs in the aquatic environment. The varying fate of SeNPs in different natural waters also suggests that the risks of SeNPs to organisms living in diverse depths in the aquatic compartment should be concerned. 相似文献