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研究了湘西地区常用的发酵鸡粪和有机磷肥施用对不同程度Pb、Cd复合污染土壤中乙三胺五醋酸(DTPA)提取态Pb(DTPA-Pb)、DTPA提取态Cd(DTPA-Cd)和土壤酶的影响,并研究了对于种植黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.)的影响。结果表明:(1)施用发酵鸡粪和有机磷肥均能显著改善土壤酸性,一定程度上提高土壤有机质含量。在加入质量浓度200mg/kg总Pb、2mg/kg总Cd复合污染土壤中施用有机磷肥,能有效钝化土壤DTPA-Pb、DTPA-Cd,但在400mg/kg总Pb、4mg/kg总Cd复合污染土壤中钝化效果有限,其优先钝化DTPA-Pb。施用发酵鸡粪不能有效钝化土壤DTPA-Pb、DTPA-Cd。(2)施用发酵鸡粪和有机磷肥均显著提高黑麦草鲜重。虽然施用有机磷肥能更有效的钝化土壤DTPA-Pb、DTPA-Cd,但对于黑麦草种植而言,施用发酵鸡粪能更有效的降低其对Pb和Cd的积累,并且主要积累到根部。(3)施用发酵鸡粪对土壤碱性磷酸酶活性、脱氢酶活性和脲酶活性有显著的促进作用。综合而言,湘西地区种植牧草黑麦草,施用发酵鸡粪比较合适,能有效改善土壤酸性,提高黑麦草鲜重和土壤酶活性,降低黑麦草对Pb和Cd的积累。 相似文献
2.
Heavy metals pollution in poultry and livestock feeds and manures under intensive farming in Jiangsu Province, China 总被引:53,自引:1,他引:53
The heavy metals pollution in poultry and livestock feeds and manures under intensive farming in Jiangsu Province was investigated. 97 feed and manure samples were sampled from 31 farming plants in 10 major cities of Jiangsu. 14 metals, including Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Ba, Co, Sr, Ti, As and Hg, were analyzed after samples acid digestion. The results showed that the most feed samples contained high concentration of metals exceeding National Hygienical Standard for Feeds. Meanwhile, it was found that Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd and Cr concentrations in animal manures were also high, for example, Cu concentration in a manure sample reached to as much as 1726.3 mg/kg. Heavy metals loading quantities in soil per year were then calculated when metals contaminated organic fertilizers were applied, and its effects on soil environmental qualitv were further evaluated. 相似文献
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1IntroductionTheprocesofaluminumelectrolysisisthemainsourceofenvironmentalpolutionofaluminumindustry.Withtheincreasingmarketd... 相似文献
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淮南潘北矿塌陷湿地土壤退化评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采煤带来的地面塌陷是极为重要的新生环境地质问题。以淮南潘北矿塌陷湿地为研究区域,其总氮(TN)含量平均水平为1.04g/kg,总磷(TP)含量平均水平为425mg/kg,在空间分布上均有从非季节性积水区向季节性积水区递减的趋势。土壤理化性质指标间总氮与有机质(SOM)含量呈极显著正向相关,与pH呈负向相关,与有效磷(AP)呈正向相关;总磷与有效磷表现为极显著相关;AP与有效钾(AK)、SOM都有很好的相关关系。通过应用相关分析和模糊数学的原理,以TN、TP、AP、AK和SOM等5个土壤肥力指标为基础,对该区域季节性积水区和非积水区土壤肥力进行数值化综合评价。季节性积水区IFI为0.463,非积水区IFI为 0.601,表明塌陷湿地形成后会加剧水域周边土壤的退化。 相似文献
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1 IntroductionGuizhouProvinceislocatedinsouthwestChinawithatotalareaof 176.2 8thousandsquarekilometers,ofwhich 87%ismountain ,10 %ishills,3%isriver,basinandplain .Guizhouisamountainousprovincewithrichmineralresources,amongwhichmercuryreserveranksfirstinChina,eveni… 相似文献
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采用溶胶凝胶法制备得到具有高稳定性和高电催化活性的含锡锑中间层的铅锑电极,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能量色散谱(EDS)、Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)、线性伏安测试(LSV)及循环伏安测试(CV)等测试方法对制备电极的物相结构、表面形貌、元素组成、比表面积及电催化性能进行分析表征,并考察了不同铅锑电极对二(2-乙基己基)磷酸酯废水的电催化降解性能及其稳定性。结果表明:含锡锑中间层的铅锑电极涂层主要为焦绿石型复合氧化物(Pb3Sb2O8.47)6.4,中间层表面的较大粗糙度及致密结构有利于提高电极稳定性,活性层表面的蜂窝状微孔结构使电催化性能显著增加。LSV及CV测试表明:含锡锑中间层的铅锑电极具有较好的电催化活性及导电性;该电极在电解二(2-乙基己基)磷酸酯废水2 h的COD去除率可达到92.5%,连续使用62 h后COD去除率能维持在91%以上,电极加速寿命可达到30 h,换算成一般工业电流密度(0.1 A/cm2)下的电极实际使... 相似文献
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最近,四川綦江县人民法院召开了公审大会,依法判处犯有重大责任事故罪的安稳乡二煤矿生产矿长、技术员张振邦有期徒刑2年,缓刑2年执行。 1985年4月,安稳乡二煤矿在掘井下运输大巷时,将部分农民饮用的大堰村头道河组的一股泉水打漏,曾两次组织井下工人堵水未成。1986年4月9日,该矿生产矿长、技术员张振绑在明知井下停电、停风、无法正常工作的情况下,仍指挥从未下过井、也没有受过井下安全教育的负责地面建筑的基建班,下井卷拱堵水。基建班工人下井后,因不懂井下安全知识,恰发生瓦斯事故,即向张振邦反映。张振弗却不派瓦斯检查员下井检测,继… 相似文献
8.
Prescreening teratogenic potential of chlorinated drinking water disinfection by products by using Hydra regeneration assay 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
PrescreeningteratogenicpotentialofchlorinateddrinkingwaterdisinfectionbyproductsbyusingHydraregenerationasayJiYuantangDepar... 相似文献
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10.
Stability of alpine timberline ecotone on Taibai Mountain,China 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
--Landscape
boundaries are always indicated by thevegetation boundaries. As an ecotone between closed
forest andtreeline, alpine timberline may respond to global climate changessensitively.
The stability of timberline and treeline depend notonly on climate change, but also on the
interaction of both sidesof the ecosystems. Three natural boundaries existing in
thetimberline transitional zone are recognized (1) timberline (upperlimit of closed
forest zone); (2) treeline (upper limit of treeislands zone); (3) tree-species line (upper
limit of individualtree growth). Paleobotanical and sedimentary evidences suggest
thatthere were several times of climate fluctuation during the Holoceneperiod in this
area. The timberline of Taibai Mountain must havemoved for four times on the millennium
scale. Being a stochasticoscillation boundary, treeline appears in a semi-stable
conditionon the century scale. The tree-species line is even more unstable,which appears
in an unstable status on the decades scale. Thecomparison of the stability within several
landscape boundaries,shed light on the sensibility of these communities to
variousperturbation and environmental heterogeneity, i.e., herb community is the most
sensitive one, which is followed by shrubs, and forestis the most stable one. Trees and
shrubs can adapt to rocky andpoor soils. On the contrary, alpine herbs are able to adapt
towetter and cooler soils. Finally, under a scenario of a temperatureof 1.5-4.5℃
increase, the present timberline will be relativelystable but treeline and tree-species
line will move upward. 相似文献