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Viatcheslav Moutavtchi Jan Stenis William Hogland Antonina Shepeleva 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2010,12(2):169-183
This article aims to develop a general model for the evaluation of ecological-economic efficiency that will serve as an information
support tool for decision making at the corporate, municipal, and regional levels. It encompasses cost-benefit analysis in
solid waste management by applying a sustainability promoting approach that is explicitly related to monetary measures. A
waste managements’ efficient decision (WAMED) model based on cost-benefit analysis is proposed and developed to evaluate the
ecological-economic efficiency of solid waste management schemes. The employment of common business administration methodology
tools is featured. A classification of competing waste management models is introduced to facilitate evaluation of the relevance
of the previously introduced WAMED model. Suggestions are made for how to combine the previously introduced EUROPE model,
based on the equality principle, with the WAMED model to create economic incentives to reduce solid waste management-related
emissions. A fictive case study presents the practical application of the proposed cost-benefit analysis-based theory to the
landfilling concept. It is concluded that the presented methodology reflects an integrated approach to decreasing negative
impacts on the environment and on the health of the population, while increasing economic benefits through the implementation
of solid waste management projects. 相似文献
2.
Veeriah Jegatheesan Nevelina Pachova Perlie Velasco Mohamed Ismail Mohammed Mowjood Sujithra Kaushaliya Weragoda Madhubhashini Makehelwala Ngo Thuy Diem Trang Bao-Trong Dang Cong-Sac Tran Thi-Kim-Quyen Vo Nguyen Thi Thu Trang Huy Pham Ma. Catriona Devanadera Antonina Torrens Xuan-Thanh Bui Phuoc-Dan Nguyen Amy Lecciones Kristhombu Baduge Shameen Nishantha Jinadasa 《环境质量管理》2023,32(3):335-365
Water quality is a critical challenge in Asia in the context of growing industrialization, urbanization, and climate change. Nature-based solutions (NbS) could play an important role in reducing urban water pollution, while generating multiple co-benefits that could make cities more liveable and resilient. In this regard, a number of pilot and demonstration projects have been set up to explore their potential across cities in Asia. Their effectiveness and impacts, however, have not been adequately documented, thus how they can be sustained, replicated and up-scaled remain poorly understood. This study aims to contribute to addressing this challenge by co-developing an integrated assessment framework and employing it to understand how existing evaluations of NbS in the region can be improved. It focuses specifically on a set of nature-based solutions that have been employed for water treatment across six cities in Southeast Asia (two in each Sri Lanka, the Philippines, and Vietnam), namely, floating wetlands, constructed wetlands and maturation ponds. The study also suggests specific methodologies for capturing a set of core indicators considered relevant for assessing the effectiveness and capturing the multi-faceted impacts of the examined NbS. 相似文献
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With the aim of improving effluent quality of waste stabilization ponds, different designs of vertical flow constructed wetlands and intermittent sand filters were tested on an experimental full-scale plant within the framework of a European project. The information extracted from this study was completed and updated with heuristic and bibliographic knowledge. The data and knowledge acquired were difficult to integrate into mathematical models because they involve qualitative information and expert reasoning. Therefore, it was decided to develop an environmental decision support system (EDSS-Filter-Design) as a tool to integrate mathematical models and knowledge-based techniques. This paper describes the development of this support tool, emphasizing the collection of data and knowledge and representation of this information by means of mathematical equations and a rule-based system. The developed support tool provides the main design characteristics of filters: (i) required surface, (ii) media type, and (iii) media depth. These design recommendations are based on wastewater characteristics, applied load, and required treatment level data provided by the user. The results of the EDSS-Filter-Design provide appropriate and useful information and guidelines on how to design filters, according to the expert criteria. The encapsulation of the information into a decision support system reduces the design period and provides a feasible, reasoned, and positively evaluated proposal. 相似文献
4.
Alla I. Perfileva Antonina G. Pavlova Baira B. Bukhyanova 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2018,53(7):464-468
The effect of various pesticides on the biofilm formation by the phytopathogenic bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. sepedonicus (Cms), the potato ring rot causative agent, was explored for the first time. Systemic herbicides: 2,4-D, diuron, glyphosate, clopyralid, fluorodifen, as well as the commercial preparations “Lazurite,” “Ridomil Gold,” and the mitochondria inhibiting pesticides analog, sodium monoiodoacetate, were studied. These pesticides' effect on the Cms biofilm formation was shown to be distinct and dependent on the agent under question. Cms biofilm formation was reduced when exposed to sodium monoiodoacetate, as well as “Lazurite” preparation, that could be due to the bactericidal effect of these agents. 2,4-D and “Ridomil Gold” preparation stimulated the biofilm formation. Systemic herbicides diuron, glyphosate, clopyralid, fluorodifen did not exert appreciable influence on the process of bacterial biofilm formation. 相似文献
5.
Patricia N. Pochelon Henrique Queiroga Guiomar Rotllant Antonina dos Santos Ricardo Calado 《Marine Biology》2011,158(9):2079-2085
In Portuguese waters, Nephrops norvegicus larvae hatch at 400–800 m depth and need to perform a vertical migration to food-rich shallower waters to find suitable prey.
The effect of suboptimal feeding on digestive enzymes activity of N. norvegicus larvae during this early period of their larval life remains unknown. Protease and amylase activities were investigated ex situ using flurometry in laboratory-hatched larvae exposed to different feeding and/or starving scenarios in the 24 h following
hatching, the period during which they typically accomplish their upward vertical migration. Amylase activity was very low
in comparison with protease activity, indicating that carbohydrates are not a primary energy reserve. Larvae starved for 12 h
and subsequently fed displayed no increase in amylase activity, which suggests that feeding may be required before 12 h post-hatch
to trigger amylase activity. Protease activity was high under all feeding conditions, and the increase in protease activity
under sustained starvation indicated the catabolism of protein reserves. The ability of first-stage N. norvegicus larvae to metabolize protein reserves may play a decisive role for their survival during their first vertical migration,
as it enables them to overcome the deleterious effects of short-term starvation and/or suboptimal feeding. 相似文献
6.
Viatcheslav Moutavtchi Jan Stenis William Hogland Antonina Shepeleva Håkan Andersson 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2008,10(1):62-70
A cost methodology is proposed for evaluating the ecological-economic efficiency of a municipal solid waste management scheme
based on the recommendations of cost-benefit analysis and the full-cost accounting methodology for municipal solid waste management.
The methodology employs the previously introduced waste managements’ efficient decision (WAMED) model and the company statistical
business tool for environmental recovery (COSTBUSTER) indicator. A case study presents the practical application of the proposed
cost-benefit analysis-based theory to the landfilling concept currently applied in Kalmar, Sweden. It is concluded that the
presented provisions for evaluation of the ecological-economic efficiency of a municipal solid waste management scheme reflect
a novel integrated approach to solving the problem of simultaneously decreasing the negative impacts of municipal solid waste
on the environment and the health of the population while providing an information support tool for decision making in municipal
solid waste management at regional and municipal levels to improve small-and medium-sized company competitiveness in particular. 相似文献
7.
Patricia N. Pochelon Teresa Lopes da Silva Alberto Reis Antonina dos Santos Henrique Queiroga Ricardo Calado 《Marine Biology》2011,158(12):2825-2833
The present study investigated the existence of inter-individual and within-brood variability in the fatty acid (FA) profile
of developing embryos of Nephrops norvegicus. In all surveyed females (n = 5), the quantitatively most important FAs were as follows: 22:6n-3 (20.8 ± 3.9% average of total FA ± standard error),
18:1n-9 (19.5 ± 2.0%), 16:0 (15.2 ± 3.4%), 20:5n-3 (10.2 ± 1.4%), 16:1n-7 (8.9 ± 1.6%), and 18:1n-7 (5.7 ± 1.3%). Differences
in FA profiles of embryos in the same clutch were assessed using brooding chamber side (left and right) and pleopod (1st and
2nd, 3rd and 4th, and 5th) as predictive factors. There were no significant differences in the FA composition of embryos sampled
from both sides of the brooding chamber in 4 of the 5 surveyed females. However, all females exhibited significant differences
in the FA profiles of embryos sampled from different pleopods. Both saturated FA (SFA) and highly unsaturated FA (HUFA) present
in developing embryos exhibited marked differences along the breeding chamber. Overall, FA reserves appeared to vary significantly
within broods, which can ultimately be reflected on early larval survival. A potential cause for the within-brood variation
recorded in the FA profile of developing embryos include (1) differential female investment during ovarian maturation, mainly
due to variation in food quality/availability; (2) differential lipid catabolism during the incubation period of developing
embryos, as a consequence of embryos position within the female’s brooding chamber; or (3) differential female investment
during ovarian maturation amplified by differential lipid catabolism during the incubation period. 相似文献
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