Photochemical Smog Modelling Using the Air Pollution Chemical Transport Model (TAPM-CTM) in Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam

Environmental Modeling & Assessment - This paper describes the application of the air pollution model (TAPM-CTM) for photochemical airshed modelling in the Ho Chi Minh region. The model was...     

Contamination of groundwater and risk assessment for arsenic exposure in Ha Nam province, Vietnam

The characteristics of arsenic-contaminated groundwater and the potential risks from the groundwater were investigated. Arsenic contamination in groundwater was found in four villages (Vinh Tru, Bo De, Hoa Hau, Nhan Dao) in Ha Nam province in northern Vietnam. Since the groundwater had been used as one of the main drinking water sources in these regions, groundwater and hair samples were collected in the villages. The concentrations of arsenic in the three villages (Vinh Tru, Bo De, Hoa Hau) significantly exceeded the Vietnamese drinking water standard for arsenic (10 microg/L) with average concentrations of 348, 211, and 325 microg/L, respectively. According to the results of the arsenic speciation testing, the predominant arsenic species in the groundwater existed as arsenite [As(III)]. Elevated concentrations of iron, manganese, and ammonium were also found in the groundwater. Although more than 90% of the arsenic was removed by sand filtration systems used in this region, arsenic concentrations of most treated groundwater were still higher than the drinking water standard. A significant positive correlation was found between the arsenic concentrations in the treated groundwater and in female human hair. The risk assessment for arsenic through drinking water pathways shows both potential chronic and carcinogenic risks to the local community. More than 40% of the people consuming treated groundwater are at chronic risk for arsenic exposure.     

长江源头的小流域综合治理及其效能

孟宗沟小流域是长江源头高寒牧区水土流失综合治理试点。通过沟道与坡面两方面的治理，工程措施与生物措施相结合，增加地面、坡面植被，栏蓄径流，减少泥沙下泄，在防护效能上取得了显著成果。     

Mechanism and catalytic performance for direct dimethyl ether synthesis by CO2 hydrogenation over CuZnZr/ferrierite hybrid catalyst

Direct synthesis of dimethyl ether(DME) by CO₂ hydrogenation has been investigated over three hybrid catalysts prepared by different methods:co-precipitation,sol-gel,and solid grinding to produce mixed Cu,ZnO,ZrO₂ catalysts that were physically mixed with a commercial ferrierite(FER) zeolite.The catalysts were characterized by N₂ physisorption,X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),temperature programmed...     

兰州市气象要素对大气质量影响力的模拟分析

为了弄清气象要素对大气质量的影响以及大气污染反弹的原因,通过对兰州市冬春之际气象要素对大气质量影响力的模拟分析,建立了气象要素与大气质量间的模拟模型,并应用该模型对兰州市大气污染指数进行预测分析。结果表明,该模型计算精度高,预测结果真实可信,方法可行性好,可用来模拟分析兰州市冬春之际空气污染的成因和动态变化。     

一株硝基苯高效降解菌的筛选及其降解特性

自南京化工厂下水道底泥和废水处理系统曝气池活性污泥中驯化分离得到一株能快速降解硝基苯的菌株,初步鉴定其为不动杆菌属菌株。该菌株降解硝基苯的最适宜环境条件为温度25℃～35℃,pH7～8,振荡速率大于120r/m。在适宜环境条件下,该菌株能够在24h内全部降解初始浓度不超过400mg/L的硝基苯,该浓度范围内硝基苯的降解过程符合零级动力学特征;当硝基苯的初始浓度超过400mg/L时,降解菌的生长受到毒害作用,该浓度范围内硝基苯的降解在开始有一个明显的停滞期,降解过程不再符合零级或一级动力学特征。     

Exclusion of citrullinaemia in the first trimester of pregnancy by direct assay of argininosuccinate synthetase in chorionic villi

Citrullinaemia was presumed to be excluded in a fetus at risk by the direct assay of argininosuccinate synthetase in chorionic villi. The diagnosis was confirmed after amniocentesis by normal argininosuccinate synthetase activity in the cultured amniotic fluid cells and by a normal citrulline concentration in the amniotic fluid. The prediction of a normal fetus was confirmed at term by the birth of a non-citrullinaemic boy.     

宜兴市清源污水处理厂升级改造工艺设计

宜兴市清源污水处理厂升级改造工程设计规模5×104m3/d,采用强化生物脱氮、机械微过滤(盘片过滤)工艺,利用现有池容进行内部改造,同时增加深度处理设施,提高出水标准,改造后出水ρ(COD)、ρ(BOD5)、ρ(SS)、ρ(NH3-N)、ρ(TN)和ρ(TP)平均值分别为34,6,5,1.3,10.3和0.36mg/L,各项水质指标均达GB18918-2002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》一级A标准。     

Prenatal diagnosis of omphalocele and gastroschisis by ultrasonography

As the use of ultrasonography has become a routine procedure in the care of pregnant women, fetal congenital malformations have been frequently diagnosed prenatally. During a 4-year period abdominal wall defects (AWD) were diagnosed in 14 cases, five were gastroschises and nine were omphaloceles, seven females and seven males. Concomitant malformations were present in one case of gastroschisis and in five cases of omphalocele. Eleven AWD's were diagnosed in the second trimester and six pregnancies were interrupted. Eight children with AWD were born; two boys with omphalocele and one girl and one boy with gastroschisis are still alive. Alpha-fetoprotein was determined in amniotic fluid in 11 cases and also in maternal serum prior to the amniocentesis in eight cases. Chromosomal investigations were performed in 13 cases, 11 on amniotic fluid cells and two on lymphocytes from a blood sample made postnatally. Two abnormal karyotypes, 47,XX + 18 were found.     

铁氧体法处理锂电池废液及其产物臭氧催化性能

利用共沉淀法将锂电池废液中的有价金属(Me:Co、Ni、Mn)固定在铁氧体晶格中,得到一种掺杂钴镍锰的铁氧体,不仅可以去除废液中的金属污染物,还可作为理想的臭氧氧化催化剂。研究表明,在T=90 ℃,Fe/Me(摩尔比)=20的条件下,掺杂钴、镍的铁氧体最佳pH为9,掺杂锰的铁氧体最佳pH为11。进一步分析了在不同pH条件下,铁氧体形成α-Fe2O3、γ-Fe2O3、Fe3O4 3种晶型的原因并探讨钴镍锰掺杂的铁氧体对臭氧催化降解苯酚效率的影响。