Sustainable utilization of industrial wastes in controlled low-strength materials: a review

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The construction industry is experiencing an increasing demand for sustainable alternative materials. There is huge scope for converting the...     

Hele-Shaw beach creation by breaking waves: a mathematics-inspired experiment

Fundamentals of nonlinear wave-particle interactions are studied experimentally in a Hele-Shaw configuration with wave breaking and a dynamic bed. To design this configuration, we determine, mathematically, the gap width which allows inertial flows to survive the viscous damping due to the side walls. Damped wave sloshing experiments compared with simulations confirm that width-averaged potential-flow models with linear momentum damping are adequately capturing the large scale nonlinear wave motion. Subsequently, we show that the four types of wave breaking observed at real-world beaches also emerge on Hele-Shaw laboratory beaches, albeit in idealized forms. Finally, an experimental parameter study is undertaken to quantify the formation of quasi-steady beach morphologies due to nonlinear, breaking waves: berm or dune, beach and bar formation are all classified. Our research reveals that the Hele-Shaw beach configuration allows a wealth of experimental and modelling extensions, including benchmarking of forecast models used in the coastal engineering practice, especially for shingle beaches.     

Effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on secondary sludge and anaerobic biomass to enhance biogas production

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Anaerobic digestion studies were carried out with tannery excess secondary sludge obtained from common effluent treatment plant. The excess sludge...