Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Recognizing the vulnerable areas for contamination is a feasible way to protect groundwater resources. The main contribution of the paper is... 相似文献
The purpose of this study was to develop a novel one-step method for the time-weighted average determination of 1,1-dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) in the air followed by spectrophotometric detection. For this reason, 0.1% hydrochloric acid as the absorbent was used in hollow fiber (HF) membrane for sampling of UDMH from an atmospheric standard chamber. Response surface methodology (RSM) with central composite design (CCD) was used to optimize the sampling parameters, such as flow rate and sampling time. Moreover, several analytical parameters including breakthrough (BT) volume, storage time, and carryover effect of the proposed HF were investigated. The results showed that optimal sampling rate was 9.90 mL/min. In order to validate the proposed method, it was compared with the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) 3515 method, which showed good compatibility between the two methods. Intra- and inter-day repeatability values of the HF method were in the range 0.082–0.1 and 0.091–0.12, respectively, and the limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantitation (LOQs) were 0.002 and 0.006 ng/mL, respectively. The storage time of the proposed HF was 7 days at 2 °C. These results demonstrated that the one-step HF membrane offered a high sensitivity for sampling of UDMH in air. 相似文献
This study aims to investigate a practical bibliometric analysis and discuss its trends to evaluate the global scientific production of vermicompost research from 1993 to 2017 and explain its several advantages to our environment and waste management. The data were from the database of the Science Citation Index (SCI) published by the ISI Web of Science and illustrated by Excel and VOS viewer. According to the 2174 publications, this article was conducted based on four significant aspects, including publications growth trends, countries/territories, categories and journals, and keywords co-occurrence network analysis. This study revealed remarkable positive growth trends of the research and the number of articles related to vermicompost over the last 24 years with more countries participating in this field. Although the USA has the most collaboration with other countries, developing countries such as India, which was the most productive one, made significant progress in sharing articles within the study period. Based on analyses of dominant categories, the most common subject category was Environmental Science, and the most productive journal was Bioresource Technology. Finally, we analyzed author keywords to the extracted research article emphasis. The results showed that mainstream research claim vermicomposting with the help of Eisenia fetida earthworms which converts several wastes such as sewage sludge to a soil improvement fertilizer. It is an essential approach to eliminate heavy metals from the wastes and provide essential nutrients to improve the growth and yield of plants.
Although mismanagement of groundwater resources has resulted in their destruction over centuries, climate change is speeding up this process more than ever. On the one hand, urgent action by government bodies is needed to address the challenge. On the other hand, a vast body of literature proves that bottom-up collective action, although requiring a longer time period, is a better solution to manage such resources. This research aims to address this dilemma. The groundwater resource in Ardabil plain in Iran, which has long been managed solely through government intervention, has been chosen as a case study to explore the opportunities and limitations of managing a critically endangered area from a common pool resource perspective. Our study suggests that managing Ardabil groundwater resources should be conducted on two scales. The bottom-up institutional agreements should take place at village scale while the government should stay in charge of the overall organization at plain scale. 相似文献
Hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction based on carrier-mediated transport for analysis of methyl hippuric acids in aqueous samples is described. Under optimized conditions, relative recoveries of 83%–98% and limits of detection of 2–3 µg L?1 were obtained, with linear calibration curves for the three isomers in the range of 10–50,000 µg L?1. The method was applied for the determination of urine samples of volunteers at various working environments. 相似文献
Food and Environmental Virology - Side by side air sampling was conducted using a PTFE filter membrane as dry sampler and an impinger containing a suitable culture medium as a wet sampler. Most of... 相似文献
Excessive use of agrochemicals in conventional crop management has caused serious environmental and health problems including
loss of biodiversity and human disorders. A number of chemical biocides have shown complex chronic effects such as change
in endocrine functions and immune systems. Application of different chemical biocides to the soil and plants have increased
substantially over the last five decades. Total consumption of chemical fertilizers worldwide increased tenfold from 1950
to 2000. This is also true for chemical biocides with its annual current use of 3 billion l and a value of 30 billion dollars.
There are ample evidences indicating that plants which grow in rich soil associated with N-P-K availability are prone to pests
and diseases. Managing and exploiting soil environmental conditions as part of an integrated control strategy can make a significant
contribution to agricultural sustainability and environmental quality. Application of organic matter and practises which increase
the total microbial activity in the soil might enhance general suppression of pathogens by increasing competition for nutrients.
Choice of crops in rotation with plants less susceptible to specific pathogens causes a decline in population due to natural
mortality and the antagonistic activities of co-existent root zone microorganisms. Plants growing in disease-suppressive soil
resist diseases much better than in soils with low biological diversity. Understanding the effect of soil environmental factors
on plant disease incidence and the best crop management strategies to prevent, avoid, escape and control diseases were the
aims of this literature review. This article comprises the main topics on soil fertility associated with N-P-K and other macro-
and micro nutrients, and also soil pH, structure and texture, organic matter and microbial reserves, describes the use of
various crop management practises which reduce the incidence of plant diseases. 相似文献
Environment, Development and Sustainability - This study is an attempt to develop ecotourism in Nehbandan County, in the South Khorasan Province, Iran, by representing unknown areas that have... 相似文献
This paper depicts the method used to quantify the environmental impact of mining activities in surface mine projects. The affected environment was broken down into thirteen components, such as Human health and immunity, Surface water, Air quality, etc. The effect of twenty impacting factors from the mining and milling activities was then calculated for each Environmental Component. Environmental assessments are often performed by using matrix methods in which one dimension of the matrix is the “Impacting Factor” and the other one is the “Environmental Components”. For the presented matrix method, each Impacting Factor was first given a magnitude between −10 and 10. These factors are used to set up a matrix named Impacting Factor Matrix, whose elements represent the Impacting Factor values. The effects of each Impacting Factor on each Environmental Component were then quantified by multiplying the Impacting Factor Matrix by Weighting Factor Matrix. The elements of the weighting factors matrix reflect the effects of each Impacting Factor on each Environmental Component. The outlined method was originally developed for a mining and milling operation in Iran, but it can successfully be used for mining ventures and more general industrial activities in other countries in accordance to their environmental regulations and laws. 相似文献
Journal of Polymers and the Environment - In this study, we produced a novel chemical cross-linked Guar gum/Poly(methylvinylether-alt-maleicacid) (GG/PMVE-MA) hydrogels with various blending weight... 相似文献