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排序方式: 共有295条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Mizukami-Murata Satomi Suzuki Yuji Sakurai Kensuke Yamashita Hiromasa 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(47):66901-66913
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Nylon powders are a type of microplastic (MP) used in personal care products such as cosmetics and sunscreens. To determine the effects of nylon... 相似文献
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Wastewater treatment with multilayer media of waste and natural indigenous materials 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Rahman MA Ahsan S Kaneco S Katsumata H Suzuki T Ohta K 《Journal of environmental management》2005,74(2):107-110
Wastewater treatment using waste materials (refuse concrete, waste paper and charcoal) and natural indigenous rocks (andesite, limestone, granite and nitrolite) in the form of multilayer media was investigated. The removal of suspended solids (SS), phosphate ion, nitrate ion, ammonium ion, toxic metals and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were evaluated for the multilayer wastewater treatment system. Effective removal of heavy metals such as cadmium, chromium, mercury and lead was demonstrated. SS and phosphate ion were removed with relatively high efficiency and the COD after treatment was lessened using certain combinations of media. The present wastewater treatment system is simple, convenient and low cost. Therefore, this method can be applied in small scale plants for wastewater treatment in local and nonexclusive areas. 相似文献
5.
Ariffin Faisal Bin Ishii Kazuei Sato Masahiro Ochiai Satoru 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2021,23(1):371-385
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - A new concept of a reward system by two e-money-incentive systems aimed at improving separation at source toward reducing residual waste generation... 相似文献
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Loss of zooxanthellae (dinoflagellate Symbiodinium) from corals will sometimes lead to mass mortality of corals. To detect and quantify Symbiodinium released from corals, we developed a zooxanthellae “trap” and a quantitative PCR (qPCR) system with Symbiodinium clades A–F-specific primer sets. The trap was attached to a branch or the surface of several wild stony corals, and the water
samples within the traps, including released Symbiodinium, were subjected to qPCR. All tested corals released clade C Symbiodinium at estimates of ~5,900 cells h−1 cm−2 of coral surface. Although all tested Pocillopora eydouxi harboured both clades C and D, some of these colonies released only clade C or released a lesser amount of clade D than that
in the tissues. Our Symbiodinium quantification system revealed that wild hermatypic corals constantly release Symbiodinium to the environment. Our result suggests that some corals may discharge certain clades of Symbiodinium alternatively. 相似文献
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Makino Yamada Yamanoshita Masahiro Amano 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2012,17(4):425-440
It has been recognized that the involvement of local community is essential to ensure the sustainability of A/R CDM (afforestation/reforestation
clean development mechanism) project. This study verifies if the risks of non-permanence and leakage are addressed in a registered
small scale A/R CDM project in Vietnam. Workshops, interviews, and a questionnaire survey of local villagers revealed that
the project has caused a shortage of land for conventional activities such as grazing, fuel wood collection and shifting cultivation,
and consequently posed the risks of project non-permanence and leakage. It is suggested that participation of all stakeholders
in the community to the A/R CDM project beyond existing land tenure and adequate carbon benefit sharing according to the level
of contribution to the project are required to reduce the risk of non permanence. To ensure the participation, the community
should have capability such as consensus building and collective action. Leakage would be minimized if the community has alternative
measures to the conventional activities before starting the project. We argue that it is necessary to first develop a community’s
capabilities in the readiness phase of any A/R CDM project in order to reduce the risks for the project sustainability, and
that new sources of funding are needed for this purpose. 相似文献
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In order to study the interactions in a model aquatic microcosm, an individual-based computer simulation model was developed. The microcosm consists of Euglena gracilis as an autotroph algae, Tetrahymena thermophila as a heterotroph protozoa and Escherichia coli as a saprotroph bacteria. There exists a strong interaction between Tetrahymena and E. coli as the first is the predator of the second. Ecological toxicity tests were conducted to test the population level impacts of the biological effects of radiation and toxicants on the lethality and mobility factors that influence directly or indirectly growth and reproduction. Radiological effects on lethality of E. coli individuals were translated to the reduction of the equilibrium population of Tetrahymena. A synergistic effect at the community level was also observed by the simulation of a combined exposure of radiation and a toxicant which reduced the feeding efficiency of Tetrahymena. 相似文献
9.
Ishii N Sakashita T Takeda H Kubota Y Fuma S Doi M Takahashi S 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2007,97(2-3):159-167
Extracellular DNA is omnipresent in aquatic environments and is thought to be a genetic material for horizontal gene transformation between microorganisms. We studied the impact of gamma irradiation on the transformation efficiency (transformants number per ng of DNA per ml) of extracellular DNA. Plasmid pEGFP as a model extracellular DNA was irradiated by gamma rays. The transformation efficiency decreased with the increase in radiation dose. A total dose of 10Gy is normally not lethal for microorganisms but certainly affects the transformation efficiency of extracellular DNA. The decrease in the efficiency would be induced by strand breaks of extracellular DNA because the yield of both single-strand breaks (SSBs) and double-strand breaks (DSBs) increased with the increase in radiation dose. The relative transformation efficiency of SSBs and DSBs to that of covalently closed circles (CCCs) was 30.3% and 0.2%, respectively. This impact on natural transformation suggests an inability of microorganisms to acquire new characteristics which should be normally acquired. 相似文献
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The system of radiological protection of the environment that is currently under development is one contribution to the general need to adequately protect the environment against stress. Dominated by operational goals, it emphasizes conceptual and methodological approaches that are readily accessible today: reference organisms supported by individual-based traditional ecotoxicological data. Whilst there are immediate advantages to this approach (pragmatism, consistency with other approaches in use for man and biota), there are also clear limitations, especially in a longer run perspective, that need to be acknowledged and further considered. One can mention a few: uncertainties generated by the need for various extrapolations (from lower to higher levels of biological organisation, …), various features missed such as potential ecological impact through impairment of ecosystem processes, trans-generational impacts as mediated through genomic instability, indirect effects mediated through trophic interactions or disruption of ecological balances,… Such limitations have already been faced in other fields of environmental protection against other stressors, pushing a number of environment professionals to assign stronger emphasis on more systemic approaches. This review discusses the advantages and limitations of the current approach designed for the radiological protection of non-human biota in the broader context of environment protection as a whole, with especial reference to upcoming trends and evolutions. This leads in particular to advocating the need to boost scientific and methodological approaches featuring the ecosystem concept as a mean to access a unified goal of protection: preserving life sustainability through protection of ecosystem structure and functioning. 相似文献