Spatial distribution of health risks for residents located close to solvent-consuming industrial VOC emission sources

Emissions derived from the consumption of organic solvents have been proven to be the primary industrial source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In conjunction with epidemiologic studies, water-based paints (WBPs) and solvent-based paints (SBPs) were selected as representatives of newly developed solvents and traditional solvents, respectively, to simulate the effects of consuming solvents emitted during industrial production. And non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks to residents near emission sources were studied in detail. The results showed that the spatial distribution of health risks varied with meteorological conditions and type of emission source, and the prevailing wind direction strongly affected the distribution range and shape of the influenced area. The areas of influence maximized on heavy-polluting days for both WBP and SBP emission sources with the total span reaching 804 m and 16 km, respectively; meanwhile, the areas of influence for carcinogenic risk resulting from WBP emission sources were 1.2 and 2.3 times greater than those measured on fine and rainy days, respectively, and 1.8 and 2.9 times greater for SBP emission sources. Compared with WBPs, the total spans of negatively influenced regions resulting from SBP emission sources were 10.4, 12.5 and 19.9 times greater on fine, rainy and heavy-polluting days, respectively. Therefore, carcinogenic risk was the dominant health threat for populations residing close to solvent-consuming industrial emission sources. The findings suggest that newly developed solvents are capable of significantly reducing consequent health threats, nevertheless, they could still pose occasional threats to nearby residents under specific meteorological conditions.     

基于弹塑性理论的溃坝尾矿砂下泄冲击力研究∗

为确定溃坝尾矿砂下泄冲击力,以弹塑性力学为基础,从微粒弹性碰撞入手,建立单尾矿砂微粒的冲击模型,并扩展至团聚尾矿砂的冲击力求解模型,推导出均匀级配、固液耦合的冲击力计算公式。结果表明:单尾矿砂微粒可通过弹性力学理论描述碰撞过程、求解碰撞力和碰撞时间;尾矿砂团聚微粒的碰撞模型的构建应考虑液相的粘聚力、颗粒间的接触和局部力系向空间转化三个方面;冲击速度、平均粒径和含沙量对冲击力的影响均呈幂函数型增加,干密度呈线性增加,相同边界条件下,冲击速度的改变对冲击力的影响最大,平均粒径和含沙量次之,干密度影响最小,该结果代表了尾矿砂所特有的细颗粒、级配均匀所展现的特征,为尾矿砂下泄冲击计算提供理论依据。     

Preparation of porous mullite ceramic supports from high alumina fly ash

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - With the aid of dry pressing method, porous mullite ceramic supports were prepared successfully using desiliconized high alumina fly ash as main...