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Plotkin M Hod I Zaban A Boden SA Bagnall DM Galushko D Bergman DJ 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2010,97(12):1067-1076
The Oriental hornet worker correlates its digging activity with solar insolation. Solar radiation passes through the epicuticle,
which exhibits a grating-like structure, and continues to pass through layers of the exo-endocuticle until it is absorbed by the pigment melanin in the brown-colored cuticle or xanthopterin in the yellow-colored
cuticle. The correlation between digging activity and the ability of the cuticle to absorb part of the solar radiation implies
that the Oriental hornet may harvest parts of the solar radiation. In this study, we explore this intriguing possibility by
analyzing the biophysical properties of the cuticle. We use rigorous coupled wave analysis simulations to show that the cuticle
surfaces are structured to reduced reflectance and act as diffraction gratings to trap light and increase the amount absorbed
in the cuticle. A dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) was constructed in order to show the ability of xanthopterin to serve as
a light-harvesting molecule. 相似文献
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Hogue S. Roten D. Marland E. Marland G. Boden T. A. 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2019,24(6):969-983
Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change - A crucial aspect of constructing a gridded model of anthropogenic fossil fuel CO2 (FFCO2) emissions involves careful consideration of... 相似文献
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Marvin CH Leppard GG West MM Stern GA Boden AR McCarry BE 《Journal of environmental quality》2004,33(6):2132-2140
To understand contaminant transport in aquatic systems, it is essential to define the physical characteristics of the primary particulate carriers. The distribution of organic pollutants with particle-size class and particle morphology in a freshwater embayment (Hamilton Harbor, western Lake Ontario) was studied using a sequence of novel sample preparation and characterization techniques. Water samples (24 L) were fractionated according to particle-size distribution using differential cascade sedimentation and centrifugation methods. These size fractions were subsequently subjected to a physicochemical characterization using scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy to identify flocs and individual colloidal particles in the size range of 1 nm to 1 mm in diameter. Analytical chemical analyses were performed to identify organic contaminants in extracts prepared from particle-size classes, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The contaminant distribution trends were very similar for all compound classes studied; contaminants were primarily associated with fractions containing particles less than 2 mum in diameter. Morphological characterization of these fractions showed the majority of the particulates to be humic fractals. The results of this study show that contaminants in aquatic systems can be preferentially associated with specific types of particle carriers, the characteristics of which can be clearly defined in terms of size and morphology. 相似文献
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