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Environmental Security: A Geographic Information System Analysis Approach—The Case of Kenya 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Studies into the relationships between environmental factors and violence or conflicts constitute a very debated research
field called environmental security. Several authors think that environmental scarcity, which is scarcity of renewable resources,
can contribute to generate violence or social unrest, particularly within states scarcely endowed with technical know-how
and social structures, such as developing countries. In this work, we referred to the theoretical model developed by the Environmental
Change and Acute Conflict Project. Our goal was to use easily available spatial databases to map the various sources of environmental
scarcity through geographic information systems, in order to locate the areas apparently most at risk of suffering negative
social effects and their consequences in terms of internal security. The analysis was carried out at a subnational level and
applied to the case of Kenya. A first phase of the work included a careful selection of databases relative to renewable resources.
Spatial operations among these data allowed us to obtain new information on the availability of renewable resources (cropland,
forests, water), on the present and foreseen demographic pressure, as well as on the social and technical ingenuity. The results
made it possible to identify areas suffering from scarcity of one or more renewable resources, indicating different levels
of gravity. Accounts from Kenya seem to confirm our results, reporting clashes between tribal groups over the access to scarce
resources in areas that our work showed to be at high risk. 相似文献
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