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Per Ove Eikeland 《环境政策》2019,28(1):104-124
ABSTRACTHow have petroleum and power companies and their European industry associations responded to the EU emissions trading system (ETS)? Responses can be political, directed externally towards the initiation and reforms of the EU ETS itself, or internally and market-based, directed at low-carbon solutions. Proactive response strategies shape companies’ leadership potential. Variation in responses is explained by two models that differ in assumptions about corporate behaviour as well as the wider multilevel regulatory context in which companies operate. Responses are found to have converged within the two industries, with reactive companies following the proactive ones. Secondly, responses between the two industries increasingly diverge, with the power industry becoming much more proactive than the petroleum industry. The main explanation is found in the differing relevance of the two models and the wider regulatory context, particularly differing exposure to international competition and weak international climate agreements. 相似文献
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Zhuang Yahui Zhang Hongxun Wang Xiaoke & Li Changsheng Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences PO Box Beijing China Institute for the Study of Earth Oceans and Space University of New Hampshire Durham NH U.S.A. 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2004,(3)
The report summarizes surveys on carbon inventories and initiatives on sustainable carbon cycling taken by the Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, where the authors work/worked. The first part of the report, which appeared in the preceding issue of this journal, deals with the concept of sustainable carbon cycling, the historic evolution of carbon cycling processes in China, carbon pool enhancement, value addition, carbon sequestration and carbon balance. This very paper, as the second part of the report, covers the results of carbon dynamics modeling, emission inventories of various carbon-containing greenhouse gases and their potential abatement measures. 相似文献
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Public Sector Reform and Governance for Adaptation: Implications of New Public Management for Adaptive Capacity in Mexico and Norway 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
Although many governments are assuming the responsibility of initiating adaptation policy in relation to climate change, the
compatibility of “governance-for-adaptation” with the current paradigms of public administration has generally been overlooked.
Over the last several decades, countries around the globe have embraced variants of the philosophy of administration broadly
called “New Public Management” (NPM) in an effort to improve administrative efficiencies and the provision of public services.
Using evidence from a case study of reforms in the building sector in Norway, and a case study of water and flood risk management
in central Mexico, we analyze the implications of the adoption of the tenets of NPM for adaptive capacity. Our cases illustrate
that some of the key attributes associated with governance for adaptation—namely, technical and financial capacities; institutional
memory, learning and knowledge; and participation and accountability—have been eroded by NPM reforms. Despite improvements
in specific operational tasks of the public sector in each case, we show that the success of NPM reforms presumes the existence
of core elements of governance that have often been found lacking, including solid institutional frameworks and accountability.
Our analysis illustrates the importance of considering both longer-term adaptive capacities and short-term efficiency goals
in public sector administration reform. 相似文献
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