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Sioen I Van Camp J Verdonck F Verbeke W Vanhonacker F Willems J De Henauw S 《Chemosphere》2008,71(6):1056-1066
Seafood represents a natural source of valuable nutrients (e.g., long chain omega-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFAs), vitamin D, and iodine), but the favourable health perception is troubled by the presence of contaminants (e.g., PCBs, dioxin-like compounds, and (methyl) mercury (MeHg)). This dualism forms the basis for an important public health conflict. The objective of this study was to calculate and evaluate the simultaneous intake of multiple beneficial and harmful compounds (LC n-3 PUFAs, vitamin D, iodine, (Me)Hg, PCBs, and dioxin-like compounds) via seafood consumption in Belgium. A methodology and a software module were developed for executing probabilistic assessments of the simultaneous intake of multiple compounds leading to better insight in the problematic nature of food items involving both health benefits and risks. The simulations concerning seafood consumption in Belgium predicted that, as far as only seafood consumption is concerned, the considered populations do not reach a sufficiently high intake for the three nutrients considered (LC n-3 PUFAs, vitamin D, and iodine). Regarding the contaminants, (Me)Hg contamination of seafood on the Belgian market does not seem to be an issue of major toxicological concern. In contrast, for dioxin-like compounds the tolerable daily intake is reached by people with high seafood consumption. 相似文献
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Citizens’ Views on Farm Animal Welfare and Related Information Provision: Exploratory Insights from Flanders,Belgium 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Filiep Vanhonacker Els Van Poucke Frank Tuyttens Wim Verbeke 《Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics》2010,23(6):551-569
The results of two independent empirical studies with Flemish citizens were combined to address the problem of a short fall
of information provision about higher welfare products. The research objectives were (1) to improve our understanding of how
citizens conceptualize farm animal welfare, (2) to analyze the variety in the claimed personal relevance of animal welfare
in the food purchasing decision process, and (3) to find out people’s needs in relation to product information about animal
welfare and the extent to which the current information caters to these needs. The first study consisted of a survey conducted
in three consecutive years (2000–2002, n = 521) and was complemented with more recent qualitative data from four focus group discussions (2006, n = 29). Citizens’ conceptualization of farm animal welfare matched reasonably well with those in the scientific literature,
although it is clearly influenced by a lower level of practical experience and a higher weight of empathy. In general, respondents
indicated that animal welfare was an important product attribute, although it was less important than primary product attributes
such as quality, health, and safety. Moral issues, rather than a perception of higher quality, were the main influence on
preferences for higher welfare products. At present, higher standards of animal welfare are mostly guaranteed within more
general quality assurance schemes. Yet people’s decisions to not choose higher welfare products seems to be related to the
perceptual disconnection between eating animal food products and the living producing animals. Respondents generally thought
better information provision was required and the present level of provision was strongly criticized. In combination, the
findings of both studies help inform the discussion about how citizens can be informed about animal welfare and the preferred
content, source, and medium of such information. The paper also provides insights into citizens’ semantic interpretation of the concept of animal welfare (what wordings they use) and the range of relevance that animal welfare has for different groups that, in turn is useful in identifying which segments can be targeted. This can contribute to a more effective valorization of animal welfare as a product attribute. 相似文献
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Although sustainability and ethics are of increasing public importance, little research has been conducted to reveal its association with fish consumer behavior. Cross-sectional data were collected through a postal self-administered survey (June 2005) from a sample of 381 Flemish women aged 20-50 years. Consumers attach high perceived importance to sustainability and ethics related to fish. However, this perceived importance is neither correlated with fish consumption frequency nor with general attitude toward eating fish. Refusing to eat wild fish is grounded in sustainability and ethical concerns, whereas the decision not to eat farmed fish is associated with a lower expected intrinsic quality rather than shaped by importance attached to sustainability and ethical issues. 相似文献
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The Concept of Farm Animal Welfare: Citizen Perceptions and Stakeholder Opinion in Flanders, Belgium
Filiep Vanhonacker Wim Verbeke Els Van Poucke Zuzanna Pieniak Griet Nijs Frank Tuyttens 《Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics》2012,25(1):79-101
Several attempts to conceptualize farm animal welfare have been criticized for diverging reasons, among them often the failure
to incorporate the public concern and opinion. This paper’s objective is to develop a conception of farm animal welfare that
starts from the public’s perception and integrates the opinion of different stakeholder representatives, thus following a
fork-to-farm approach. Four qualitative citizen focus group discussions were used to develop a quantitative questionnaire,
which has been completed by a representative sample of Flemish citizens (n = 459). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were applied to develop a conception of farm animal welfare starting
from an extended list of aspects that relate to animal production and associate with farm animal welfare in the public’s perception.
In depth interviews with stakeholder representatives were used to match and adapt the structure of the animal welfare conception
model. The resulting conception revealed seven dimensions grouped in two different levels. Three dimensions were animal-based:
“Suffering and Stress,” “Ability to Engage in Natural Behavior,” and “Animal Health.” Four dimensions were resource-based:
“Housing and Barn climate,” “Transport and Slaughter,” “Feed and Water,” and “Human-Animal Relationship.” This conception
is distinct from earlier attempts since it is based on public perceptions; it addresses the opinion of different stakeholders,
and it distinguishes empirically between animal-based and resource-based dimensions in the conceptualization of farm animal
welfare. The relevancy of a popular definition is supported by the present demand oriented economy, in which animal welfare
is a non-trade concern, and mainly left to the market where consumers still mainly act as individuals who calculate and weigh
pros and cons. 相似文献
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Farm animal welfare in livestock production is a topical and important issue attracting growing interest of policy makers, consumers, stakeholders in the supply chain and others. While there is much public interest in the issue this is not reflected in the supply and market shares of animal food products that are produced under welfare standards that exceed legislative requirements. Given the obstacles to devising stricter legislative standards, higher welfare animal food products are mostly made available through market-based approaches. This paper discusses different challenges and opportunities for a range of public and consumer policies and makes recommendations on how these might be strengthened. The paper does not report primary empirical findings but assembles available knowledge on citizen and consumer attitudes and perceptions towards animal welfare from various research disciplines. We argue that in order for public and consumer policies to be (more) efficient and effective, it is important to develop a segmented and targeted strategy. This paper will thus elaborate on what information could and should be provided to whom. This implies the need for a good understanding of how people conceptualize farm animal welfare. Further, information provisioning should address the needs and expectations of those specific consumer segments most likely to be motivated to purchase higher welfare products. Based on the assembled information, opportunities and challenges for information provisioning and communication to the public and consumers are identified. The merits and limitations of different forms of information provisioning and animal welfare labelling are discussed and recommendations are set forth for future research. 相似文献
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