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排序方式: 共有55条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Daniel Arenas-Lago Flora A. Vega Luis Felipe O. Silva María Luisa Andrade 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(18):10997-11008
The horizons of four natural soils were treated with Cu2+ in an acid medium to study the retention capacity of Cu. The possible mineralogical changes arising because of the treatment were also studied. The soil properties and characteristics with the greatest influence on the metal retention and its distribution among the different soil fractions were determined. Crystalline phases of each horizon were determined by X-ray diffraction (XDR). The morphology, structural distribution and particle chemical composition of soil samples were investigated using field emission scanning electron microscopy. Cu distribution in the different geochemical phases of the soil was studied using a sequential extraction. The treatment led to an increase in the amorphous phases and the formation of new crystalline phases, such as rouaite (Cu2(NO3)(OH)3) and nitratine (NaNO3). Cu was also found superficially sorbed on amorphous hydroxy compounds of Fe that interact with albite, muscovite and gibbsite, and also on spherical and curved particles of aluminium clays. The largest amount of Cu retained was in an exchangeable form, and the smallest amount associated with the crystalline Fe oxides and residual fraction. In the surface horizons, the predominant Cu retention process is complexation in organomineral associations, while in the subsurface horizons it is adsorption. 相似文献
3.
Anders Mosbech Kasper Lambert Johansen Thomas A. Davidson Martin Appelt Bjarne Grønnow Christine Cuyler Peter Lyngs Janne Flora 《Ambio》2018,47(2):226-243
The little auk is the most numerous seabird in the North Atlantic and its most important breeding area is the eastern shores of the North Water polynya. Here, a population of an estimated 33 million pairs breeds in huge colonies and significantly shapes the ecosystem. Archaeological remains in the colonies document that the little auk has been harvested over millennia. Anthropological research discloses how the little auk has a role both as social engineer and as a significant resource for the Inughuit today. The hunting can be practiced without costly equipment, and has no gender and age discrimination in contrast to the dominant hunt for marine mammals. Little auks are ecological engineers in the sense that they transport vast amounts of nutrients from sea to land, where the nutrients are deposited as guano. Here, the fertilized vegetation provides important foraging opportunities for hares, geese, fox, reindeer, and the introduced muskox. We estimate that the relative muskox density is ten times higher within 1 km of little auk fertilized vegetation hotspots. 相似文献
4.
Agnes M. L. Karlson Jon Duberg Nisha H. Motwani Hedvig Hogfors Isabell Klawonn Helle Ploug Jennie Barthel Svedén Andrius Garbaras Brita Sundelin Susanna Hajdu Ulf Larsson Ragnar Elmgren Elena Gorokhova 《Ambio》2015,44(3):413-426
Filamentous, nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria form extensive summer blooms in the Baltic Sea. Their ability to fix dissolved N2 allows cyanobacteria to circumvent the general summer nitrogen limitation, while also generating a supply of novel bioavailable nitrogen for the food web. However, the fate of the nitrogen fixed by cyanobacteria remains unresolved, as does its importance for secondary production in the Baltic Sea. Here, we synthesize recent experimental and field studies providing strong empirical evidence that cyanobacterial nitrogen is efficiently assimilated and transferred in Baltic food webs via two major pathways: directly by grazing on fresh or decaying cyanobacteria and indirectly through the uptake by other phytoplankton and microbes of bioavailable nitrogen exuded from cyanobacterial cells. This information is an essential step toward guiding nutrient management to minimize noxious blooms without overly reducing secondary production, and ultimately most probably fish production in the Baltic Sea. 相似文献
5.
Gaun Sachin Ali Syed Afroz Singh Pooja Patwa Jayant Flora Swaran Jeet Singh Datusalia Ashok Kumar 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(10):24949-24962
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Copper (Cu) is an important trace element required for several biological processes. The use of copper is increasing gradually in several... 相似文献
6.
Molecular diagnostic tests are becoming a routine analysis in many laboratories. These modern analyses are widely used in clinical medicine, forensic, genetic and prenatal diagnosis and also in preimplantation genetic diagnosis. The accuracy of analysis is highly dependent on the success achieved in minimising genotyping errors. The pitfalls in molecular diagnostic tests can be due to a simple technique such as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) used universally. This technique is routinely used for its apparent accuracy, but it is also a well-known source of errors. We report an error introduced during PCR reaction that leads to a wrong sequence result and consequently to a ‘false’ molecular result in a next prenatal diagnosis in a family with severe factor VII (FVII) deficiency. This error was verified using an unsuitable primer design in a rich repetitive sequence of the FVII gene that leads to a false annealing and then to a wrong molecular diagnosis. It is essential to link closely molecular data with clinical and phenotype analysis in order to avoid false-negative or false-positive results, which is of great importance to diagnosis and molecular prevention. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
7.
Allograft reactions of the sponge Hymeniacidon heliophila Parker, 1910 have been studied and quantified at the cellular level in vitro. Cell-layer assays were used to record the timing of rejection between allogeneic individuals and to investigate changes in the cellular subpopulations of primmorphs belonging to different individuals and placed in direct contact. The initial contact on both cell layers and primmorphs was followed by partial fusion and ended by their isolation with formation of a defined barrier but without marked collagen deposition. Using cytospins, cellular subpopulations from primmorphs were morphologically distinguished based on overall shape and on nuclear and cytoplasmic characteristics. In the beginning of the cultures up to 17 cell types could be recognized. Within 5 days, following reaggregation and primmorph formation, populations of eight of these types suffered marked reduction, whereas nine other cell types were either maintained or reduced at a slower pace. When submitted to allogeneic contact, the cellular dynamics of the four remaining types were altered. Surprisingly, the percentage of archeocytes is reduced, probably depleted by differentiation into other, differentiated cell populations. Cellular responses to allogeneic contact were characterized mainly by a transient increase in globoferous cells, a larger participation of presumed collagen-secreting cells, and by a remarkable expansion of the collencyte population. The collencyte population remained altered after the isolation of the individuals by a collagen barrier, and this can represent a mechanism of short-term immune memory.Communicated by O. Kinne, Oldendorf/Luhe 相似文献
8.
Gubrelay U Mehta A Singh M Flora SJ 《Journal of environmental biology / Academy of Environmental Biology, India》2004,25(1):65-73
Rats (male and female) were exposed to 0.5 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg cadmium as cadmium chloride for 3 days and subsequently sacrificed for cadmium concentration and other biochemical variables indicative of hepatic and renal damage. The absorption of cadmium was supported by biochemical changes, which were significantly higher in females than in males. This could be due to higher rate of intestinal absorption of cadmium in females than males. Male and female rats both showed relatively higher cadmium concentration in kidneys than in liver. Female rats also showed the similar trend in tissue metal levels as compared to male rats. However, hepatic and renal histopathological observations showed that female rats suffered from severe hepatic injury like hydropic degeneration of hepatocytes, granulation, bile duct proliferation etc. In comparison to female rats, male rats did not show much remarkable changes. Renal damage was more prominent in female than male in the form of renal tubular damage; most of the tubular nuclei were pyknotic, congestion of the boundary of cortex and medulla etc. The results suggested that females were comparatively more vulnerable to the toxic effects of cadmium than males. 相似文献
9.
Francesco Massart Flora Micillo Gaetano Rivezzi Laura Perrone Angelo Baggiani Mario Miccoli 《毒物与环境化学》2016,98(1):128-136
The mycotoxin zearalenone exhibits estrogenic and anabolic properties in several animal species, humans included. Food contamination by zearalenone is caused either by direct contamination of grains, fruits, and their based-products or by “carry-over” of mycotoxins in animal tissues, milk, and eggs after intake of contaminated feedstuff. Now, a survey on zearalenone contamination in breast milk of healthy primiparous women living in the Naples countryside was conducted. From 47 healthy primiparous women, breast milk samples were collected within the first six weeks after delivery as well as clinical data of mother–newborn pairs. Breast milk analyses were performed with both competitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. At 36.9 ± 2.6 days after vaginal delivery, the mean zearalenone contents of the breast milk samples were 1.13 ± 0.34 µg/L. The zearalenone levels correlated with both mother weights before pregnancy (r = ?0.506; P < 0.001) and at delivery (r = ?0.351; P < 0.05). The present results indicate that breast milk may be contaminated with zearalenone. 相似文献
10.
Liang Li Ryan Diederick Joseph R.V. Flora Nicole D. Berge 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2013,33(11):2478-2492
Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a thermal conversion technique that converts food wastes and associated packaging materials to a valuable, energy-rich resource. Food waste collected from local restaurants was carbonized over time at different temperatures (225, 250 and 275 °C) and solids concentrations to determine how process conditions influence carbonization product properties and composition. Experiments were also conducted to determine the influence of packaging material on food waste carbonization. Results indicate the majority of initial carbon remains integrated within the solid-phase at the solids concentrations and reaction temperatures evaluated. Initial solids concentration influences carbon distribution because of increased compound solubilization, while changes in reaction temperature imparted little change on carbon distribution. The presence of packaging materials significantly influences the energy content of the recovered solids. As the proportion of packaging materials increase, the energy content of recovered solids decreases because of the low energetic retention associated with the packaging materials. HTC results in net positive energy balances at all conditions, except at a 5% (dry wt.) solids concentration. Carbonization of food waste and associated packaging materials also results in net positive balances, but energy needs for solids post-processing are significant. Advantages associated with carbonization are not fully realized when only evaluating process energetics. A more detailed life cycle assessment is needed for a more complete comparison of processes. 相似文献