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Integrating climate change adaptation strategies in urban planning and landscape design of Addis Ababa City,Ethiopia
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Hailu Worku 《环境质量管理》2017,27(1):5-21
Climate change (CC) is now recognized as posing a serious threat to the sustainable development of Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia. As a consequence, city authorities are showing increasing interest in combating CC by streamlining adaptation measures into city development planning through a comprehensive and integrated approach. Nevertheless, in the past, the integration of CC adaptation into urban planning (UP) and landscape design (LD) was not given adequate consideration by planners and designers due to lack of knowledge regarding CC and the efforts that can be taken to mitigate its effects. The objective of this work is: ? To summarize the current state of knowledge of, and conceptualization of, the core elements of CC impacts and responses in Addis Ababa in terms of their implications for UP and LD in the city; ? To develop a common understanding among urban planners and related professionals of how improvements in UP and LD can contribute to CC adaptation; and ? To mainstream CC in future UP and LD endeavors. The results of this study show that integrating CC adaptation and other response options into UP and LD at the city, subcity/catchment, neighborhood, site/project, and building levels will enhance the sustainability of the city with respect to its resilience to flood risk hazards, water supply during drought periods, and urban heat island effects. 相似文献
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Li Zhansheng Zhao Hongxia Li Xintong Bekele Tadiyose Girma 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(17):24612-24622
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are an emerging class of environmental hazardous contaminants that extensively, stably exist in... 相似文献
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Asere Tsegaye Girma Verbeken Kim Tessema Dejene A. Fufa Fekadu Stevens Christian V. Du Laing Gijs 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(25):20446-20458
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Contamination of drinking water with arsenic causes severe health problems in various world regions. Arsenic exists predominantly as As(III) and As(V)... 相似文献
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Bekele Tadiyose Girma Zhao Hongxia Yang Jun Chegen Ruth Gebretsadik Chen Jingwen Mekonen Seblework Qadeer Abdul 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(36):49507-49528
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The ban and restriction of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and major brominated flame retardants (BFRs), including hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) and... 相似文献
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Simultaneous adoption of integrated soil fertility management technologies in the Chinyanja Triangle,Southern Africa
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Empirical scientific evidence indicates that there is still room for increasing food production by improving land productivity. This study aimed at identifying the key determinants that govern farmers’ decisions to adopt multiple components of integrated soil fertility management (ISFM) in a maize mixed cropping system of the Chinyanja Triangle, Southern Africa. Revealed preferences of ISFM components were collected from 320 randomly selected households and multivariate probit (MVP) model was used to analyse the simultaneous effects on adoption based on biophysical plot and household‐level socioeconomic attributes. The results show that farmers’ choices of a set of ISFM components are determined by a mix of factors that address the trade‐offs and synergies among them. Non‐farm income, moderate land quality perception, and education influence simultaneous technology adoption, while gender and crop loss increase the likelihood of farmers’ decisions to adopt independent options. Having other sources of income supports co‐adoption of inorganic fertilizer, residue incorporation, and crop rotation. Input/output market access, access to information, financial sources, and climate variability also play pivotal role in technology adoption. These results indicate that resource availability, learning costs, finances, and risk aversion need to be considered when designing and promoting ISFM technologies as a package. 相似文献
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Traditional occupancy–abundance and abundance–variance–occupancy models do not take into account zero-inflation, which occurs when sampling rare species or in correlated counts arising from repeated measures. In this paper we propose a novel approach extending occupancy–abundance relationships to zero-inflated count data. This approach involves three steps: (1) selecting distributional assumptions and parsimonious models for the count data, (2) estimating abundance, occupancy and variance parameters as functions of site- and/or time-specific covariates, and (3) modelling the occupancy–abundance relationship using the parameters estimated in step 2. Five count datasets were used for comparing standard Poisson and negative binomial distribution (NBD) occupancy–abundance models. Zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) and zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) occupancy–abundance models were introduced for the first time, and these were compared with the Poisson, NBD, He and Gaston's and Wilson and Room's abundance–variance–occupancy models. The percentage of zero counts ranged from 45 to 80% in the datasets analysed. For most of the datasets, the ZINB occupancy–abundance model performed better than the traditional Poisson, NBD and Wilson and Room's model. He and Gaston's model performed better than the ZINB in two out of the five datasets. However, the occupancy predicted by all models increased faster than the observed as density increased resulting in significant mismatch at the highest densities. Limitations of the various models are discussed, and the need for careful choice of count distributions and predictors in estimating abundance and occupancy parameter are indicated. 相似文献
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Ajala Oluwaseyi Aderemi Oke Margret Racheal Ajibade Temitope Fausat Ajibade Fidelis Odedishemi Adelodun Bashir Ighalo Joshua O. Ajala Margaret Opeyemi Kumar Pankaj Demissie Hailu Ugya Adamu Yunusa Sulaymon Ishaq Dimeji Silva Luis F. O. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(55):82660-82680
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Heavy metals (HMs) have attracted global attention due to their toxicity, persistence, and accumulation in aquatic fish in the polluted water... 相似文献
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Rethinking urban water management in Addis Ababa in the face of climate change: An urgent need to transform from traditional to sustainable system
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Hailu Worku 《环境质量管理》2017,27(1):103-119
Urban water management in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, is of significant concern to the city government owing to the growing demand for water, poor urban water management practices, insufficient and ineffective infrastructures, and climate change. The objective of this study is to review current water resources and management practices, consider the sustainability of the urban water cycle in relation to climate change, and devise a feasible strategy for a sustainable urban water management system. The results of this study show that the situation as it is now is not sustainable at current levels of demand and supply, either in terms of the systems’ management practices, or in terms of the challenges posed by climate change. An Integrated Urban Water Management strategy that covers the entire urban water cycle, including diversification of water sources, protection and conservation of water, sustainable exploitation, distribution, and consumption and wastewater management, water recycling, nutrient reuse, and safe wastewater disposal, should be implemented as soon as practicable. 相似文献
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Poverty, hunger and demand for agricultural land have driven local communities to overexploit forest resources throughout
Ethiopia. Forests surrounding the township of Humbo were largely destroyed by the late 1960s. In 2004, World Vision Australia
and World Vision Ethiopia identified forestry-based carbon sequestration as a potential means to stimulate community development
while engaging in environmental restoration. After two years of consultation, planning and negotiations, the Humbo Community-based
Natural Regeneration Project began implementation—the Ethiopian organization’s first carbon sequestration initiative. The
Humbo Project assists communities affected by environmental degradation including loss of biodiversity, soil erosion and flooding
with an opportunity to benefit from carbon markets while reducing poverty and restoring the local agroecosystem. Involving
the regeneration of 2,728 ha of degraded native forests, it brings social, economic and ecological benefits—facilitating adaptation
to a changing climate and generating temporary certified emissions reductions (tCERs) under the Clean Development Mechanism.
A key feature of the project has been facilitating communities to embrace new techniques and take responsibility for large-scale
environmental change, most importantly involving Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR). This technique is low-cost, replicable,
and provides direct benefits within a short time. Communities were able to harvest fodder and firewood within a year of project
initiation and wild fruits and other non-timber forest products within three years. Farmers are using agroforestry for both
environmental restoration and income generation. Establishment of user rights and local cooperatives has generated community
ownership and enthusiasm for this project—empowering the community to more sustainably manage their communal lands. 相似文献