全文获取类型
收费全文 | 60篇 |
免费 | 9篇 |
国内免费 | 24篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 12篇 |
废物处理 | 1篇 |
环保管理 | 12篇 |
综合类 | 43篇 |
基础理论 | 16篇 |
污染及防治 | 4篇 |
评价与监测 | 2篇 |
灾害及防治 | 3篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 2篇 |
2020年 | 1篇 |
2019年 | 1篇 |
2017年 | 2篇 |
2016年 | 3篇 |
2015年 | 6篇 |
2014年 | 4篇 |
2013年 | 7篇 |
2012年 | 9篇 |
2011年 | 6篇 |
2010年 | 4篇 |
2009年 | 8篇 |
2008年 | 6篇 |
2007年 | 9篇 |
2006年 | 6篇 |
2005年 | 4篇 |
2004年 | 1篇 |
2003年 | 2篇 |
2002年 | 1篇 |
2001年 | 3篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有93条查询结果,搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
太湖悬浮物对水体生态环境的影响及其高光谱反演 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
利用太湖水质参数数据、水面以下实测光谱数据以及水-气界面辐射传输模型,计算得到了水体漫射衰减系数和水面以上遥感反射比,探讨了悬浮物对水体中营养盐以及水下光照等水体环境因子的影响,在此基础上,利用水面以上遥感反射率建立了悬浮物浓度的定量反演模型.研究结果表明:悬浮物浓度与水体下行漫射衰减系数具有很好的相关性,在可见光波段相关系数达到0.8以上,与真光层深度具有很好的负指数关系;水面以上遥感反射比与悬浮物浓度对数(In(Tss))具有很好的相关性,在500~600nm范围内呈负相关,在620-882nm范围呈正相关,最大负相关出现在522nm附近,最大正相关出现在692nm附近;选用Rra(522nm)、Rra(692nm)以及其比值作为变量建立悬浮物反演模型,得出的单波段线性对数模型能够较好地反演悬浮物浓度. 相似文献
2.
太湖梅梁湾水体组分吸收特性季节差异分析 总被引:15,自引:6,他引:9
利用2006年8月、11月和2007年3月太湖梅梁湾水样实验室测定的水体组分固有光学特性数据和水质分析数据,分析水体中各组分在不同季节的吸收特性,并讨论不同季节光谱吸收的主导因子.结果表明,各组分在不同季节其吸收特性存在一定的差异,总悬浮吸收系数在夏季最大,在440 nm平均吸收系数为(7.49 4±3.0)m-1,春季最小,440 nm平均吸收系数为(2.86±0.73)m-1,且不同季节其吸收类型不同;非藻类颗粒吸收特性的季节性差异相对较小,其吸收系数和S值的差异主要是由于无机悬浮物含量和组成的不同导致的;由于藻类含量的差异导致浮游藻类吸收系数在夏季最大,675 nm平均吸收系数为(5.49±3.5)m-1,秋季次之675 nm平均吸收系数为(2.03±1.14)m-1,春季最小,675 nm平均吸收系数为(0.62±0.25)m-1;而有色可溶件有机物(chromophoric dissolved organic matter,CDOM)吸收系数和S值的季节差异性主要是由于其来源的不同,导致其浓度和成分的不同形成的.春、秋季由于无机悬浮物含量较高,非藻类颗粒物对总吸收的贡献大于其他组分,是水体总吸收的主导因子,而夏季由于浮游藻类含量较高,使其成为水下光谱的主要影响因素. 相似文献
3.
太湖水体中悬浮颗粒物的比吸收光谱特性及其参数化分析 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
通过对太湖水体的野外采样,利用定量滤膜技术测量了水体中浮游植物色素的吸收系数(aph(λ))和非色素颗粒物的吸收系数(aNAP(λ)),进而推算比吸收系数.同时,对浮游植物色素和非色素颗粒物的比吸收系数的时空变化特征进行了分析.结果表明,浮游植物色素的比吸收系数(ap*h)在蓝光440nm的变化范围为0.008~0.268m2·mg-1,在红光670nm的变化范围为0.004~0.098m·2mg-1;;通过K-Mean算法将浮游植物色素的比吸收光谱分成3种具有不同光谱特征的类型,类别1、2和3占总数的百分比分别为61.0%、12.2%和26.8%,表明太湖水体中浮游植物色素的比吸收光谱是以类别1为主;;色素包裹效应因子Qa*(675)在Chla浓度<50mg·m-3时,随Chla浓度的增大迅速减小,而在Chla浓度>50mg·m-3时,其减小的趋势趋于缓慢,Qa*(675)与Chla浓度呈现出较好的幂函数关系.非色素颗粒物的比吸收系数(aN*AP)在蓝光440nm处的变化范围为0.012×10-3~0.143×10-3m2·mg-1,利用此处的比吸收系数建立的非色素颗粒物比吸收光谱的参数化模型,光谱曲线斜率... 相似文献
4.
土壤呼吸与土壤有机碳对不同秸秆还田的响应及其机制 总被引:1,自引:3,他引:1
以黄豆、玉米、水稻这3种农业秸秆为原料,崇明东滩围垦土地为试验样区,以景观植物地肤草为目标植物,研究土壤呼吸和土壤有机碳对不同秸秆还田的响应及其可能的机制.结果表明,不同秸秆直接还田的土壤呼吸和地上植物量均高于对照组;黄豆秸秆还田后土壤呼吸相对最低,土壤有机碳最高,因此黄豆秸秆还田的土壤碳封存能力高于玉米和水稻秸秆.秸秆还田显著促进土壤微生物活性,增加了土壤微生物量以及β-糖苷酶、脱氢酶活性,脱氢酶活性与土壤呼吸相关性最显著.黄豆秸秆还田脱氢酶活性最低,相应的土壤呼吸也最低.黄豆秸秆纤维素、木质素和C/N含量最高,可降解性最低,表明黄豆秸秆难以被微生物降解利用,因而还田后其土壤微生物活性最低,最终导致最低的土壤呼吸和较高的土壤有机碳. 相似文献
5.
TiO2光催化降解水中内分泌干扰物17β-雌二醇 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5
以低压汞灯为光源,采用间歇式光氧化反应器,研究了17β-雌二醇(E2)在纳米TiO2(Degussa P-25)悬浆体系中的光催化降解.考察了溶液pH、E2初始浓度、TiO2光催化剂投加量、UV光强、H2O2、O2对E2光催化降解的影响.结果表明,TiO2光催化工艺可以有效地去除水中的E2,E2的光降解过程符合一级反应动力学模型;TiO2投加量为200 mg/L时,在14 W低压汞灯照射下,初始浓度为400 μg/L 的E2在自来水中的光降解一级反应速率常数为0.018 min-1,E2的光催化降解速率常数与其初始浓度、TiO2光催化剂的用量、溶液的pH值、UV光强等因素有关;外加H2O2、O2可以影响催化剂的光降解效率. 相似文献
6.
研究了氯胺在铜管模拟输配系统中的衰减过程,并利用一级反应动力学模型对氯胺衰减规律进行了模拟;考察了pH、初始氯胺浓度等水质条件与流速等水力条件对氯胺衰减速率的影响.结果表明,pH值是影响氯胺衰减速率与金属铜溶出的重要因素,pH越低氯胺衰减越快;提高氯胺初始浓度可加快氯胺衰减速度,也可增加金属铜的溶出量;流速对氯胺衰减速率的影响不大.此外,衰减动力学过程模拟结果表明,采用一级反应动力学模型可以较好地拟合不同条件下的氯胺衰减规律.从而对于工程中不同条件下消毒剂浓度预测具有重要意义. 相似文献
7.
Vernal pools are vulnerable to loss through development and agricultural and forestry practices owing to their isolation from open water bodies and their small size. Some vernal pool-dependent species are already listed in New England as Endangered, Threatened, or Species of Special Concern. Vernal pool creation is becoming more common in compensatory mitigation as open water ponds, in general, may be easier to create than wooded wetlands. However, research on vernal pool creation is limited. A recent National Research Council study (2001) cites vernal pools as challenging to recreate. We reviewed documentation on 15 vernal pool creation projects in New England that were required by federal regulatory action. Our purpose was to determine whether vernal pool creation for compensatory mitigation in New England replaced key vernal pool functions by assessing project goals and documentation (including mitigation plans, pool design criteria, monitoring protocols, and performance standards). Our results indicate that creation attempts often fail to replicate lost pool functions. Pool design specifications are often based on conjecture rather than on reference wetlands or created pools that function successfully. Project monitoring lacks consistency and reliability, and record keeping by regulatory agencies is inadequate. Strengthening of protection of isolated wetlands in general, and standardization across all aspects of vernal pool creation, is needed to ensure success and to promote conservation of the long-term landscape functions of vernal pools. 相似文献
8.
Populations of threatened species, especially predators at the top of the food chain, may be affected by anthropic pressures. The endangered western population of European mink Mustela lutreola has shown a large decline over 50% of its natural range. M. lutreola disappeared from northwestern France between 1984 and 1997, and the decline was associated with an increase in mustelid trapping, changes in watercourse quality, and habitat modifications due to agricultural practices. The pattern of decline showed a fragmentation restricting the minks into very small areas. Trapping was the first known cause of mortality. Although feral American mink Mustela vison may compete with autochthonous carnivores, M. lutreola had disappeared from streams before the introduction of the American species, suggesting that competitive interactions were not responsible. Furthermore, American mink has never been found or has remained rare in 62.4% of the area from which M. lutreola has disappeared. During the past 25 years, permanent grassland surfaces were reduced by 40%, whereas fodder culture increased by 470%, causing considerable habitat changes. Furthermore, 55.7% of water courses were classified as being of bad quality or polluted. Therefore, our data suggests that a conjunction of intensive trapping, alterations in water quality and habitat modification was critical for the European mink's decline. Although there are difficulties in ascribing specific cause to distribution changes in a top predator, this decline can be regarded as an indication for anthropic pressures on natural habitats. 相似文献
9.
For the last 20 years, human–wildlife conflicts have been rapidly increasing in towns. Although people want “greener” cities,
the expansion of disliked species causes problems that are difficult to manage and to reduce. The complexity of the numerous
factors involved in these human–wildlife relations needs the development of a comprehensive tool for urban planners. Today,
with the development of computers and geographical information systems, it is easier to analyze and combine different spatial
data as methods used for the management of risks in studies of natural hazards. Here we present a method for assessing and
mapping the risk in cases of human–wildlife conflict. An application to starling management in a town in western France will
show the efficiency of our methods to combine information given by a network of experts and to highlight higher risk sites.
The map of risk provides a spatial result useful for comprehension, communication between people and agencies, and public
education. 相似文献
10.
采用蒸发-固化工艺处理垃圾渗滤液反渗透浓缩液。蒸发工艺可将反渗透浓缩液减量化,固化工艺可将蒸发残留液中的污染物稳定化。研究表明,蒸发残留液宜采用水泥和石灰混合料进行固化,混合料最佳水泥与石灰质量比约为1︰2,每100 mL蒸发残留液(质量约为120 g)最佳投加量为50 g。固化体含水率低于40%,抗压强度高于1.0 MPa,适合填埋处置,其浸出液污染物含量较低。采用硅酸钠和硫酸钙作为添加剂可加快固化速度,提高固化体的抗压强度。利用蒸发-固化工艺处理反渗透浓缩液可取得良好的经济和社会效益。 相似文献