粉煤灰负载壳聚糖去除水中低浓度磷的研究

磷是富营养化限制因子,同时,中国主要能源是煤,每年会产生大量的粉煤灰废弃物;壳聚糖广泛存在于自然界,在水处理中的应用前景广阔。利用粉煤灰负载壳聚糖处理水中的磷既可以减少水中的污染物质,成本低,耗能少,又可以使固体废物得到有效的利用。实验中,以粉煤灰负载壳聚糖作为吸附剂,对磷酸盐的吸附进行了实验研究。讨论了废水的pH值、吸附平衡时间、吸附剂的投加量和吸附温度等各个因素对磷酸盐去除率的影响。研究表明:在粉煤灰负载壳聚糖的投加量为6 g/L、废水浓度为3 mg/L、吸附温度为30℃、吸附时间为30 min的条件下,P的去除率可达90%左右。     

Determination of ammonium on an integrated microchip with LED-induced fluorescence detection

A simply fabricated microfluidic device integrated with a fluorescence detection system has been developed for on-line determination of ammonium in aqueous samples. A 365-nm light-emitting diode (LED) as an excitation source and a minor band pass filter were mounted into a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based microchip for the purpose of miniaturization of the entire analytical system. The ammonium sample reacted with o-phthaldialdehyde (OPA) on-chip with sodium sulfite as reducing reagent to produce a fluorescent isoindole derivative, which can emit fluorescence signal at about 425 nm when excited at 365 nm. Effects of pH, flow rate of solutions, concentrations of OPA-reagent, phosphate and sulfite salt were investigated. The calibration curve of ammonium in the range of 0.018-1.8 μupg/mL showed a good linear relationship with R² = 0.9985, and the detection limit was (S/N = 3) 3.6 × 10^-4 μupg/mL. The relative standard deviation was 2.8% (n = 11) by calculating at 0.18 μupg/mL ammonium for repeated detection. The system was applied to determine the ammonium concentration in rain and river waters, even extent to other analytes fluorescence detection by the presented device.     

Explanation of heavy metal pollution in coal mines of china from the perspective of coal gangue geochemical characteristics

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In the process of coal gangue surface accumulation and underground filling disposal, the heavy metals contained in coal gangue will inevitably...     

汶川地震余震地震动衰减关系研究

2008年汶川8.0级特大地震发生后,又发生了多次余震,震区的固定台站和流动台站因此获取了上万条MS3.3～6.4级地震动观测记录。地震记录显示这些余震的震中距和震级分布比较均匀,为建立地震动衰减关系奠定了较好的数据基础。本文基于汶川地震MS3.3～6.4震级范围内、震中距小于150 km区域范围的余震观测数据进行了统计回归分析,建立了汶川地震余震(MS≤6.4)的衰减关系模型,并对地震动加速度峰值(PGA)给出了具体的衰减关系表达式。     

"防灾减灾博士后研究工作站"正式启动

2006年11月8日下午,“北京市气象局、北京师范大学联合培养博士后签字仪式”在北京市气象局九层学术厅举行。中国气象局、北京市科委、北京市科协、北京市人事局、北京市应急办、北京师范大学、北京市气象局、北京市地震局、北京市水务局、北京市公安消     

Enhanced arsenate removal from aqueous solution by Mn-doped MgAl-layered double hydroxides

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, Mn-doped MgAl-layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were successfully synthesized for efficient removal arsenate from aqueous solution. The...     

手工电弧焊接的劳动保护

随着经济的快速发展,从城市到乡村,从大企业到小型个体户的焊接加工部,从建筑高楼大厦到农民建造住宅,都在大量使用手工电弧焊接作业.     

高速公路路面沉积物的污染特性

对湖南省长潭西高速公路不同采样点的路面沉积物进行取样分析,并检测了样品的颗粒级配、COD、重金属(Cu、Zn、Pb和Cd)和有机质。结果表明,路面沉积物主要以粒径<0.15 mm的颗粒为主;较小颗粒物中的COD含量高于较大颗粒中的COD含量;粒径在0.15 mm以下的颗粒物所含重金属Cu、Zn、Pb和Cd的浓度普遍高于所选的土壤标准值,降雨一旦形成径流将会产生严重的污染危害;沉积物中的有机质含量对重金属的吸附有一定的影响,有机质含量越高,沉积物中重金属含量相对也高。     

Rubber and pulp plantations represent a double threat to Hainan's natural tropical forests

Hainan, the largest tropical island in China, belongs to the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot and harbors large areas of tropical forests, particularly in the uplands. The Changhua watershed is the cradle of Hainan's main river and a center of endemism for plants and birds. The watershed contains great habitat diversity and is an important conservation area. We analyzed the impact of rubber and pulp plantations on the distribution and area of tropical forest in the watershed, using remote sensing analysis of Landsat images from 1988, 1995 and 2005. From 1988 to 1995, natural forest increased in area (979-1040?sq?km) but decreased rapidly (763?sq?km) over the next decade. Rubber plantations increased steadily through the study period while pulp plantations appeared after 1995 but occupied 152?sq?km by 2005. Rubber and pulp plantations displace different types of natural forest and do not replace one another. Because pulp is not as profitable as rubber and existing pulp processing capacity greatly exceeds local supply, considerable pressure exists on remaining upland forests. We recommend for future management that these plantation forests be reclassified as 'industrial', making a clear policy distinction between natural and industrial forestry. Additionally, the local government should work to enforce existing laws preventing forest conversion on marginal and protected areas.     

脱硫石膏粒径分布与脱水性能实验研究

脱硫石膏粒径分布是影响脱硫石膏浆液脱水性能的重要因素之一,以干法、湿法筛分和研磨破碎获得不同粒径分布的脱硫石膏,在相同的过滤条件下,对不同粒径分布脱硫石膏浆液脱水性能进行了研究,实验结果表明,当脱硫石膏粒径d50大于50μm且（d90-d10）小于100μm,真空过滤最大真空度不低于0．098MPa,过滤时间不少于2．5min,滤饼厚度不超过20mm时,石膏滤饼含水率可以降低到12％以下（最低可达10％）;d50在17μm为脱硫石膏在相同的过滤条件下能够实现真空脱水干燥的转折点;d50和（d90-d10）共同影响石膏脱水性能,d50小于20μm时,仅表现为d50的影响。