排序方式: 共有15条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Ivan Jarić Céline Bellard Ricardo A. Correia Franck Courchamp Karel Douda Franz Essl Jonathan M. Jeschke Gregor Kalinkat Lukáš Kalous Robert J. Lennox Ana Novoa Raphaël Proulx Petr Pyšek Andrea Soriano–Redondo Allan T. Souza Reut Vardi Diogo Veríssimo Uri Roll 《Conservation biology》2021,35(2):447-451
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Nieto Castillo AM Soriano JJ García-Delgado RA 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2008,30(2):153-157
A laboratory study has been carried out to determine the feasibility of in situ remediation of chromium (VI)-contaminated
soil using electrodialysis in relation to its speciation in soil. This technique is best suited for low-permeability soils
or sediments, which may be difficult to remediate by other means and implies the application of a low-intensity direct current
to the soil, which is separated from the electrode compartments by ion-exchange membranes. A clayey soil was prepared for
use in the experiments and was characterized before being mixed with a solution of potassium dichromate for several days to
produce a final Cr content of 4,056 mg/kg of soil dry wt. Remediation tests were carried out under constant-voltage conditions
for periods of 7–14 days and the evolution of applied current to the cell, pH, and conductivity of the electrolytes were recorded
periodically. Fractionation of chromium was determined for soil samples before and after remediation using a standardized
four-step sequential extraction procedure (SEP) with acetic acid, hydroxylamine, hydrogen peroxide, and aqua regia solutions.
Results show that chromium is mobilized from the most labile phases (soluble/exchangeable/carbonate). In a 15 V test, SEP
results show that the amount of chromium extracted in the first step drops from 80% to 9%, but also that changes in the total
chromium distribution occur during the treatment with some transferred to other soil phases that are more difficult to mobilize. 相似文献
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Moreno DA Víllora G Soriano MT Castilla N Romero L 《Journal of environmental management》2005,74(1):89-96
Currently, pollution of our agricultural soils and waters is increasing and is often associated with many human health ailments. Soils contaminated with low levels of heavy metals and other trace elements are frequently used for growing vegetable crops and in such a situation, these toxic contaminants often accumulate in the edible portions of these agricultural plants and thereby enter the human food chain. In 3 consecutive years of field experiments (1994-1996), two different crop-covering treatments--T (50 microm perforated polyethylene), and T2 (17 gm(-2) non-woven polypropylene)--were used to modify the environmental conditions for the growth of Chinese cabbage 'Nagaoka 50' [Brassica rapa L. (Pekinensis group)]. Open-air plots (T(0)) were used as controls. Analytical determinations of chromium (Cr), selenium (Se), two forms of sulfur (total-S and sulfate-S), and amino acids (Isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, serine, threonine, and valine) were performed utilizing plant shoots for analysis. The T1 and T2 treated plants contained concentrations of lysine, methionine, serine, and threonine higher than in T(0). Under T1, the extent of Cr and Se removal in the field was more favorable. Direct covers could be used in contaminated agricultural zones for a variety of plant species, not just for use with those plants previously reported to be efficient at bio-accumulating toxic elements because the thermal effect created by the covers favors phytoextraction processes. However, it is clear that the accumulation of these toxic substances in the plants (Cr) would deem the plant material unsuitable for human consumption and use as animal fodder. 相似文献
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L.?V.?CremadesEmail author C.?Soriano J.?A.?Cusidó 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2018,20(4):1651-1663
The inertization of sewage sludge in ceramic matrices to be used in structural or red ceramic material for buildings has proved to be a good case of reuse of waste material. However, its practical application has not yet been fully implemented in real-case scenarios, and environmental concern seems to be the main hurdle to overcome for its definitive massive approval by the building industry. In this contribution, air emissions related to the sintering of ceramic bricks made of mixtures of clay with some percentage of sewage sludge have been analyzed (in terms of gases, suspended particles and odors). Tests conducted during this work have shown higher VOC emissions in samples with some percentage of sludge in their composition (still under the regulated emission limit values), and some of them (mercaptans) are associated with odor nuisances. Besides, limit emissions values were exceeded by three inorganic pollutants (suspended particles, NOx and HCl). Measurements in an industrial scenario test showed a high variability in air pollution emissions, suggesting the need of in situ testing for definitive implementation. With the experience collected in this and several previous works in the area of emissions related to the production of added sewage sludge ceramic, some guidelines and recommendations are given to minimize the environmental impact of ceramic production plants implementing this particular waste revalorization process. Guidelines cover different aspects: workplace implementation of gas cleaning equipment; geographical context and local wind pattern analysis; monitoring of emission and immission levels; and information policy through social control participation procedures for reporting of nuisance episodes. 相似文献
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Sanchez Rodriguez Mdel R Lugo Vazquez A Oliva Martinez MG Verver y Vargas JG Rodriguez Rocha A Peralta Soriano L 《Journal of environmental biology / Academy of Environmental Biology, India》2011,32(4):497-503
Taxonomical composition and abundance of the planktonic ciliate assemblage in a Lake Tezozomoc, a hypertrophic pond located into an urban park in Mexico City, was investigated along the rainy season (May to October). The aims of the study were to know the main trophic roles and ecological significance of ciliates in a highly productive environment. A low number of taxa (27) and a wide abundance fluctuation (104-387 cil ml(-1)) were found. The most abundant species (up to 162 cil ml(-1)) was Halteria grandinella, an oligotrich ciliate that graze on bacteria and picoplankton, but also several big body sized species that feed on pico and nanoplankton were abundant. Sudden temporal changes in species dominance occurred. Ciliate biomass was very high and fluctuated widely (1.6-88 10(6) microm(3) ml(-1)) being dominated by the >50 microm size fraction that mainly included the pico and nanoplankton feeders. Ciliates are a very important component in the plankton of hypertrophic lakes and their main control factor seems to be the grazing by big-body size Daphnia species. 相似文献
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Viñas L Franco A Blanco X Bargiela J Soriano JA Perez-Fernandez B Gonzalez JJ 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2012,19(2):529-539
The aim of this study was to establish the temporal trends and spatial distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)
in Ria de Vigo by means of studying the PAH burden in wild mussels. The samples were collected in eight sites along the margins
of the Ria de Vigo during November from 1998 to 2008 and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon contents were determined using high
performance liquid chromatography–fluorescence derivatization (HPLC–FLD). Quality of chemical analysis was guaranteed by participation
in QUASIMEME intercalibration exercises carried out during the period of analysis. The concentrations for the sum of 13 PAHs
were in the range 24–480 μg/kg dw, typical of an urban and industrialized area (50–500 μg/kg dw) except for a punctual input
in La Guía in 1998 that led to a concentration above 1,000 μg/kg dw. In general, the sites in the outermost section of the
estuary (ría) showed the lowest values, with an increasing gradient in the medium and inner parts of the ría. Temporal patterns
show, in general, a downward trend. The relative proportion of 3 and 4 ring PAHs also varies with the site, the former being
predominant in the outermost area and the latter in the medium and inner parts of the ría. This is consistently related with
the sources and processes taking place in different areas of the estuary. 相似文献
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C. Boix A. Calvo A. C. Imeson J. M. Schoorl Soriano Soto I. R. Tiemessen 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1995,37(1-3):79-92
To study desertification processes relating to soil erosion, a climatological and altitudinal gradient from south to north was selected in Crete (Greece) and four locations were selected along the gradient. At the locations precipitation ranged from 1400 mm/year at the highest location to 400 mm/year at the lowest. All locations are affected by the actual land use: intensive grazing, small controlled fires, and abandoned agricultural terraces. Representative soil profiles were described in the field and analyzed in the laboratory, and rainfall simulation experiments in the field measured soil erosion over different soil surfaces and land uses. Data on physical and chemical properties were obtained from the soil profiles and soil hydrology, and erosion data were obtained from the rainfall simulation experiments. Soil aggregation was studied with samples taken from the soil in the rainfall simulation plots and special attention being paid to the aggregate size distribution and the water-stable microaggregation. The interaction between climatological conditions and land use seems to be the main factor controlling soil erosion. This paper describes how the expected erosion along the gradient (from the most humid to the driest site) can be affected and disturbed by specific processes derived from land use. 相似文献
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Barros N Borrego C Toll I Soriano C Jiménez P Baldasano JM 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2003,53(3):347-359
Numerical simulations with photochemical transport models were independently performed for two domains situated in the Iberian Peninsula covering the Lisbon and Barcelona airsheds. Although the days chosen for simulation of the two cities are not the same, the synoptic situations in both cases, known as typical summertime situations, were similar, which allowed the development of typical mesoscale circulations, such as sea breezes and mountain and valley winds dominated by the Azores anticyclone. Emission inventories for the two areas were developed. The O3 concentrations recorded in both cities have a similar level. Nevertheless, O(x) values in Barcelona are higher than in Lisbon, which may, at a first glance, indicate an apparently more oxidant atmosphere in Barcelona. Photochemical modeling for the two cities has shown that the behavior of the circulatory patterns in both urban areas is rather different, which mainly has to do with the different strengths of the sea breeze and the topography, inducing an important offshore vertical layered dimension of pollutant transport in Barcelona versus an important inland horizontal transport in Lisbon. 相似文献
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Bioremediation of a weathered and a recently oil-contaminated soils from Brazil: a comparison study 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
The facility with which hydrocarbons can be removed from soils varies inversely with aging of soil samples as a result of weathering. Weathering refers to the result of biological, chemical and physical processes that can affect the type of hydrocarbons that remain in a soil. These processes enhance the sorption of hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) to the soil matrix, decreasing the rate and extent of biodegradation. Additionally, pollutant compounds in high concentrations can more easily affect the microbial population of a recently contaminated soil than in a weathered one, leading to inhibition of the biodegradation process. The present work aimed at comparing the biodegradation efficiencies obtained in a recently oil-contaminated soil (spiked one) from Brazil and an weathered one, contaminated for four years, after the application of bioaugmentation and biostimulation techniques. Both soils were contaminated with 5.4% of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) and the highest biodegradation efficiency (7.4%) was reached for the weathered contaminated soil. It could be concluded that the low biodegradation efficiencies reached for all conditions tested reflect the treatment difficulty of a weathered soil contaminated with a high crude oil concentration. Moreover, both soils (weathered and recently contaminated) submitted to bioaugmentation and biostimulation techniques presented biodegradation efficiencies approximately twice as higher as the ones without the aforementioned treatment (natural attenuation). 相似文献