我国主要花生品种的AFLP分析

对32个来源于中国不同产地的花生品种进行了AFLP指纹图谱及相似性聚类分析．结果表明：所有供试花生品种的遗传相似性为35％，在45％的相似性水平处分为3个群，表明我国的花生品种存在遗传多态性．AFLP指纹图谱分析技术能很好地反映出花生品种之间存在的遗传差异．图2表1参26     

The role of community-based watershed development in reducing farmers’ vulnerability to climate change and variability in the northwestern highlands of Ethiopia

ABSTRACT

Community-based watershed development (CBWD) has been implemented in Ethiopia since the last three decades. However, the benefits of these watershed development interventions for climate change adaptation are not well documented. This study, therefore, assesses the contributions of CBWD in reducing farmers’ vulnerability to the impacts of climate change and variability in the northwestern highlands of Ethiopia. Data were collected from systematically selected 157 households using questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of questions on climate, ecosystem and households’ livelihood capital. Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) and Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change Livelihood Vulnerability Index (IPCC-LVI) methods were used to generate vulnerability indices. Vulnerability indices computed for three conserved watersheds were compared with one non-conserved watershed using one-way ANOVA test. LVI score for ecosystem related indicators was significantly low for Adef Wuha compared to the non-conserved watershed. Similarly, LVI scores generated from agriculture, wealth and social indicators were low for Tija Baji and Guansa watersheds. On the other hand, the IPCC-LVI result did not show significant differences in exposure; however, sensitivity scores of conserved watersheds were significantly lower compared to the non-conserved. The adaptive capacities of two conserved watersheds (Guansa and Tija Baji) were also significantly lower as compared to the non-conserved. The overall (composite) vulnerability of watersheds generated from both methods (LVI and IPCC-LVI) showed that the conserved watersheds were less vulnerable to climate change compared to the non-conserved. The findings suggest that CBWD is an important strategy to reduce vulnerability of smallholder farmers to the ongoing and future climate change.     

Human–Gelada Conflict and Attitude of the Local Community toward the Conservation of the Southern Gelada (Theropithecus gelada obscurus) around Borena Saynit National Park,Ethiopia

Environmental Management - Understanding the extent of human–primate conflict in areas where habitat overlap reaches at maximum level between local farmers and primates is crucial to...     

应用AFLP技术对斜茎黄芪根瘤菌遗传多样性的分析研究

采用ＡＦＬＰ指纹图谱分析技术对来自我国不同地区的９５株斜茎黄芪根瘤菌及２４株已知根瘤菌的参比菌一起进行遗传多样性研究．结果表明,在５０％相似性水平上,全部菌株被分为３１个ＡＦＬＰ群,显示出极大的遗传多样性．相关性较高的菌株的聚类结果与先前的表型性状数值分析结果相一致．具相同ＡＦＬＰ指纹图谱的菌株都具有相同的生长速度,且其中大部分菌株来自我国同一地区,同时具很高的表型相似性．此外,本研究表明,ＡＦＬＰ指纹技术具更高的分辩率,更能揭示种内的遗传多样性