SBR法常、低温下生活污水短程硝化的实现及特性

采用序批式反应器(SBR)处理实际生活污水,通过实时控制好氧曝气时间,在常温下快速实现短程硝化,并在低温下长期维持稳定的短程硝化.结果表明,随着温度逐渐降低,比氨氧化速率略微减缓,27℃的平均比氨氧化速率是13℃时的1.68倍,但亚硝化积累率始终维持在90%以上,该温度区间内氨氧化反应的温度系数为1.051.通过荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术对低温下维持稳定短程硝化的污泥进行种群分析发现,实时控制策略为氨氧化菌(AOB)成为优势硝化菌群创造了有利条件,AOB的相对百分含量达到8%~9%,而亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)逐渐被淘洗出反应器.在低温下要实现短程硝化,可首先在常温下利用好氧曝气时间实时控制实现亚硝态氮的积累和AOB的优势生长,然后通过逐渐降温使AOB适应在低温下生长.     

黄河三角洲湿地土壤微生物群落结构分析

采用末端限制性片段长度多态性分析(T-RFLP)技术和16S rDNA克隆文库的方法,分析了黄河三角洲滨海湿地土壤不同深度细菌和古菌的群落结构.研究表明,随着深度的增加,细菌群落的多样性下降,而古菌群落多样性则有上升的趋势,且土壤的细菌和古菌群落结构都呈现出规律的层状分布.该土壤包括各种硫酸盐还原菌、产甲烷古菌、光合细菌等丰富的细菌和古菌资源.图5参27     

Intercross real-time control strategy in alternating activated sludge process for short-cut biological nitrogen removal treating domestic wastewater

To develop technically feasible and economically favorable dynamic process control(DPC)strategies for an alternating activated sludge(AAS)system,a bench-scale continuous-flow alternating aerobic and anoxic reactor,performing short-cut nitrogen removal from real domestic wastewater was operated under different control strategies for more than five months.A fixed-time control(FTC) study showed that bending-points on pH and oxidation-reduction potential(ORP)profiles accurately coincided with the major biolo...     

Nitrous oxide production during nitrogen removal from domestic wastewater in lab-scale sequencing batch reactor

The production of N2O during nitrogen removal from real domestic wastewater was investigated in a lab-scale aerobic-anoxic sequencing batch reactor with a working volume of 14 L. The results showed that the total N2O-N production reached higher than 1.87 mg/L, and up to 4% of removed nitrogen was converted into N20. In addition, N20 led to a much higher greenhouse effect than CO2 during aerobic reaction phase, this proved that N2O production could not be neglected. The N2O-N production during nitrification was 1.85mg/L, whereas, during denitrification, no N2O was produced, nitrification was the main source of N2O production during nitrogen removal. Furthermore, during denitrification, the dissolved N2O at the end of aeration was found to be further reduced to N2. Denitrification thus had the potential of controlling N2O production.