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Bertrand Schatz Jean-Paul Lachaud Guy Beugnon 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》1997,40(6):337-349
According to the weight and size of their prey, Ectatomma ruidum workers can employ different recruitment systems (solitary hunting, cooperative hunting and group hunting with recruitment)
when mastering and retrieving prey items from short distances from the nest. Prey size determined the backwards entry typically
adopted by this species, while prey weight determined the predatory strategy selected. After a common initial sequence (search
for prey, detection, localization), predatory sequences varied in terms of the type of approach, the site of seizure, the
reaction after stinging and the type of transport. Nevertheless, irrespective of prey weight and size, seizure was preferentially
oriented towards the head and prey were always stung. Short-range recruitment and mass recruitment without trail laying were
elicited by a large range of heavy prey (> 2.5 times the weight of an individual worker). According to the mortality risk
associated with each prey, hunters exhibited a “prudent” stinging posture associated with an increase in the duration of the
subsequent phase of waiting for prey immobilization. The overall time of capture was positively correlated with the weight
of the prey. When collective hunting strategies were involved, E. ruidum colonies matched the number of recruited hunters to the size and weight of the prey. Compared to solitary hunting strategies,
for short food–nest distances, this graded recruitment appeared to enhance the energetic benefits derived by this species
from the use of recruitment systems: the higher the number of workers involved in the recruitment process, the greater the
energetic benefits obtained. The exhibition or absence of trail laying behavior in the recruitment responses displayed by
E. ruidum workers is discussed in relation to their involvement in scavenging or predatory behavior.
Received: 27 June 1996 / Accepted after revision: 3 March 1997 相似文献
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Miniaturized queens, microgynes, are regarded as an alternative reproductive strategy sparsely present through the ant world.
The described roles of miniaturized queens include alternative short-distance dispersal morphs, an adaptation to polygyny
and inquiline parasites. Some of these inquiline parasite microgynes have been described as a separate species from their
host. In the poneromorph group, miniaturized queens are only reported in two Mexican populations of two Ectatomminae: Ectatomma tuberculatum, in which small queens represent an inquiline species (Ectatomma parasiticum) and Ectatomma ruidum. E. ruidum presents apparently facultative polygyny with microgynes. We used mitochondrial DNA markers and newly developed microsatellite
loci to investigate the status as well as the role of microgynes in E. ruidum. We confirmed that microgynes and macrogynes are from the same species. This species is almost exclusively monogynous and
monoandrous, supernumerary dealate queens of both types being actually daughters of the mother queen. An apparently polygynous
nest was more often headed by a macrogyne than a microgyne. We didn't find any inbreeding or isolation by distance in the
studied population, indicating that new gynes are inseminated by unrelated males and can establish a new nest far from their
natal nest. However, re-adoption of daughter queens seems to be the rule and rate of microgyny appears to be linked to nest
density and environmental factors. 相似文献
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