有机磷酸酯诱导迟发性神经毒性及其对神经毒性酯酶（NTE）活性影响的动态研究

以成年产卵来航母鸡为试验动物，研究了三甲基苯基磷酸酯（Ｔｒｉ－ｏ－ＣｒｅｓｙｌＰｈｏｓ－ｐｈａｔｅ，ＴＯＣＰ）诱导的迟发性神经毒性．试验发现，母鸡口服ＴＯＣＰ（７５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）后，经过大约８－１０ｄ的潜伏期开始出现中毒症状，其表现为以步态失调为主要特征的运动障碍呈进行性加重，至第２１ｄ开始便发展为瘫痪，对鸡脑神经病损靶标酯酶（ＮｅｕｒｏｐａｔｈｙＴａｒｇｅｔＥｎｚｙｍｅ，ＮＴＥ）活性的测定表明，有机械诱导的迟发性神经毒性（Ｏｒｇａｎｏｐｈｏｓｐｈａｔｅ－ＩｎｄｕｃｅｄＤｅｌａｙｅｄＰｏｌｙｎｅｕｒｏｐａｔｈｙ，ＯＰＩＤＰ）与ＮＴＥ活性抑制之间的关系不平行，其毒性症状的轻重与ＮＴＥ活性被抑制的强弱也不呈正相关，很可能，在给药后２４ｈ，体内ＯＰＩＤＰ已被触发，此外，实验观察到给予ＴＯＣＰ后被试鸡的体重明显下降。     

可吸入颗粒物对我市环境空气质量的影响及对策建议

近年来,随着城市化建设进程的加速和环境保护工作的深入开展,城市环境空气质量的污染类型已由SO2与PMIO混合型污染,逐步转变为以扬尘为主要污染物的可吸入颗粒物污染,通过对我市市区空气质量状况、可吸入颗粒物污染成因分析,提出控制或削减可吸入颗粒物污染的对策建议。     

西北地区沙尘暴引发的荒漠化问题

从西北地区继1993～1995年连续3a出现沙尘暴之后，1996年甘肃和内蒙古西部的阿盟等地再次遭到沙尘暴的袭击入手，分析了沙尘暴发生的原因，指出它归根结底是荒漠化的直接后果。概述了荒漠化的状况及危害，并分析了其成因。     

The effect of limiting nutrient on metal toxicity to selenastrum capricornutum

Metal toxicity on selenastrum capricornutum were examined by batch culture and chemostat culture system. EC₅₀ values under nutrient‐limited condition and saturated condition were compared. The two EC_5Os differed by a factor of 10.6 for Cd in batch test, and differed by a factor of 6.5 in continuous test. Both batch and continuous test results indicate that inhibition on algal growth is more severe under nutrient‐limited conditions compared to that under near saturation conditions.

Strong correlation, as characterized by the correlation coefficient ρ, were found between the activation level (nutrient requirement) and the tolerance of microorganisms to the toxicant. ρ is equal to 0.9 for the case of Cd in batch test and 0.6 in continuous test. The theory in this study provides generally good estimations to the dose‐response relationship at limiting nutrient conditions. The study indicate that nutrient conditions constitute an important factor in algal toxicity tests.     

等离子体协同光催化去除模拟烟气中SO2的实验研究

近年来,低温等离子体技术以及纳米TiO₂光催化技术在烟气脱硫中的应用越来越引起人们的关注。利用填充床反应器将这2种技术有机地结合起来，进行了大量脱硫实验研究。研究结果表明，等离子体协同光催化去除烟气中的SO₂与单独采用等离子体技术相比，其SO₂的去除率可提高5%～20%。同时，探讨了等离子体协同TiO₂光催化剂的脱硫机理，分别研究了外加电压、气体流量和SO₂初始浓度等因素对脱硫效率的影响。实验结果表明，当SO₂初始浓度为800 mg/m³，输入电压为17.5 kV，气体流量为0.2 m³/h时，SO₂脱除率可以达到77.6%。     

有机磷酸酯诱导迟发性神经毒性及其对神经毒性酯酶(NTE)活性影响的动态研究

以成年产卵来航母鸡为试验动物，研究了三甲基苯基磷酸酯诱导的迟发性神经毒性。试验发现，母鸡口服ＴＯＣＰ后经过大约８－１０ｄ的潜伏期开始出现中毒症状，其表现为以步态失调为主要特征的运动障碍呈进行性加重，至２１ｄ开始便发展为瘫痪。     

Aquatic biomonitoring of Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts in peninsular Malaysia

An aquatic biomonitoring of Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts in river water corresponding to five villages situated in three states in peninsular Malaysia was determined. There were 51.3 % (20/39) and 23.1 % (9/39) samples positive for Giardia and Cryptosporidium (oo)cysts, respectively. Overall mean concentration between villages for Giardia cysts ranged from 0.10 to 25.80 cysts/l whilst Cryptosporidium oocysts ranged from 0.10 to 0.90 oocysts/l. Detailed results of the river samples from five villages indicated that Kuala Pangsun 100 % (9/9), Kemensah 77.8 % (7/9), Pos Piah 33.3 % (3/9) and Paya Lebar 33.3 % (1/3) were contaminated with Giardia cysts whilst Cryptosporidium (oo)cysts were only detected in Kemensah (100 %; 9/9) and Kuala Pangsun (66.6 %; 6/9). However, the water samples from Bentong were all negative for these waterborne parasites. Samples were collected from lower point, midpoint and upper point. Midpoint refers to the section of the river where the studied communities are highly populated. Meanwhile, the position of the lower point is at least 2 km southward of the midpoint and upper point is at least 2 km northward of the midpoint. The highest mean concentration for (oo)cysts was found at the lower points [3.15?±?6.09 (oo)cysts/l], followed by midpoints [0.66?±?1.10 (oo)cysts/l] and upper points [0.66?±?0.92 (oo)cysts/l]. The mean concentration of Giardia cysts was highest at Kuala Pangsun (i.e. 5.97?±?7.0 cysts/l), followed by Kemensah (0.83?±?0.81 cysts/l), Pos Piah (0.20?±?0.35 cysts/l) and Paya Lebar (0.10?±?0.19 cysts/l). On the other hand, the mean concentration of Cryptosporidium oocysts was higher at Kemensah (0.31?±?0.19 cysts/l) compared to Kuala Pangsun (0.03?±?0.03cysts/l). All the physical and chemical parameters did not show significant correlation with both protozoa. In future, viability status and molecular characterisation of Giardia and Cryptosporidium should be applied to identify species and genotypes/subgenotypes for better understanding of the epidemiology of these waterborne parasites.     

工业企业厂界环境噪声监测中背景噪声监测及修正探讨

针对测量结果修正的相关要求,本文对新颁布的《工业企业厂界环境噪声排放标准》（GB12348-2008）和旧标准《工业企业厂界噪声测量方法》（GB／T12349-1990）在实际工作中的运用进行了比对、分析和探讨,并根据实际工作经验,提出了在背景噪声难以测量的一些特殊情况下的几种解决途径,主要提出噪声源声值与背景声值相差小于3dB（A）时的解决方案。     

玻璃钢管线在英买力潜山原油集输中的应用

埋地管道的腐蚀是影响油气田地面工程安全运行的重要因素之一,玻璃钢管道的非金属特性根除了腐蚀环境的形成,杜绝了管道腐蚀穿孔事件的发生,降低了污染土壤等环境问题发生的机率,塔里木油田管道服役现状、史密斯公司30a的研究结果对此做了充分的诠释。英—红外输油管道和哈森-威廉姆斯公式分别从实践和理论上展示了玻璃钢管卓越的水力特性,英买力潜山玻璃钢管线具有良好的经济和社会效益。