不同配方营养液对蔓性千斤拔漂浮育苗幼苗生长特性的影响

为筛选出适宜的营养液配方,在漂浮育苗的条件下,比较研究了不同配方营养液对蔓性千斤拔幼苗生长特性的影响,结果表明,除幼苗叶片数外,不同配方营养液处理在株高,主根长、一级侧根数和单株干物重、根冠比上均存在显著差异,其中NSF4(番茄营养液)处理在幼苗个体生长指标上表现出较强的比较优势,与CK相比较,在其株高、一级侧根数和单株干物质积累量分别显著增加252.3%、14%和236.6%,但叶片数上无显著差异;其主根长和根冠比分别显著降低了38%和76.9%;NSF2(改良Hoagland’s营养液)和NSF3(日本园艺均衡)两配方营养液在幼苗个体生长指标上表现次之,表现较差的为NSF1(Hoagland’s营养液)和NSF5(莴苣水培营养液)两配方营养液,但其在幼苗根冠比上具有较显著的比较优势.     

康宁中国（上海）排放控制产品生产厂扩充工程正式竣工

2007年11月27日，康宁（上海）有限公司（CSCL）生产清洁空气产品的产能扩充竣工庆祝典礼在康宁环境科技部上海工厂举行，新增产能将帮助康宁提高生产产能，从而满足我国乃至全球市场对应用于轻型车辆的先进陶瓷载体的需求。     

Deposition of atmospheric ammonia to moorlands

Micrometeorological methods were applied to measure fluxes of atmospheric ammonia (NH3) to moorlands. Measurements were made in a wide variety of surface conditions and included both Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull and Eriophorum vaginatum L. dominated sites. NH3 was found to deposit rapidly to all the sites investigated, providing large deposition velocities (Vd, typically 10-40 mm s(-1)) and usually minimal surface resistances (rc). A small number of measurements were made in frozen conditions and suggest a possible exception to this pattern with mean rc of 50-200 s m(-1). The effect of vegetation drying was also investigated and a possible increase in rc observed, though this was small (< 10 s m(-1)). The results are interpreted in terms of the processes controlling exchange; it is shown that NH3 deposition is predominantly to the leaf surfaces and that the net NH3 compensation point approaches zero. Annual estimates show that dry deposition of NH3 is a major source of atmospheric nitrogen to moorland ecosystems. For two typical UK sites subject to background air concentrations, NH3 dry deposition is of similar magnitude to equivalent NH4+ inputs in wet deposition. In the vicinity of emission sources, NH3 dry deposition is expected to dominate inputs of atmospheric nitrogen.     

废塑料再生过程废水中微塑料去除模拟试验

微塑料是一种存在于不同环境介质中的新兴污染物,主要来源于废弃塑料制品,其存在污染范围广、潜在环境污染大的问题.废塑料再生企业生产废水中微塑料浓度远高于其他类型废水,对其生产废水中的微塑料进行处理具有重要的环境意义.模拟废塑料再生过程的生产废水并进行微塑料去除的絮凝沉淀试验,研究絮凝剂投加量、pH、水力快速搅拌条件的单因素和正交试验对废水中微塑料去除率及其各因素作用的影响.结果表明:①当PAC (聚合氯化铝)投加量为10 mL,PAM (聚丙烯酰胺)投加量为7 mL,pH为9,水力快速搅拌条件为100 r/min下维持40 s再200 r/min下维持40 s时,微塑料的总去除率最高,达91%.②PAC投加量是影响微塑料去除效果的主要因素,其次是pH.③微塑料的去除率与其本身的密度有关,密度大的ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene,丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯)去除率最高,密度小的PE (polyethylene,聚乙烯)去除率最低.④不同粒径区间的微塑料去除率区别较大,粒径小(0.1~0.25 mm)的微塑料去除效果最好.研究显示,通过控制PAC和PAM的投加量、pH和水力搅拌速率等条件,能够有效将废水中的微塑料通过絮凝沉淀的方法去除,从而达到净化含微塑料生产废水的目的.      

Design of National Groundwater Quality Monitoring Network in Egypt

In the Nile Valley and Delta the protection of groundwater resources is high priority environmental concern. Many groundwater quality problems are already dispersed and may be widespread and frequent in occurrence. Examples include problems associated with the extensive application of chemical fertilizers in agricultural specially in the new reclaimed areas, leaks in sewers, septic tanks, the aggregate effects of many different points source pollution in urban areas and natural, geologically related water quality problems. A national groundwater quality monitoring has been designed and implemented based on the stepwise procedure. The national groundwater quality monitoring network is used to quantify the quality changes in long run, either caused by pollution activities or by salt water intrusion and to describe the overall current groundwater quality status on a national scale of the main aquifers. The monitoring tools and methodologies developed in this research can be used to assure protection of public health and determine the sustainability of groundwater in various purposes. This national monitoring network plays important roles for decision makers in developing the groundwater resources management plans in different aquifers systems in Egypt.     

Chemical monitoring and evaluation of the water quality of the Douro River at the Crestuma-Lever dam

Water taken from the Crestuma-Lever dam on the Douro River was evaluated considering the Portuguese Decree-law no. 236/98 of 1st August, 1998. This paper presents the metrological characteristics, validation of analytical methodologies and the data obtained from seasonal samplings. The test parameters selected are: temperature, pH, chloride, conductivity, carbon dioxide, alkalinity, hardness, oxidability, dissolved oxygen, BOD5, total suspended solids, sulfide, phosphate, silica, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, sulfate, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, copper and zinc. From data analysis we can conclude that the water presented the following characteristics: a pH situated in the neutral zone; a median mineralization; a medium hardness; well oxygenated water; and a carbonate hardness exclusively due to bicarbonates. The temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, chlorides, sulfates, copper, zinc and BOD5 were compared with the legal limits presented in annexes XXI and I of Decree-law 236/98. The results relating to total hardness, nitrites, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, aluminium, sulfides and oxidability were compared with the legal values in annex VI as there are no limits relating to these parameters in annexes XXI and I.     

Linear least squares method for time series analysis with an application to a methane time series

A simple method of time series analysis, based upon linear least squares curve fitting, is developed. The method's advantages and disadvantages are discussed, and an example is presented using the Vostok Core methane record.     

地下水污染

地下水是土壤里所含的天然水,也是人类最宝贵的自然资源之一。但是令人惊奇的是,人们过去没有对它所受到的污染引起足够的重视。1988年12月5～9日在英国的牛津举行的第150届英国科学促进协会上宣读了一篇论文,提供了许多国家地下水污染的情况。由英国地质测量部的约翰·马瑟发表的关于地下水污染的论文中指出,地下水除冰帽外,占地球上淡水资源的97%。许多国家的大量居民要靠地下水供应生活用水与农业灌溉用水。苏联人口的70%靠地下水生活;美国有一半以上人口用地下水作饮用水,97%的乡村居民全靠地下水生活,包括灌     

用改进的高密度污泥法处理高炉废水

改进的高密度污泥法是一种处理含有大量锌和氰化物的高炉废水的方法。该方法是将铁加入高炉废水中以分解锌——氰化物络合物,用高密度污泥法使锌呈氢氧化锌,氰化物呈亚铁氰化物沉淀析出。试验室结果表明,对于含锌达70mg/L,含氰化物达30mg/L的高炉废水,加入可溶性铁可使可溶锌浓度降低到0.3mg/L以下,总氰化物浓度降低到2.0mg/L以下。浓缩池浓浆的污泥密度可达到10～25%(含固体),从而使处理费用降至最少。