全文获取类型
收费全文 | 46篇 |
免费 | 0篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 1篇 |
废物处理 | 2篇 |
环保管理 | 1篇 |
综合类 | 14篇 |
基础理论 | 4篇 |
污染及防治 | 15篇 |
评价与监测 | 3篇 |
社会与环境 | 9篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 1篇 |
2017年 | 2篇 |
2016年 | 2篇 |
2015年 | 1篇 |
2014年 | 3篇 |
2013年 | 3篇 |
2012年 | 2篇 |
2011年 | 4篇 |
2010年 | 3篇 |
2009年 | 4篇 |
2008年 | 5篇 |
2007年 | 4篇 |
2006年 | 4篇 |
2005年 | 2篇 |
2004年 | 2篇 |
2003年 | 1篇 |
2000年 | 1篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1998年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有49条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Noya Y Mikami Y Taneda S Mori Y Suzuki AK Ohkura K Yamaki K Yoshino S Seki K 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2008,15(4):318-321
GOAL, SCOPE, AND BACKGROUND: Diesel exhaust is believed to consist of thousands of organic constituents and is a major cause of urban pollution. We recently reported that a systematic separation procedure involving successive solvent extractions, followed by repeated column chromatography, resulted in the isolation of vasodilatory active nitrophenols. These findings indicated that the estimation of the amount of nitrophenols in the environment is important to evaluate their effect on human health. The isolation procedure, however, involved successive solvent extractions followed by tedious, repeated chromatography, resulting in poor fractionation and in a significant loss of accuracy and reliability. Therefore, it was crucial to develop an alternative, efficient, and reliable analytical method. Here, we describe a facile and efficient acid-base extraction procedure for the analysis of nitrophenols. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Diesel exhaust particles (DEP) were collected from the exhaust of a 4JB1-type engine (ISUZU Automobile Co., Tokyo, Japan). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was performed with a GCMS-QP2010 instrument (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). RESULTS: A solution of DEP in 1-butanol was extracted with aqueous NaOH to afford a nitrophenol-rich oily extract. The resulting oil was methylated with trimethylsilyldiazomethane and subsequently subjected to GC-MS analysis, revealing that 4-nitrophenol, 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol, 2-methyl-4-nitrophenol, and 4-nitro-3-phenylphenol were present in significantly higher concentrations than those reported previously. DISCUSSION: Simple acid-base extraction followed by the direct analysis of the resulting extract by GC-MS gave only broad peaks of nitrophenols with a poor detection limit, while the GC-MS analysis of the sample pretreated with (trimethylsilyl)diazomethane gave satisfactorily clear chromatograms with sharp peaks and with a significantly lowered detection limit (0.5 ng/ml, approximately 100 times). CONCLUSION: The present method involving an acid-base extraction, in situ derivatization, and GC-MS analysis has shown to be a simple, efficient, and reliable method for the isolation and identification of the chemical substances in DEP. 相似文献
2.
Mato Y Suzuki N Katatani N Kadokami K Nakano T Nakayama S Sekii H Komoto S Miyake S Morita M 《Chemosphere》2007,67(9):S247-S255
PCDDs, PCDFs, and dioxin like PCBs (dioxin) surveillance results derived from regular environmental monitoring as well as other dioxin surveys by national and local governmental bodies in Japan were collected and analyzed. Several thousand data for air and soil in fiscal year 2001 (from 01/04/2001 to 31/03/2002) and 2002, water (from the sea, rivers and lakes), sediment (from the sea, rivers and lakes), ground water, aquatic organisms, purified water from water purification plants, raw water from water purification plants, human breast milk, and human blood in fiscal 2001, and total diet study (TDS) and various kinds of foodstuff in fiscal 1998-2002 were collected. Average human uptake of dioxin in Japan in fiscal 2001 was estimated at 1.68 pg-TEQ/kg-bw/day, while uptake in fiscal 2002 was estimated at 1.52 pg-TEQ/kg-bw/day. Diet accounted for more than 90% of the total intake. Contributions of inhalation and soil ingestion were relatively small. Age-group-specific contribution of various foodstuff to total dietary intake was also estimated. The estimates of intake through fish and shellfish accounted for approximately 45-70% of total dietary intake in each age group. Monte Carlo simulation was conducted, using the data of the air and soil concentrations in fiscal 2001 and the total diet study data in fiscal 1998-2001, in order to obtain information on the variability of dioxin intake; The estimated average, median, 5th percentile and 95th percentile of the intake distribution were 1.78, 1.69, 0.95 and 2.91 pg-TEQ/kg-bw/day, respectively. This study found that the average total intake estimates in Japan in both fiscal 2001 and 2002 were estimated to be below tolerable daily intake level (TDI) defined by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan (i.e. 4 pg-TEQ/kg-bw/day). The 95th percentile of the dioxin intake distributions estimated with Monte Carlo simulation using the data of the air and soil concentrations in fiscal 2001 and TDS data in fiscal 1998-2001 was also below the Japanese TDI. 相似文献
3.
Oikawa S Watabe T Inatomi N Isoyama N Misonoo J Suzuki C Nakahara M Nakamura R Morizono S Fujii S Hara T Kido K 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2011,102(3):302-310
A radioactivity survey was launched in 1991 to determine the background levels of 239+240Pu in the marine environment off a commercial spent nuclear fuel reprocessing plant before full operation of the facility. Particular attention was focused on the 240Pu/239Pu atom ratio in seawater and bottom sediment to identify the origins of Pu isotopes. The concentration of 239+240Pu was almost uniform in surface water, decreasing slowly over time. Conversely, the 239+240Pu concentration varied markedly in the bottom water and was dependent upon the sampling point, with higher concentrations of 239+240Pu observed in the bottom water sample at sampling points having greater depth. The 240Pu/239Pu atom ratio in the seawater and sediment samples was higher than that of global fallout Pu, and comparable with the data in the other sea area around Japan which has likely been affected by close-in fallout Pu originating from the Pacific Proving Grounds. The 240Pu/239Pu atom ratio in bottom sediment samples decreased with sea depth. The land-originated Pu is not considered as the reason of the increasing 239+240Pu concentration and also decreasing the 240Pu/239Pu atom ratio with sea depth, and further study is required to clarify it. 相似文献
4.
This study compared the accuracy of fuzzy habitat preference models (FHPMs) and habitat preference curves (HPCs) obtained from the FHPMs in order to assess the effect of two types of data [log-transformed fish population density (LOG) and presence-absence (P/A) data] on the habitat preference evaluation of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). Three independent data sets were prepared for each type of data. The results differed according to the data sets and the types of data used. The HPCs showed a similar trend, whilst the degrees of preference were different. The model accuracy also differed according to the data sets used. Although almost no statistical difference was observed, on average, the P/A-based models showed a better performance according to the threshold-independent performance measures, whilst the LOG-based models showed better performance in predicting absence of the fish. These results can be explained partly from the different shapes of HPCs. This case study of Japanese medaka demonstrated the effect of different types of data on habitat preference evaluation. Further studies should build on the present finding and evaluate the effects of data characteristics such as the size of data sets and the prevalence for better understanding and reliable assessment of the habitat for target species. 相似文献
5.
6.
Sorption of biodegradation end products of nonylphenol polyethoxylates onto activated sludge 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
Nguyen Viet Hung Masafumi Tate Michihiko Ike Masanori Fujit Shinji Tsunoi Minoru Tanaka 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2004,16(4):564-569
IntroductionRecently ,nonylphenolpolyethoxylates (NPnEO (n :numberofethoxyunits(EOs) )havebecomeaproblematicissueforthereasonthatthesecompounds,animportantgroupofnonionicsurfactants ,havebeenusedwidelyinvariousindustriesasflocculants,dispersants,emulsifie… 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
Most commercially based activated charcoal radon collectors were designed for use in indoor environments. However, at present, they are often used for research in radon surveys in unique environments, such as in the bathrooms, underground areas, mines, caves and tunnels. In these environments, the relative humidity would be around 100%, and a change in the sensitivity of cpm(Bq m(-3))(-1)(radon) would occur. For this study, the reduction in the sensitivity of activated charcoal radon collector due to environmental humidity was investigated, and the data correction was discussed. Here, ST-100 (Pico-Rad) was selected as an example of a familiar activated charcoal radon collector. According to our performance test, the humidity of 90% (20 degrees C) resulted in a 15% reduction of the sensitivity for 24 h collection. The ST-100 user should discuss the necessity of data correction by comparing the change of sensitivity with other levels of estimation errors. 相似文献
10.
Johannes Breit Satoru Komatsu Shinji Kaneko Partha Pratim Ghosh 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2016,18(1):73-94
This paper investigates household preferences regarding an improved supply of electricity in rural Bangladesh, where the expansion of stable electricity is an urgent policy issue. The paper examines household preferences regarding reductions in the frequency and duration of power outages. It also examines prior notification mechanisms that do not necessarily provide an increased supply of electricity but that allow households to prepare for potential power failures. A questionnaire survey designed as a choice experiment was applied to households to elicit preferences. The econometric analysis reveals that villagers prefer a reduction in both the frequency and duration of power outages and a 1-day prior notification of power outages. There are slight disparities in preferences according to the season and the timing of improvements (e.g., summer or winter and all day or peak hours). Thus, the present study may be beneficial for policymakers when considering the provision of electricity supply improvements in rural areas in exchange for slight increases in electricity tariffs. 相似文献