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A GIS based transportation model for solid waste disposal--a case study on Asansol municipality 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Uncontrolled growth of the urban population in developing countries in recent years has made solid waste management an important issue. Very often, a substantial amount of total expenditures is spent on the collection of solid waste by city authorities. Optimization of the routing system for collection and transport of solid waste thus constitutes an important component of an effective solid waste management system. This paper describes an attempt to design and develop an appropriate storage, collection and disposal plan for the Asansol Municipality Corporation (AMC) of West Bengal State (India). A GIS optimal routing model is proposed to determine the minimum cost/distance efficient collection paths for transporting the solid wastes to the landfill. The model uses information on population density, waste generation capacity, road network and the types of road, storage bins and collection vehicles, etc. The proposed model can be used as a decision support tool by municipal authorities for efficient management of the daily operations for transporting solid wastes, load balancing within vehicles, managing fuel consumption and generating work schedules for the workers and vehicles. The total cost of the proposed collection systems is estimated to be around 80 million rupees for the fixed cost of storage bins, collection vehicles and a sanitary landfill and around 8.4 million rupees for the annual operating cost of crews, vehicles and landfill maintenance. A substantial amount (25 million rupees/yr) is currently being spent by AMC on waste collection alone without any proper storage/collection system and sanitary landfill. Over a projected period of 15 yr, the overall savings is thus very significant. 相似文献
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Sanchita Bandyopadhyay-Ghosh Subrata B. Ghosh Mohini Sain 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2010,18(3):437-442
Soy-polyol has been synthesized via a low energy two-step continuous route thus avoiding intermediate steps and chemicals.
The functional groups of soy-polyol thus produced were identified by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy which
confirmed the cleavage of the double bonds, the formation of new epoxy linkages and the presence of hydroxyl groups. The change
in chemical structure and physical properties of the soy polyol was further characterized and the results indicated a successful
conversion with reduced unsaturation, increased hydroxyl number and increased viscosity. Polyurethane foam was prepared from
soy-polyol using isocyanate and thermogravimetric analysis was used to study its thermal decomposition behaviour. Multiple
transitions were identified in relation to depolymerization and bond dissociation. Density and compressive strength of the
soy-foam were found to be satisfactory. An investigation of microstructure of soy foam by scanning electron microscope and
X-ray computed tomography revealed the internal cell morphology and cell structure. 相似文献
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The importance of coal washeries in India is growing as local coals have a high ash content. At present, there are 23 coal washeries with an annual rated input of 45 Million Tonnes. During the various operations in washeries, large amounts of dusts and gaseous pollutants are generated. Four coal washery projects were surveyed to study their air pollution characteristics. Air monitoring stations were set up in local industrial, residential and sensitive areas and air pollution samples were collected along with micro-meteorological data. Diurnal variations of SPM, SO2 NOx and CO are discussed. SPM concentrations were found to exceed the permissible limits at all locations. SO2 and NOx were also found to exceed the permissible limit in residential and sensitive areas. It was observed that about 50% of the dust particles were less than 10 µ in diameter. Benzene soluble matter in SPM ranged from 45–62%. 相似文献
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S. M. Sharifuzzaman M. Shahadat Hossain Sayedur Rahman Chowdhury Subrata Sarker M. Shah Nawaz Chowdhury M. Zahedur Rahman Chowdhury 《Journal of Coastal Conservation》2018,22(6):1167-1176
Resilience has been conceptualized in various ways by anthropologists, ecologists, systems scientists and engineers; the boundaries of resilience are subjective and context dependent. Consequently, choosing the standards and metrics for assessing resilience remains key challenges for policy makers. In this study, using multicriteria evaluation of 40 basic criteria of human, physical, financial, natural and social assets, we have identified several elements, such as experienced fishermen, natural abundance of hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha), ability to assert decision on fish selling, nets and boats ownership, social harmony and capacity of buying food as essential livelihood assets for the fishermen at Hatiya Island, Bangladesh. These assets may enhance the relative resilience of the fishing community of the island to climate change by as much as 20–40%. The results of this study will improve our understanding of the elements that lead to resilience at the community level. 相似文献
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Bhattacharya Sandipan Das Papita Bhowal Avijit Majumder Subrata Kumar 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(41):61938-61953
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalyst has gained constant interest in the treatment of wastewater because of its greater stability, lower cost,... 相似文献
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Opencast mining dominates coal production in India. A survey was conducted to evaluate its local atmospheric impact. Emissions data were utilised to compute dust generation due to different mining activities. Work zone air quality, ambient air quality and seasonal variations are described revealing high pollution potential due to suspended particulate matter (SPM) and consequent impact on human health. Air pollution control measures involve planning and implementing a series of preventive and suppressive measures in addition to dust extraction systems. Different abatement measures are enumerated. Pollution control by trees, the tolerance of trees to different air pollutants and plant species useful for controlling pollution are also discussed. There is a need for wider application of dust control chemicals on haul roads. Sustainable management of pollution can be achieved by the proper implementation of suggested abatement measures. 相似文献
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