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排序方式: 共有125条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Kolangare Irfana Moideen Isloor Arun Mohan Inamuddin Asiri Abdullah Mohamed Ismail Ahmad Fauzi 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2019,17(2):1053-1059
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Water desalination and recycling of wastewater is a key challenge to meet water shortage issues. Thin film composite polyamide membranes are widely used for... 相似文献
2.
Most writers on resource management presume that local populations, if they act in their self-interest, seldom conserve or protect natural resources without external intervention or privatization. Using the example of forest management by villagers in the Indian Himalayas, this paper argues that rural populations can often use resources sustainably and successfully, even under assumptions of self-interested rationality. Under a set of specified social and environmental conditions, conditions that prevail in large areas of the Himalayas and may also exist in other mountain regions, community institutions are more efficient in managing resources than either private individuals or the central government. In advancing this argument, the paper undermines the often dogmatic belief in the universal superiority of private forms of ownership and management. 相似文献
3.
Sharma Navneet Kaushal Arun Yousuf Abrar Sood Anil Kaur Samanpreet Sharda Rakesh 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(1):515-531
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Erosion of soil by water coupled with human activities is considered as one of the... 相似文献
4.
Reem Hajjar Peter Cronkleton Emily Etue Peter Newton Aaron J.M. Russel Januarti Sinarra Tjajadi Wen Zhou Arun Agrawal 《Conservation biology》2016,30(6):1357-1362
Conservation and development practitioners increasingly promote community forestry as a way to conserve ecosystem services, consolidate resource rights, and reduce poverty. However, outcomes of community forestry have been mixed; many initiatives failed to achieve intended objectives. There is a rich literature on institutional arrangements of community forestry, but there has been little effort to examine the role of socioeconomic, market, and biophysical factors in shaping both land‐cover change dynamics and individual and collective livelihood outcomes. We systematically reviewed the peer‐reviewed literature on community forestry to examine and quantify existing knowledge gaps in the community‐forestry literature relative to these factors. In examining 697 cases of community forest management (CFM), extracted from 267 peer‐reviewed publications, we found 3 key trends that limit understanding of community forestry. First, we found substantial data gaps linking population dynamics, market forces, and biophysical characteristics to both environmental and livelihood outcomes. Second, most studies focused on environmental outcomes, and the majority of studies that assessed socioeconomic outcomes relied on qualitative data, making comparisons across cases difficult. Finally, there was a heavy bias toward studies on South Asian forests, indicating that the literature on community forestry may not be representative of decentralization policies and CFM globally. 相似文献
5.
Jeremy R. Brammer Nicolas D. Brunet A. Cole Burton Alain Cuerrier Finn Danielsen Kanwaljeet Dewan Thora Martina Herrmann Micha V. Jackson Rod Kennett Guillaume Larocque Monica Mulrennan Arun Kumar Pratihast Marie Saint‐Arnaud Colin Scott Murray M. Humphries 《Conservation biology》2016,30(6):1277-1287
Many argue that monitoring conducted exclusively by scientists is insufficient to address ongoing environmental challenges. One solution entails the use of mobile digital devices in participatory monitoring (PM) programs. But how digital data entry affects programs with varying levels of stakeholder participation, from nonscientists collecting field data to nonscientists administering every step of a monitoring program, remains unclear. We reviewed the successes, in terms of management interventions and sustainability, of 107 monitoring programs described in the literature (hereafter programs) and compared these with case studies from our PM experiences in Australia, Canada, Ethiopia, Ghana, Greenland, and Vietnam (hereafter cases). Our literature review showed that participatory programs were less likely to use digital devices, and 2 of our 3 more participatory cases were also slow to adopt digital data entry. Programs that were participatory and used digital devices were more likely to report management actions, which was consistent with cases in Ethiopia, Greenland, and Australia. Programs engaging volunteers were more frequently reported as ongoing, but those involving digital data entry were less often sustained when data collectors were volunteers. For the Vietnamese and Canadian cases, sustainability was undermined by a mismatch in stakeholder objectives. In the Ghanaian case, complex field protocols diminished monitoring sustainability. Innovative technologies attract interest, but the foundation of effective participatory adaptive monitoring depends more on collaboratively defined questions, objectives, conceptual models, and monitoring approaches. When this foundation is built through effective partnerships, digital data entry can enable the collection of more data of higher quality. Without this foundation, or when implemented ineffectively or unnecessarily, digital data entry can be an additional expense that distracts from core monitoring objectives and undermines project sustainability. The appropriate role of digital data entry in PM likely depends more on the context in which it is used and less on the technology itself. 相似文献
6.
Kaushik Lav Kumar Mahalingam Arun Kumar Palanisamy Muthukumar 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(10):12168-12177
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this paper, the combustion characteristics of biogas in a Porous Radiant Burner (PRBBG) designed for domestic cooking appliances are presented.... 相似文献
7.
The main objective of this paper is to examine pollution threat, especially to the groundwater resources, around Tarapur industrial
area (also called the Tarapur MIDC area) located on the Arabian Sea Coast in Thane District of Maharashtra State, India and
suggest remedial measures that may also be relevant to other industrial areas on the Indian Sea Coast. One hundred and thirty
one samples were collected from various sources, such as dugwells, borewells, dug-cum-borewells, effluent sumps, drainage
channels (effluent channels), creeks and ocean, for chemical analyses. These analyses show that the area in general is characterized
by hard water and high salinity hazard, possibly due to its proximity and hydraulic connection with the sea. Although the
potability of groundwater is questionable in certain pockets, it is good enough for irrigation purposes at present. Low pH
value and high heavy metal contents in the adjoining Muramba creek water is a matter of great concern and may be attributed
to the indiscriminate disposal of industrial effluents to the drainage channels connecting the creek. Muramba Creek is well
connected with the Arabian Sea, and there are evidences of seawater intrusion around this creek. Because of the fact that
Muramba Creek is highly polluted, and is hydraulically connected with the dugwells and borewells surrounding the creek, it
cannot be ruled out that the groundwater around this creek is susceptible to contamination. Unless measures are not taken
immediately to stop the indiscriminate disposal of the solid wastes and liquid effluents in open ground and drainage channels,
and measures are not taken to maintain the appropriate pH values at the effluent treatment facilities before their disposal,
the problem would indeed be formidable one day, and it will be too late then for the authorities to take care of the resulting
maladies. Few suggestions have been given for controlling and managing the industrial pollution around the Tarapur MIDC area.
These suggestions are relevant to other industrial areas situated on the 7,000 km long Indian Sea Coast. 相似文献
8.
Birinchi Bora Arun Kumar O. S. Sastry Renu Dahiya Manander Bangar Takumi Takashima 《International Journal of Green Energy》2016,13(6):580-584
The effect of air mass (AM) on the performance of multi-crystalline silicon (m-Si), amorphous silicon (a-Si), and hetero-junction with intrinsic thin layer (HIT)-technology-based photovoltaic (PV) modules are evaluated for representative day of four seasons during the year 2011 for composite climate of India. To find the best performing PV module technology with respect to AM at the site, annual energy yields and performance ratio against different AM bands (AM 1–4.5) are plotted. It is found that HIT modules perform better than m-Si and a-Si at each AM band. Annual energy yields for all three technologies decrease with increasing order of AM bands. The performance ratio for HIT and m-SI modules initially increases and then decreases with increasing order of AM bands. However, for a-Si modules, the performance ratio decreases with increasing order of the AM bands. 相似文献
9.
Monitoring of ambient PM10 (particulate matter which passes through a size selective impactor inlet with a 50% efficiency cut-off at 10 μm aerodynamic diameter) has been done at residential (Kasba) and industrial (Cossipore) sites of an urban region of Kolkata during November 2003 to November 2004. These sites were selected depending on the dominant anthropogenic activities. Metal constituents of atmospheric PM10 deposited on glass fibre filter paper were estimated using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer (ICP-AES). Chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe) are the seven toxic trace metals quantified from the measured PM10 concentrations. The 24 h average concentrations of Cr, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Mn and Fe from ninety PM10 particulate samples of Kolkata were found to be 6.9, 506.1, 79.1, 3.3, 7.4, 2.4 and 103.6 ng/m3, respectively. The 24 h average PM10 concentration exceeded national ambient air quality standard (NAAQS) as specified by central pollution control board, India at both residential (Kasba) and industrial (Cossipore) areas with mean concentration of 140.1 and 196.6 μg/m3, respectively. A simultaneous meteorology study was performed to assess the influence of air masses by wind speed, wind direction, rainfall, relative humidity and temperature. The measured toxic trace metals generally showed inverse relationship with wind speed, relative humidity and temperature. Factor analysis, a receptor modeling technique has been used for identification of the possible sources contributing to the PM10. Varimax rotated factor analysis identified four possible sources of measured trace metals comprising solid waste dumping, vehicular traffic with the influence of road dust, road dust and soil dust at residential site (Kasba), while vehicular traffic with the influence of soil dust, road dust, galvanizing and electroplating industry, and tanning industry at industrial site (Cossipore). 相似文献
10.
A. Vignesh Arun. S. Siddarth B. Ramesh Babu 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2017,19(1):155-162
This contribution reports a novel and cost efficient strategy for nickel ion removal from metal finishing effluents by electro-dissolution of scrap aluminium and iron sacrificial anodes. Electro-coagulation of effluent was carried out at 30 mA/cm2 current density for 60 min. The nickel ion concentration of electroplating effluent was analysed by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. SEM images of iron and aluminium scrap anodes were critically analysed. Parameters such as heavy metal removal, anode dissolution rate with respect to heavy metal removal, reaction kinetics and cost estimation have been elaborately studied. Electro-coagulation at 30 mA/cm2 for 60 min using iron and aluminium scrap anodes resulted in 95.9 and 94.1 % nickel ion reduction, respectively, with 0.0094 and 0.0053 g/ppm dissolution rates. The energy consumption for scrap aluminium and iron anodes was 0.0547 kWh/L. Loose internal bonding and spongy surface morphology of used metal scrap render high porosity and active surface area, enhancing reaction rate. Low cost and ready availability of waste scrap makes the process of electro-coagulation economically viable. Thus, the findings from this contribution point decisively at the superiority of waste metal scrap-based anodes for economic and environmentally sustainable heavy metal ion removal from metal finishing effluent. 相似文献