哈尔滨市交通噪声监测与评价

本文结合哈尔滨市历年交通噪声的状况及变化趋势,探讨了其近几年交通噪声的状况,并对部分路段进行了实际监测.根据调查结果和实际监测结论,本文综合系统地分析了哈尔滨市交通噪声强度和主要影响因素的发展变化趋势,对哈尔滨市交通噪声进行了初步评价,提出了全市交通噪声控制对策.     

利用神经网络及数值模拟获取变压边力控制曲线

在应用Dynaform、Autoform等板料数值模拟软件的过程中 ,通常需要对压边力施力曲线进行各种预先的设定 ,但如何选定施力模式一直是一个比较棘手的问题 ,在文中利用数值模拟及MATLAB中的神经网络工具箱得出了压边力的最优控制曲线     

环境中二噁(口英)及其检测技术进展

从二(?)(?)类化合物的结构、来源、毒性等简要说明对其监测的必要性,且从仪器监测(包括气相色谱、气质联用、串联质谱等)和生物监测(包括利用指示生物、生物标志物等)概述了80年代以来国内外对二(?)(?)类物质尤其是几种极毒性化合物如多氯代二苯二(?)(?)(PCDDs)和多氯代二苯呋喃(PCDFs)等化合物的检测技术成果。     

基于ARCGIS的安徽省地震应急快速反应系统

地震给人类带来了严重的灾害,建立地震应急快速反应系统能够使人们快速响应地震,快速组织有效的救援行动.本文介绍了利用GIS技术计算地震的影响范围,对地震造成的灾害进行评估,同时给出相应的救援建议.     

我国湖泊富营养化问题及防治对策

富营养化是我国湖泊的主要问题,它不但制约了湖泊资源的可利用性,而且直接影响到人类的健康生存与社会经济的持续发展.分析了我国湖泊富营养化的现状、危害、产生的原因,提出了防治对策.     

Cadmium solubility and sorption in a long-term sludge-amended arable soil

Cadmium solubility and sorption in an arable clay loam soil that had received sewage sludge for 41 years were compared to an unsludged control in batch studies. Soil pH dominated Cd sorption, explaining >92% of the variation in Kd values in both treatments. At any pH, Cd sorption was apparently slightly but significantly (p < 0.05) smaller in the sludge-amended soil compared to the control, even though the organic carbon content was 70% larger and the ammonium oxalate-extractable iron content was roughly doubled. Correction for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) complexation with the speciation model WHAM reduced the difference in sorption between treatments, but the sludged soil still had significantly smaller Kd values (p < 0.01). Batch equilibrations without addition of Cd showed that there was no significant difference in the solubility of "native" cadmium (defined as EDTA-extractable Cd) in sludged and control soils. The reason for the lack of increase in Cd sorption in the sludge-amended soil has not been established, but it may be due to competition for sorption sites on humic compounds with sludge-derived Fe and trace metals such as zinc. The fact that the pyrophosphate-extractable (i.e., organically associated) iron content was seven times larger in the sludged soil provides some supporting evidence for this hypothesis.     

重庆市主城区春夏季不同粒径颗粒物污染特征分析

采用多通道采样器,采集重庆市主城区PM1.0、PM2.5和PM103种粒径的颗粒物样品,结果显示采样期间PM1.0、PM2.5和PM10日浓度均值分别为0.057 mg/m3、0.075 mg/m3和0.120 mg/m3,主城区颗粒物污染较为严重。对3种粒径颗粒物样品中的碳组分、水溶性组分以及无机污染元素组分进行分析...     

长期定位施肥对土壤生理转化菌群的影响

针对哈尔滨黑土28 a长期定位施肥现状进行土壤生理转化菌群测试分析,采用稀释平板法和MPN法测定不同施肥处理土壤的微生物各生理群的数量.结果表明:施肥处理的土壤微生物多样性指数最高,微生物种类多,群落结构较复杂,同不施肥处理之间的土壤微生物群落结构组成存在显著差异.     

TiO2@palygorskite composite for the efficient remediation of oil spills via a dispersion-photodegradation synergy

• A novel and multi-functional clay-based oil spill remediation system was constructed. • TiO₂@PAL functions as a particulate dispersant to break oil slick into tiny droplets. • Effective dispersion leads to the direct contact of TiO₂ with oil pollutes directly. • TiO₂ loaded on PAL exhibits efficient photodegradation for oil pollutants. • TiO₂@PAL shows a typical dispersion-photocatalysis synergistic remediation. Removing spilled oil from the water surface is critically important given that oil spill accidents are a common occurrence. In this study, TiO₂@Palygorskite composite prepared by a simple coprecipitation method was used for oil spill remediation via a dispersion-photodegradation synergy. Diesel could be efficiently dispersed into small oil droplets by TiO₂@Palygorskite. These dispersed droplets had an average diameter of 20–30 mm and exhibited good time stability. The tight adsorption of TiO₂@Palygorskite on the surface of the droplets was observed in fluorescence and SEM images. As a particulate dispersant, the direct contact of TiO₂@Palygorskite with oil pollutants effectively enhanced the photodegradation efficiency of TiO₂ for oil. During the photodegradation process, •O₂⁻and •OH were detected by ESR and radical trapping experiments. The photodegradation efficiency of diesel by TiO₂@Palygorskite was enhanced by about 5 times compared with pure TiO₂ under simulated sunlight irradiation. The establishment of this new dispersion-photodegradation synergistic remediation system provides a new direction for the development of marine oil spill remediation.     

城市生活垃圾生命周期管理

生命周期评价是一种全面的环境管理工具,具有潜在的发展前景。０它通过对产品,产品系统,工艺活动整个生命周期的环境影响环境改善的机会进行评价。根据国际环境毒理与化学学会１９９３年和ＩＳＯ１４０００环境管理体系中关于生命周期评价的技术框架,本文应生命周期评价在城市生产垃圾管理系统中的作用及管理系统的清单分析,影响评价和改善评价进行研究。