型煤力学性质的影响因素实验研究

为了确定型煤最佳配比参数,为煤相似模拟材料实验提供一定的理论指导与借鉴,论文通过单轴压缩实验,探究不同煤粉粒径比例、腐植酸钠胶结剂掺入量、成型压力和保压时间4种因素相互作用下对型煤力学参数作用规律。依据抗压强度、弹性模量和泊松比3个力学参数变化情况,确定了各因素对型煤力学参数的影响规律。实验结果表明:在各因素相互作用下,一定范围内,型煤的抗压强度受成型压力与粒径比例的影响较大,弹性模量受腐成型压力的影响较为明显,泊松比受粒径比例、腐植酸钠掺入量和成型压力的共同影响。     

对邯郸市水资源短缺问题的思考与建议

分析水资源利用方面存在的问题及原因，从而提出加强水资源保护，实现可持续利用的措施。     

略论生态资本

本文论述生态资本及生态基本属性，探讨生态资本经营的基本规律，并从企业，政策和社会三个方层面讨论经营生态资本应解决的问题。     

保护环境也是发展生产力

生产力的运动过程,首先是人和自然环境之间相互影响的过程,是由人的活动引起的人与自然之间、自然与自然之间的物质变换和能量转化的过程。自然生产力和社会生产力在这个过程中得以结合。这两者的结合是通过社会组织系统     

洞庭湖近30年水环境演变态势及影响因素研究

水量、泥沙和污染物交换作为河流与湖泊之间的关键过程,对湖泊生态环境演变具有复杂而深远的影响.以长江中游典型通江湖泊洞庭湖为研究对象,着眼于“江湖”“河湖”“人湖”三重作用关系变化,从水文情势、水质、富营养化3个层面剖析了近30年洞庭湖水环境演变态势及主控因素.结果表明:①“江湖”关系变化影响了洞庭湖水沙交换及其年内分配,是湖泊枯水期提前和延长、水沙关系突变等现象的主控因素;“河湖”“人湖”关系变化协同加剧了该现象.②“河湖”关系的失衡和“河湖”统筹管理措施缺位,造成入湖河流长期输送大量营养物质,是湖体氮磷污染较重的根源;“江湖”“人湖”关系变化协同影响着营养盐分布格局,但影响范围及程度有限.③在“江湖”“河湖”作用关系复合影响下,藻类生长条件更为有利,增加了洞庭湖富营养化及水华风险.为保障洞庭湖水环境安全,建议:针对“江湖”作用主导的低枯水位问题,以水资源调控为核心,推进长江与流域上游水库联合生态调度,保障湖泊生态流量;针对“河湖”作用主导的水质恶化问题,以水污染防治为核心,强化流域污染控制,统筹“河湖”一体化监测管理模式,保障湖泊水环境质量;对于“人湖”作用主导的生态破坏问题,以生态空间管控为核心,划定并坚守生态红线,保障生态空间.      

Effects of elevated CO2 concentration on the polyamine levels of field-grown soybean at three O3 regimes

Effects of increased ozone (O3) and carbon dioxide (CO2) on polyamine levels were determined in soybean (Glycine max L. Merr. cv. Clark) grown in open-top field chambers. The chamber treatments consisted of three O3 regimes equal to charcoal filtered (CF), non-filtered (NF), and non-filtered plus 40 nl litre(-1) O3 and CO2 treatments equal to 350, 400 and 500 microl litre(-1) for a total of nine treatments. Leaf samples were taken at three different times during the growing season. Examination of growth and physiological characteristics, such as photosynthesis, stomatal resistance, and shoot weight, revealed that increasing CO2 ameliorated the deleterious effects of increased O3. Results from the initial harvest, at the pre-flowering growth stage (23 days of treatment), showed that increasing O3 at ambient CO2 caused increases in putrescine (Put) and spermidine (Spd) of up to six-fold. These effects were lessened with increased CO2. Elevated CO2 increased polyamines in plants treated with CF air, but had no effect in the presence of ambient or enhanced O3 levels. Leaves harvested during peak flowering (37 days of treatment) showed O3-induced increases in Put and Spd at ambient CO2 concentrations. However, increased CO2 levels inhibited this response by blocking the O3-induced polyamine increase. Leaves harvested during the pod fill stage (57 days of treatment) showed no significant O3 or CO2 effects on polyamine levels. Our results demonstrate that current ambient O3 levels induce the accumulation of Put and Spd early in the growing season and that further increases in O3 could result in even greater polyamine increases. These results are consistent with a possible antiozonant function for polyamines. The ability of increased CO2 to protect soybeans from O3 damage, however, does not appear to involve polyamine accumulation.     

在离子色谱法中用碳^18小柱预处理有机污染水样

在离子色谱法中用碳~(１８)小柱预处理有机污染水样薛光璞，牛星梅(南京市环境监测中心站２１００１３)离子色谱法测定无机阴离子快速、准确、特异性好，在环境监测中得到广泛应用。但河流、湖泊受到有机化工废水污染后，地表水中含的有机污染物对该方法的测定干扰很大，...     

24 h diffusive sampling of toxic VOCs in air onto Carbopack X solid adsorbent followed by thermal desorption/GC/MS analysis-laboratory studies

Diffusive sampling of a mixture of 42 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in humidified, purified air onto the solid adsorbent Carbopack X was evaluated under controlled laboratory conditions. The evaluation included variations in sample air temperature, relative humidity and ozone concentration. Linearity of samples with loading was examined both for a constant concentration with time varied up to 24 h and for different concentrations over 24 h. Reverse diffusion and its increase with accumulation of sample were determined for all compounds. Tubes were examined for blank levels, change of blanks with storage time, and variability of blanks. Method detection limits were determined based on seven replicate samples. Based on this evaluation, 27 VOCs were selected for quantitative monitoring in the concentration range from approximately 0.1 to 4 ppbv. Comparison results of active and diffusive samples taken over 24 h and under the same simulated ambient conditions at a constant 2 ppbv were interpreted to estimate the effective diffusive sampling rates (ml min(-1)) and their uncertainties and to calculate the corresponding diffusive uptake rates (ng ppmv(-1) min(-1)).     

作物秸秆开发利用的途径

本文介绍了甘肃作物秸行资源利用存在的问题，阐述了秸秆的利用途径和开发价值。