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Adverse effects in wild fish living downstream from pharmaceutical manufacture discharges 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sanchez W Sremski W Piccini B Palluel O Maillot-Maréchal E Betoulle S Jaffal A Aït-Aïssa S Brion F Thybaud E Hinfray N Porcher JM 《Environment international》2011,37(8):1342-1348
A set of biochemical and histological responses was measured in wild gudgeon collected upstream and downstream of urban and pharmaceutical manufacture effluents. These individual end-points were associated to fish assemblage characterisation. Responses of biotransformation enzymes, neurotoxicity and endocrine disruption biomarkers revealed contamination of investigated stream by a mixture of pollutants. Fish from sampled sites downstream of the industrial effluent exhibited also strong signs of endocrine disruption including vitellogenin induction, intersex and male-biased sex-ratio. These individual effects were associated to a decrease of density and a lack of sensitive fish species. This evidence supports the hypothesis that pharmaceutical compounds discharged in stream are involved in recorded endocrine disruption effects and fish population disturbances and threaten disappearance of resident fish species. Overall, this study gives argument for the utilisation of an effect-based monitoring approach to assess impacts of pharmaceutical manufacture discharges on wild fish populations. 相似文献
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Emmanuelle Caron Annemieke Farenhorst Xiying Hao Claudia Sheedy 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(6):495-504
Livestock manure applied to agricultural land is one of the ways natural steroid estrogens enter soils. To examine the impact of long-term solid beef cattle (Bos Taurus) manure on soil properties and 17β-estradiol sorption and mineralization, this study utilized a soil that had received beef cattle manure over 35 years. The 17β-estradiol was strongly sorbed and sorption significantly increased (P < 0.05) with increasing soil organic carbon content (SOC) and with an increasing annual rate of beef cattle manure. The 17β-estradiol mineralization half-life was significantly negatively correlated, and the total amount of 17β-estradiol mineralized at 90 days (MAX) was significantly positively correlated with 17β-estradiol sorption. The long-term rate of manure application had no significant effect on MAX, but the addition of fresh beef cattle manure in the laboratory resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) smaller MAX values. None of the treatments showed MAX values exceeding one-third of the 17β-estradiol applied. 相似文献
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Defining patch mosaic functional types to predict invasion patterns in a forest landscape. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Olivier Chabrerie Frédéric Roulier Hélène Hoeblich Emmanuelle Sebert-Cuvillier Déborah Closset-Kopp Isabelle Leblanc Jér?me Jaminon Guillaume Decocq 《Ecological applications》2007,17(2):464-481
Alien plant invasions contribute significantly to global changes by often affecting biodiversity and ecosystem processes. Operational methods for identifying landscape attributes that promote or constrain plant invasions are urgently needed to predict their future spread and manage them efficiently. We combined landscape and functional ecology concepts to define patch mosaic functional types (PMFTs) as groups of cells showing the same response to a plant invasion in a heterogeneous forest landscape. The invasion of a European temperate forest by the American black cherry (Prunus serotina) has been chosen as a case study. A set of variables was collected, mapped using a Geographic Information System, and analyzed with multivariate analyses to correlate landscape traits with Prunus serotina abundance in each cell of a grid overlaid on the forest. A risk index was derived and mapped for three invasion levels: seedling colonization, tree establishment, and ecosystem invasion. Five PMFTs were identified and characterized by a set of traits related to soil properties, land use, disturbance, and invasion history. Scots pine plantations on podzols were the most invasible, while cells dominated by hydromorphic or calcareous soils were the most resistant. Most colonized patch mosaics provided suitable conditions for future establishment and invasion. Being strongly spatially connected, suitable patches provide corridors for Prunus serotina to colonize new parts of the forest. Conversely, the most resistant PMFTs were spatially agglomerated in the south of the forest and could act as a barrier. Colonization, establishment, and invasion risk maps were finally obtained by combining partial risks associated with each landscape trait at the cell scale. Within a heterogeneous landscape, we defined and organized PMFTs into a hierarchy, according to their associated risk for colonization, establishment, or invasion by a given invasive species. Each hierarchical level should be associated with a management strategy aiming at reducing one or more partial risk. Monitoring safe areas, extending cutting rotations, harvesting recently colonized stands tree by tree, promoting a multilayered understory vegetation, cutting down reproducing alien trees, favoring shade-tolerant, fast-growing, native tree species, removing alien trees at the leading edge, and proposing soil enrichment or irrigation in heavily invaded areas are recommended. 相似文献
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Julie Marmet Beno?t Pisanu Jean-Louis Chapuis Gwena?l Jacob Emmanuelle Baudry 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2012,66(11):1449-1457
While sexual selection in mammals with female defense systems has historically received considerable attention, much less is known about the factors affecting reproductive success in mammalian species with scramble competition mating systems. Using mark–recapture techniques and DNA microsatellite loci to assign parentage, we examined the mating system and factors affecting the variation of the annual reproductive success in an introduced population of the Siberian chipmunk, Tamias sibiricus, a small, monomorphic, solitary squirrel. Our analyses showed that breeding females were spatially dispersed, setting the stage for a scramble competition mating system. Male reproductive success was positively associated with the size of the home range. The strength of sexual selection on this behavioral trait was very strong, equaling previous estimates for morphological traits in female defense mating systems. These findings suggest that a behavioral trait, space use, strongly influences the annual reproductive success in males, which is consistent with expectations in a scramble competition mating system. In both sexes, reproductive success was influenced by habitat, with twice as many juveniles produced in semi-open than in closed habitat, possibly due to differences in food availability between the two habitats. 相似文献
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Bonneris E Perceval O Masson S Hare L Campbell PG 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2005,135(2):195-208
We studied organ and sub-cellular distributions of several trace metals in a freshwater bivalve that has been proposed for use as a metal biomonitor. Specimens of Pyganodon grandis were collected from nine lakes located along a Cd, Cu and Zn concentration gradient (Rouyn-Noranda area, Quebec). Gills and digestive gland were isolated, homogenized and six sub-cellular fractions were separated by differential centrifugation and analysed for their Cd, Cu and Zn content. Metallothionein was quantified independently. Gill tissues contained abundant calcium concretions that accounted for over 60% of the total gill burden of each metal. Cadmium and Zn concentrations in this granule fraction reflected ambient metal concentrations. Metal concentrations in the digestive gland also responded to the metal contamination gradient, but to a lesser extent than the gills, reflecting the lower abundance of granules in the digestive gland. Metals (Cd, Cu) in this organ were present largely in the "heat-stable proteins" fraction, and metal concentrations in this fraction were strongly correlated with those of both metallothionein and, to a lesser extent, the "lysosomes+microsomes" and "mitochondria" fractions. In both organs, Cd concentrations in the "heat-denaturable protein" fraction remained low and constant, suggesting reasonably effective metal detoxification. Some evidence for oxidative stress was noted in the gills but not in the digestive gland. Overall, we conclude that in nature metals in P. grandis are bound differently in the gills and in the digestive gland and that metal detoxification in the former organ may be less effective than in the latter. 相似文献
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Christophe Giraud Romain Julliard Emmanuelle Porcher 《Environmental and Ecological Statistics》2013,20(3):337-352
We propose to investigate spatial synchrony in population dynamics from monitoring data. We develop a statistical procedure to delineate populations of sites with synchronous dynamics from short time series. The procedure relies on a new norm, the synchronous total variation norm, which promotes synchrony in the estimation of the sites dynamics. The method is tested on some synthetic data sets and is applied on data from the French breeding bird monitoring program. 相似文献
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Kamran Moradkhani Laurence Cuisset Pierre Boisseau Olivier Pichon Marine Lebrun Houda Hamdi-Rozé Marie-Laure Maurin Nicolas Gruchy Marie-Christine Manca-Pellissier Perrine Malzac Frédéric Bilan Marie-Pierre Audrezet Pascale Saugier-Veber Anne-Laure Fauret-Amsellem Chantal Missirian Paul Kuentz Gregory Egea Agnès Guichet Isabelle Creveaux Caroline Janel Ines Harzallah Renaud Touraine Carole Goumy Nicole Joyé Jacques Puechberty Emmanuelle Haquet Sandra Chantot-Bastaraud Sébastien Schmitt Philippe Gosset Bénédicte Duban-Bedu Bruno Delobel Philippe Vago François Vialard Denise Molina Gomes Jean-Pierre Siffroi Jean-Paul Bonnefont Jean-Michel Dupont Philippe Jonveaux Martine Doco-Fenzy Damien Sanlaville Cédric Le Caignec 《黑龙江环境通报》2019,39(11):986-992