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Hosein Kamani Mohammad Hoseini Mahdi Seyedsalehi Yousef Mahdavi Jalil Jaafari Gholam Hosein Safari 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(12):7319-7328
Particulate matter is an important air pollutant, especially in closed environments like underground subway stations. In this study, a total of 13 elements were determined from PM10 and PM2.5 samples collected at two subway stations (Imam Khomeini and Sadeghiye) in Tehran’s subway system. Sampling was conducted in April to August 2011 to measure PM concentrations in platform and adjacent outdoor air of the stations. In the Imam Khomeini station, the average concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 were 94.4?±?26.3 and 52.3?±?16.5 μg m?3 in the platform and 81.8?±?22.2 and 35?±?17.6 μg m?3 in the outdoor air, respectively. In the Sadeghiye station, mean concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 were 87.6?±?23 and 41.3?±?20.4 μg m?3 in the platform and 73.9?±?17.3 and 30?±?15 μg m?3, in the outdoor air, respectively. The relative contribution of elemental components in each particle fraction were accounted for 43 % (PM10) and 47.7 % (PM2.5) in platform of Imam Khomeini station and 15.9 % (PM10) and 18.5 % (PM2.5) in the outdoor air of this station. Also, at the Sadeghiye station, each fraction accounted for 31.6 % (PM10) and 39.8 % (PM2.5) in platform and was 11.7 % (PM10) and 14.3 % (PM2.5) in the outdoor. At the Imam Khomeini station, Fe was the predominant element to represent 32.4 and 36 % of the total mass of PM10 and PM2.5 in the platform and 11.5 and 13.3 % in the outdoor, respectively. At the Sadeghiye station, this element represented 22.7 and 29.8 % of total mass of PM10 and PM2.5 in the platform and 8.7 and 10.5 % in the outdoor air, respectively. Other major crustal elements were 5.8 % (PM10) and 5.3 % (PM2.5) in the Imam Khomeini station platform and 2.3 and 2.4 % in the outdoor air, respectively. The proportion of other minor elements was significantly lower, actually less than 7 % in total samples, and V was the minor concentration in total mass of PM10 and PM2.5 in both platform stations. 相似文献
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Ghavidel Akbar Naji Rad Sumayyah Alikhani Hosein Ali Sharari Meraj Ghanbari Alireza 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2018,20(2):1179-1187
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The bioleaching process comprises two mechanisms: direct action of the bacteria and indirect effect of low pH. In this work, the effect of bacteria... 相似文献
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In this work, a new procedure for the enrichment of the trace amount of Cu2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Pb2+, Fe2+, and Zn2+ ions based on the utilization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) modified with 2-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)-4,5-diphenyl imidazole as chelating agent prior to their determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry has been described. The influence of effective parameters including pH, amount of ligand and MWCNT, composition of eluent, and coexisting ions on recoveries of understudy metal ions was examined. At the optimum pH of 5.0, all metal ions were quantitatively sorbed onto the proposed solid phase and completely desorbed with 8?mL of 5.0?mol?L?1 HNO3. The detection limit of Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Fe2+, and Zn2+ ions was 1.7, 2.4, 2.3, 2.9, 2.8, and 1.4?µg?L?1, while the preconcentration factor was 63 for Cu2+ and 94 for the other metal ions and relative standard deviations between 1.8 less than 3.0%. The proposed procedure was applied for the analysis of various samples. 相似文献
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Nammam Ali Azadi Borhan Mansouri Lucia Spada Mohammad Hosein Sinkakarimi Younes Hamesadeghi 《Chemistry and Ecology》2018,34(9):884-900
Coastal areas of Iran are heavily affected by urbanisation, industrialisation, and maritime activities. One consequence of this environmental pressure is the contaminants accumulation, as heavy metals, into the marine ecosystem. In this review, the coastal areas in the north and south of the country were assessed for lead (Pb) contamination of, one of the most toxic metals found in the environment. All studies conducted during 2006–2016 with at least 10 specimens that reported the mean and standard deviation of Pb were considered in this review. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using the Q and I2 statistics. The Pb mean concentration overall studies was estimated to be 21.88?µg/g (95% CIs: 16.25–27.50). Random effect model showed no statistical difference in mean Pb concentration levels between south and north coasts. However, the variability in Pb mean concentrations within southern coasts was considerable and statistically significant. Moreover, the Pb concentrations in the northern coasts of Persian Gulf and Oman Sea, in south of Iran, decreased in the following order Hormozgan > Khuzestan > Sistan-VA-Balluchestan > Bushehr while in the southern coasts of Caspian Sea, in north of Iran, decreased in the order Guilan > Mazandaran > Golestan. 相似文献
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Solo-Gabriele HM Townsend TG Hahn DW Moskal TM Hosein N Jambeck J Jacobi G 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2004,24(4):413-424
Contamination of wood waste with chromated copper arsenate greatly limits recycling opportunities for the wood waste as a whole. Separation of CCA-treated wood from other wood types is one means by which such contamination can be removed. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate two detector technologies for sorting CCA-treated wood from other wood types. The detector technologies evaluated included X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) and laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The XRF detector system utilized in this study was capable of rapidly detecting the presence of CCA in painted wood, wet wood, heartwood, sapwood, and at portions of the wood containing knots. Furthermore, the XRF system was capable of distinguishing between CCA-treated wood and wood treated with alternative wood treatment preservatives, but was limited by the fact that it was not designed for on-line operation so tests were conducted in a batch mode on a conveyor. The analysis time used in this study (3 s) can be decreased significantly for an XRF system designed specifically for on-line operation. The LIBS system developed for this study was found to effectively identify CCA-treated wood for pieces ranging in thickness from 1 to 8 cm. High sorting efficiencies were noted when 10 laser shots were taken on a piece of wood. Furthermore, the LIBS system was found to be effective for identifying wood that has been coated with stains and paints in addition to identifying wood that has been CCA treated. The major drawback with the LIBS system developed in this study was the limited laser pulse energy. With an increase in laser pulse energy it is anticipated that the working focal length of the LIBS system can be increased to enable the monitoring of wood samples of more variable thicknesses. Limitations associated with analysis of very rotted pieces of wood and wet wood can also be overcome by using a higher pulse energy laser. Overall, both technologies show incredible promise for sorting CCA-treated wood from other wood types. The next recommended step would be to run an improved full-scale operation at one facility to document sorting efficiencies and fine-tune the improvements proposed in the current study. Such a study could potentially open-the-door for more widespread sorting of wood waste. 相似文献
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Hosein Ghaedi Payam Kalhor Ming Zhao Peter T. Clough Edward J. Anthony Paul S. Fennell 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(7):92
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F. Silverman L. D. Pengelly S. Mintz A. T. Kerigan H. R. Hosein P. Corey C. H. Goldsmith 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1982,2(1-2):233-245
Air pollution has been associated with adverse health effects. Difficulties in interpreting studies of health effects of exposure to air pollution arise in estimating exposure. Until recently, studies of effects of air pollution have relied on pollution exposure measurements obtained from fixed location air pollution stations monitoring outside air (to evaluate compliance with air quality standards, rather than to examine population exposure). However, recent evidence suggests that there are substantial differences between air pollution levels measured at such sites and levels to which people are actually exposed, i.e. personal exposure. The present study examines effects of ambient urban air pollution on persons suffering from asthma, healthy non-asthmatic subjects and school children (in 2 Canadian cities, Toronto and Hamilton). Air pollution exposure is being assessed by data obtained from: (1) conventional abatement oriented fixed location air pollution monitoring stations, (2) an extensive population oriented network, (3) inside and (4) outside structures (homes and schools) as well as (5) personal air pollution samplers. The data indicate variability in these different estimates of exposure which have implications on health effects assessment. 相似文献