全文获取类型
收费全文 | 470篇 |
免费 | 2篇 |
国内免费 | 18篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 9篇 |
废物处理 | 5篇 |
环保管理 | 29篇 |
综合类 | 165篇 |
基础理论 | 144篇 |
污染及防治 | 112篇 |
评价与监测 | 12篇 |
社会与环境 | 14篇 |
出版年
2017年 | 5篇 |
2016年 | 10篇 |
2015年 | 9篇 |
2014年 | 5篇 |
2013年 | 23篇 |
2012年 | 16篇 |
2011年 | 23篇 |
2010年 | 13篇 |
2009年 | 15篇 |
2008年 | 20篇 |
2007年 | 24篇 |
2006年 | 32篇 |
2005年 | 21篇 |
2004年 | 9篇 |
2003年 | 16篇 |
2002年 | 14篇 |
2001年 | 10篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 19篇 |
1998年 | 10篇 |
1997年 | 10篇 |
1996年 | 12篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 9篇 |
1993年 | 7篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1969年 | 3篇 |
1967年 | 2篇 |
1966年 | 7篇 |
1965年 | 4篇 |
1964年 | 8篇 |
1963年 | 7篇 |
1962年 | 2篇 |
1961年 | 5篇 |
1960年 | 6篇 |
1959年 | 3篇 |
1958年 | 3篇 |
1957年 | 6篇 |
1956年 | 3篇 |
1955年 | 5篇 |
1954年 | 4篇 |
1953年 | 7篇 |
1951年 | 2篇 |
1950年 | 2篇 |
1938年 | 2篇 |
1934年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有490条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
2.
Klaus Urich 《Die Naturwissenschaften》1954,41(19):457-457
3.
4.
2,2′-Dichlorodivinylarsine chloride (Lewisite II) react by room temperature quickly with alcohols in an equilibrium reaction to yield 2,2′-Dichlorodivinylarsine ether. The reactions are not quantitative. The methyl-, ethyl-and propylether are not stable. 相似文献
5.
Recent changes in flood preparedness of private households and businesses in Germany 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Heidi Kreibich Isabel Seifert Annegret H. Thieken Eric Lindquist Klaus Wagner Bruno Merz 《Regional Environmental Change》2011,11(1):59-71
Using the focusing event framework, a comprehensive analysis of private households’ and businesses’ preparedness was undertaken in the aftermath of the 2002 and 2006 flood events on the Elbe River in Germany. In August 2002, preparedness of households (n = 235) and businesses (n = 103) was low: 30% of the households and 54% of the businesses took no precautionary measures before the flood event. Many undertaken emergency measures were ineffective, since only 26% of all households knew how to react when the flood warning came, and only 9% of businesses had an emergency plan in place. Due to this extreme flood, double-loop learning occurred in many households and businesses, so that many did implement precautionary measures. The distribution of adopted precautionary measures for households fits well to Preisendörfer’s low-cost hypothesis, but does not apply for businesses. Only 10% of the households (n = 112), but still 29% of the businesses (n = 41) were unprepared before the flood in 2006. Significant improvement in flood preparedness activities is still necessary. Particularly for businesses, regulatory programs and programs encouraging proactive behaviour should be implemented. The focusing event framework proofed to be a useful tool for a differentiated analysis of the responses to and learning due to a disaster also in the commercial and private sector. 相似文献
6.
Klaus Peter Sauer Thomas Lubjuhn Jörn Sindern Harald Kullmann Joachim Kurtz Conny Epplen Jörg Thomas Epplen 《Die Naturwissenschaften》1998,85(5):219-228
Panorpa vulgaris has become a model insect for testing theories of sexual selection. This contribution summarizes that which has been learned
in recent years and presents new data that clearly show that the mating system of P. vulgaris is not simply a resource-defense polygyny, as has previously been thought. In P. vulgaris neither the pattern in food exploitation nor the ratio of variance in the lifetime reproductive success of the two sexes
is in accordance with that expected in resource defense polygynous mating systems. Lifetime mating duration is the most important
proximate determinant of male fitness. Males employing alternative mating tactics obtain copulations of varying duration in
relation to the following sequence: saliva secretion 1 food offering 1 no gift. The number of salivary masses which males
provide to females during their lifetime is significantly correlated with the lifetime condition index. The condition index
depends on the fighting prowess of males and their ability to find food items. Thus saliva secretion of Panorpa is considered a Zahavian handicap, which can serve as an honest quality indicator used by mating females. Our results confirm
four main predictions of the indicator model of the theory of sexual selection: (a) the indicator signals high ecological
quality of its bearer, (b) the indicator value increases with phenotypic quality, (c) the indicator value is positively correlated
with the genetic quality affecting offspring fitness in a natural selection context, and (d) the quality indicator is more
costly for low- than for high-quality individuals. The evolutionary consequences of the mating pattern and the sperm competition
mechanism in P. vulgaris are discussed in the context the way in which sexual selection creates and maintains sperm mixing and the evolution of a
promiscuous mating system. 相似文献
7.
Klaus Strobach 《Die Naturwissenschaften》1980,67(7):321-331
Alfred Wegener's most important work, the theory of continental drift, has a key position in the history of geophysics and has crucially advanced the discussion of this central problem of geodynamics amongst supporters and adversaries. The aim of this paper is to paint a portrait of Wegener's personality, of his stations of life, and of his interests and research work. The conceptions of the origin of continents and oceans prior to Wegener, and the further development of his ideas after his death on the ice cup of Greenland 50 years ago are discussed. 相似文献
8.
Rainer Haas Alfred Krippendorf Torsten C. Schmidt Klaus Steinbach Eberhard v. Löw 《Environmental Sciences Europe》1998,10(5):289-293
Arsenic containing chemical warfare agents (cwa) are persistent in the environment and continue to contaminte soil and ground water. In this paper the chemical rections of the cwa diphenylarsine chloride (CLARK I), phenylarsine dichloride (PFIFFIKUS), ethylarsine dichloride (DICK) and of chlorovinyl arsenic compounds (LEWISITE) are shown. The posibilities of the detection and determination of this cwa and their metabolites are presented. 相似文献
9.
Dirk Bunke Wolfgang Reuter Frank Ebinger Ismene Jäger Klaus Schneider 《Environmental Sciences Europe》2003,15(3):208-212
Background
Aim and Scope. Implementation of the European Union White Paper on chemicals policy shall provide more safety and more transparency in chemicals use. In the past, when assessing existing commercial substances there was often a lack of information in the fields of application of the chemicals and the exposures arising in those contexts. The White Paper therefore calls for ‘shared responsibility’. Processors and commercial users of substances are to be involved much more closely in the risk evaluation process than has hitherto been the case. They are to provide data on substance applications and exposures, and, to some extent, they are also to carry out exposure assessments and risk assessments themselves. By analysing case studies, the paper highlights the consequences of this approach.Results and Discussion
Fear has often been voiced that these new tasks will completely overburden small and medium-sized enterprises. It is assumed that many chemicals are no longer available for smallvolume applications, as — for cost reasons — producers do not include these applications in their registration. The wording of the White Paper is not precise enough to be able to appraise the costs that will be associated with the required intensified communication. In this situation, it is essential to analyse prototypical substances and their applications in order to gain an improved understanding of the principle of shared responsibility.Conclusions
The concrete study of several product chains has shown that the flow of information required between producers and users is very likely feasible within the context of the REACH system. For the producers of chemicals, the intensified communication will presumably make it simpler to procure information in the fields of application and exposures. However, in order to avoid users being overburdened, it will be important that registration requirements and focuses are shaped in a manner doing justice to practical realities. Users will need to undertake community-wide efforts on an industry federation and branch level. In this context, the protection of company know-how also needs to be ensured.Recommendation and Outlook
In practice, implementation of the principle of shared responsibility can lead to intensified communication among the producers and users of chemicals. This can greatly facilitate exposure assessments and risk assessments. There is a need to develop manageable procedures that can also be implemented by small and medium-sized enterprises. Numerous proposals have been made in this context, and extensive reference material is now available. 相似文献10.
Klaus Topfer 《生态毒理学报》2002,24(3):3
对于许多人来说 , 生态旅游是一个 " 术语 " . 它是一个经常被误用或误解的词 . 正如这期 < 产业与环境 > 特刊中一些文章的作者所指出的那样 , 对生态旅游的定义仍在发展变化 . 但是 , 生态旅游总的目标应该是为发展旅游业同时把其负面影响降到最小提供一个机遇 . 生态旅 游作为一种可持续旅游手段 , 可以在与当地居民分享经济利益的同时避免环境的恶化 . 相似文献