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In anoxic sediments, as those found in estuaries, the mobility of metals can be controlled by the formation of stable sulfide
complexes. The potential bioavailability of a metal can then be predicted on the basis of the acid volatile sulfide (AVS)
and simultaneously extracted metals (SEM) criterion. Distributions of AVS and SEM (Hg, Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, and Ni) along the sediment
profiles were determined seasonally for three rivers that constitute the Santos-Cubat?o estuarine system (SE Brazil), which
is located in one of the most industrialized areas of Latin America. AVS and SEM concentrations varied significantly, from
0.04 to 31.9 μmol g−1 and 0.086–6.659 μmol g−1, respectively. The highest AVS levels in sediments were detected in the winter, whereas high SEM values predominated in the
summer. Considering SEM–AVS molar differences as a parameter to evaluate potential bioavailability, sediments nearest to the
industrial area represent higher risk to biota, especially during the summer. It is due to relatively low AVS values and not
necessarily high concentrations of metals. 相似文献
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