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In Hydra vulgaris at the level of dissociated single cells endodermal cells adhere to each other more readily than to ectodermal cells at the
initial adhesion. The time required for adhesion to occur between two adjacent cells is shorter for both endodermal and ectodermal
homotypic cell adhesions once the initial adhesion of the first pair of cells has been established. It is confirmed that contact
of an aggregated pair with additional homotypic cells facilitates the occurrence of homotypic adhesions; heterotypic adhesions
are discouraged. This suggests that adhesion of homotypic cells contributes to an increased readiness for subsequent homotypic
cells to adhere.
Received: 25 August 1999 / Accepted in revised form: 11 January 2000 相似文献
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Jiro Moriguchi Takafumi Ezaki Teruomi Tsukahara Katsuya Furuki Yoshinari Fukui Satoru Okamoto 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(1):119-133
The present study was initiated to examine urinary α1-microglobulin (α1-MG-U) levels among non-smoking women in the general population in Japan. A previously established database on spot urine samples from adult woman volunteers in 10 non-polluted areas all over Japan was re-examined. The data examined were on α1-MG-U, cadmium, calcium, magnesium and zinc levels in urine (Cd-U, Ca-U, Mg-U and Zn-U, respectively), urinary creatinine (CR or cr), urine specific gravity (SG or sg), smoking habits and age. Thus, 8975 never-smoking women were selected for statistical analyses. The grand geometric mean (GM) for α1-MG-U among the population was 2.1?mg/L or 2.5?mg/g?cr, depending on the correction for urine density. It was 1.1?µg/L or 1.3?µg/g?cr for GM Cd-U. The inter-area difference in α1-MG-U was <1.5?mg/g?cr or <0.7?mg/L; the area with the highest or lowest GM Cd-U was not always highest or lowest in GM α1-MG-U. The correlation coefficient (0.53) between log?Cd-U and log?α1-MG-U (both without urine density correction) became substantially smaller when the analyte levels were corrected for CR (0.25) or SG (0.26). In multiple regression analysis, the power of influence of the five independent variables (log?Cd-U, Ca-U, Mg-U, Zn-U and age) in combination was small (R 2?≦?0.13). In contrast, logistic regression analysis suggested that α1-MG-U might be elevated as a function of an increase in Cd-U, depending on the cut-off values. Discussion was made on dose (Cd-Ucr) and response (α1-MG-Ucr) relationship based on information available in literatures to show that the increment in α1-MG-Ucr per Cd-Ucr was much greater when Cd-Ucr was large, e.g., in excess of 10?µg/g?cr. 相似文献
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The zoanthid genus Isaurus (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia) is known from both the Indo-Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, but phylogenetic studies examining Isaurus using molecular markers have not yet been conducted. Here, two genes of markers [mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit
I (COI) and mitochondrial 16S ribosomal DNA (mt 16S rDNA)] from Isaurus specimens collected from southern Japan (n = 19) and western Australia (n = 3) were sequenced in order to investigate the molecular phylogenetic position of Isaurus within the order Zoantharia and the family Zoanthidae. Additionally, obtained sequences and morphological data (polyp size,
mesentery numbers, mesogleal thickness) were utilized to examine Isaurus species diversity and morphological variation. By comparing our obtained sequences with the few previously acquired sequences
of genera Isaurus as well as with Zoanthus, Acrozoanthus (both family Zoanthidae), and Palythoa spp. (family Spenophidae) sequences, the phylogenetic position of Isaurus as sister to Zoanthus within the Family Zoanthidae was suggested. Based on genetic data, Isaurus is most closely related to the genus Zoanthus. Despite considerable morphological variation (in particular, polyp length, mesentery numbers, external coloration) between
collected Isaurus specimens, all specimens examined are apparently conspecific or very closely related based on molecular data and observed
morphological variation within colonies. Additionally, obtained internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA (ITS-rDNA) sequences
from symbiotic zooxanthellae (Symbiodinium spp.) from all Isaurus specimens were shown to be subclade C1-related Symbiodinium.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
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