电化学法烟气脱硫制取浓硫酸

利用电化学脱硫生产硫酸是一种自然资源再利用的新型大气环保技术 ,它通过电解I- /I2 体系生成I2 来吸收氧化烟气中的SO2 ,其脱硫率可达 95%～ 99% ,并生成 85%以上的高浓度硫酸和纯氢。以期获得废渣废液的零排放。     

云南宁洱6.4级地震灾区范围的快速判断

采用云南175个历史强震的等震线图、云南数字等震线模型和云南1：400万活动断裂资料,对常规正圆法灾区范围量化与数字等震线模型灾区范围量化得到的云南宁洱6．4级地震灾区范围进行了对比,分析了地震等震线长轴方向与活动断裂的关系。结果表明,灾害地震的灾区范围用等震线模型来量化比常规用正圆来量化更加符合地震的客观情况。     

Degradation of bisphenol A in aqueous solution by persulfate activated with ferrous ion

Degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) in aqueous solution was studied with high-efficiency sulfate radical (SO₄ ^?·), which was generated by the activation of persulfate (S₂O₈ ^2?) with ferrous ion (Fe²⁺). S₂O₈ ^2? was activated by Fe²⁺ to produce SO₄ ^?·, and iron powder (Fe⁰) was used as a slow-releasing source of dissolved Fe²⁺. The major oxidation products of BPA were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer. The mineralization efficiency of BPA was monitored by total organic carbon (TOC) analyzer. BPA removal efficiency was improved by the increase of initial S₂O₈ ^2? or Fe²⁺ concentrations and then decreased with excess Fe²⁺ concentration. The adding mode of Fe²⁺ had significant impact on BPA degradation and mineralization. BPA removal rates increased from 49 to 97 % with sequential addition of Fe²⁺, while complete degradation was observed with continuous diffusion of Fe²⁺, and the latter achieved higher TOC removal rate. When Fe⁰ was employed as a slow-releasing source of dissolved Fe²⁺, 100 % of BPA degradation efficiency was achieved, and the highest removal rate of TOC (85 %) was obtained within 2 h. In the Fe⁰–S₂O₈ ^2? system, Fe⁰ as the activator of S₂O₈ ^2? could offer sustainable oxidation for BPA, and higher TOC removal rate was achieved. It was proved that Fe⁰–S₂O₈ ^2? system has perspective for future works.     

Concentrations and inventories of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organochlorine pesticides in watershed soils in the Pearl River Delta,China

The concentration levels, source, and inventories of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in 55 surface vegetable soils in the watershed of the Pearl River Delta (PRD) were analyzed and compared with those of the surface sediments in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) and northern South China Sea (SCS). The 16 priority PAHs on US EPA list range from 58 to 3,077 microg/kg (average: 315 microg/kg). The concentrations of DDTs and HCHs range from 3.58 to 831 microg/kg (average: 82.1 microg/kg) and from 0.19 to 42.3 microg/kg (average: 4.42 microg/kg). The ratios of DDT/ (DDD+DDE) are higher than 2 in majority of the soil samples, suggesting that DDT contamination still exists. The PAH ratios suggest that the source of PAHs is petroleum, and combustion of fossil fuel, biomass, and coal. The average concentrations of PAHs and the linear regression slope between PAHs and TOC for the soils and the sediments are quite similar. It was estimated that the soil mass inventories at 0-20 cm depth are 1,292 metric tons for PAHs and 356 metric tons for OCPs in the studied region. The average PAHs inventory per unit area for the soil samples investigated in PRD is about 0.86 time that of surface sediments in the Pearl River Estuary, and about 2.43 times that of surface sediments in the northern South China Sea. PAHs in the soils in PRD have similar source to those of the surface sediments in PRE. All of those may suggest that PAHs in PRE and SCS are probably mainly inputted from the soils in PRD via soil erosion and river transport.     

厂内铁路、公路道口信号微机控制系统

介绍了铁路道口信号、公路交通信号并存出现矛盾时的一种解决方法及控制模式,就控制系统的组成、工作原理及特点作了论述,构成的系统具有一定的代表性。运行表明：解决了铁路道口信号与公路交通信号不兼容的问题,有效地保障了铁路道口区域过往车辆及行人的安全,取得了预期的效果。     

序言

<正>"环境计算化学与预测毒理学"是近年来在环境化学、环境毒理学、计算化学、计算生物学和分子生物学等学科之间形成的一个新兴的前沿研究领域,主要应用计算化学和大数据分析的方法开展化学品在环境介质中的转化行为、毒物在生物体内与大分子的相互作用机制以及毒性预测等方面的工作,已成为研究化学污染物的环境行为、毒理作用机制的重要手段,也是化学品生态风险评价与管理的必要工具,可为环境友好的     

微塑料对环境中有机污染物吸附解吸的研究进展

微塑料已成为新的全球性环境污染问题。作为强吸附剂,微塑料可以吸附共存的有机污染物,进而改变其环境行为和毒性;也可以通过解吸作用促进污染物在不同介质中的迁移。因而,微塑料与有机污染物的相互作用强度和机理是全面评估两者的环境风险和深度研究微塑料毒性机制的必要信息。目前微塑料研究处于快速发展的起始阶段,加之微塑料本身成分、粒径、表面风化情况的复杂性及共存有机污染物的多样性使两者的相互作用十分复杂,亟需理清微塑料吸附解吸作用的影响因素和相关机制。因而,本文详细综述了微塑料对有机污染物吸附解吸作用的研究进展,并着重从微塑料性质(成分、粒径和表面风化)、有机污染物性质和水环境介质性质方面探讨了吸附的影响因素和相互作用机制,希望为微塑料吸附有机污染物及吸附的后续影响研究提供借鉴与参考。     

Water quality of Lugu Lake: Changes,causes and measurements

Lugu lake is an alpine lake in Yunnan Province in western China. It is famous for its beautiful scenery and the special culture of Mosuo people in this area. The lake is becoming contaminated and eutrophicated because of the huge number of visitors and improvements in agriculture during the last decade. This paper uses the water quality index (WQI) as an indicator to describe trends in contamination of Lugu Lake from 1995 to 2004 and analyses several parameters to determine the causes and consequences of contamination. We found that the dominant cause was pollution from tourism and suggest some feasible measures to prevent further deterioration of the lake water quality.     

Spatial-econometric analysis of attraction and repulsion of private conservation by public reserves

It is difficult for public agencies to make optimal reserve-site selections without knowing how new public reserves might influence the configuration of private conservation. Private land trusts protect much land in the USA, but little is known about how private groups respond to conservation decisions made by other conservation agents. To fill that gap, we analyze township-level spatial data on conservation in California, Illinois, and Massachusetts to explore relationships between the location of private and public conservation land. Using linear spatial-econometric models and Bayesian spatial probit models, we find evidence that private-protected acres are clustered together in space. In California, it appears that private land conservation is attracted towards places where the government has reserves. In Illinois and Massachusetts, however, it appears that private conservation shifts away from townships with government reserves due to a mixture of spatial repulsion and simple acreage displacement.     

珠江三角洲一些菜地土壤中多环芳烃的含量及来源

为了探讨珠江三角洲中心区经济发达地带的多环芳烃污染水平,为有关部门制定相关的环保政策提供依据,分析了55个分别采自广州、东莞以及佛山郊区表层菜地中土壤样品的多环芳烃的含量.16种EPA(美国环保署)规定的优先控制多环芳烃含量为58～3077 μg·kg-1,均值为315 μg·kg-1,相对于土壤标准和世界其它地区的检测结果属于中等程度污染.分析结果表明,土壤中多环芳烃的含量同土壤总有机碳、碳黑存在着显著的线性关系.通过几个常用参数分析得知,广州、东莞及佛山的多环芳烃污染来源于石化污染以及化石燃料、生物质和煤炭的燃烧.据估算,广州、东莞及佛山0～20 cm表层土壤中多环芳烃类的储量为1292t.