Experimental study on static and dynamic mechanical properties of phosphogypsum

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Phosphogypsum (PG) is a solid waste product of the wet-process phosphoric acid industry that accumulates in large amounts on the ground, forming PG...     

浅埋隧道覆岩变形沉降的分布式光纤监测与分析

针对在浅埋隧道下穿既有设施的施工过程中上覆层变形难以实现分布式监测这一问题,基于脉冲预泵浦光时域分析(PPP-BOTDA)分布式光纤传感技术,以云南某浅埋隧道连续下穿二级公路和钢筋加工车间场地为例,提出分布式光纤的布设方案,对隧道上覆层沉降变形进行监测,分析上覆层的变形特征。结果表明:上覆层中光纤应变的时空演化过程与岩土体物理力学性质、掌子面推进过程、初衬支护作用以及水文地质条件有关;掌子面前方和后方上覆层分别处于拉应力和压应力控制区,掌子面的位置对应着拉—压应变过渡带。同时,将分布式光纤和地表水准仪沉降监测进行比较,两种方法测得沉降结果趋势一致,验证了分布式光纤在隧道施工过程中对上覆岩土体纵向沉降监测的可行性。分布式光纤监测由于能够获取覆岩的整体变形时空演化特征,具有较明显的优势。     

Study on the Effect of Dicumyl Peroxide on Structure and Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Natural Rubber Blend

In attempt to enhance the compatibility of NR in PLA matrix, and furthermore to enhance mechanical properties of PLA, PLA/NR blends with strong interaction were prepared in Haake internal mixer, using dicumyl peroxide (DCP) as cross-linker. The effects of dicumyl peroxide on morphology, thermal properties, mechanical properties and rheological properties of PLA and PLA/NR blends were studied. The results indicated that dicumyl peroxide could increase the compatibility of poly(lactic acid) and natural rubber. With small amount of dicumyl peroxide, the effect on NR toughening PLA was enhanced and the tensile toughness of PLA/NR blends was improved. When the DCP content was up to 0.2 wt%, the PLA/NR blend reached the maximum elongation at break (26.21 %) which was 2.5 times of that of neat PLA (the elongation at break of neat PLA was 10.7 %). Meanwhile, with introducing 2 wt% DCP into PLA/NR blend, the maximum Charpy impact strength (7.36 kJ/m²) could be achieved which was 1.8 times of that of neat PLA (4.18 kJ/m²). Moreover, adding adequate amount of DCP could improve the processing properties of blends: the viscosity of PLA/NR blend decreased significantly and the lowest viscosity of the blends could be achieved when the DCP content was 0.5 wt%.     

纤维素酶处理玉米秸秆对染料的吸附

采用纤维素酶处理玉米秸秆颗粒,考察了玉米秸秆颗粒粒径、纤维素酶溶液体积浓度和pH、酶解温度、酶解时间等条件对玉米秸秆颗粒吸附染料性能的影响.实验结果表明,当玉米秸秆颗粒粒径为0.55～0.83 mm、纤维素酶溶液加入量为0.9 mL/L、纤维素酶溶液pH为4.5±0.1、酶解温度为55℃、酶解时间为80 min时,经纤...     

Investigation on oxygen-controlled sewage sludge carbonization with low temperature: from thermal behavior to three-phase product properties

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A comprehensive study was conducted on the characteristics of oxygen-controlled carbonization process of sewage sludge (SS) using thermogravimetric...     

Plants emit sulfate-, phosphate- and metal-containing nanoparticles

Environmental Chemistry Letters - The presence of engineered and natural nanoparticles in the atmosphere is of concern for health and climate. Actually there are few studies on the release of...     

Highly efficient and selective removal of low-concentration antibiotics from aqueous solution by regenerable Mg(OH)2

The prevalent presence of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in aquatic environments has attracted considerable attention because of their harmful effects on humans and the ecological environment. Magnesium hydroxide nanocrystals were found to act as a simple and effective adsorbent to remove low-concentration ciprofloxacin (CIP) in aqueous solution. The as-prepared Mg(OH)₂ nanocrystals exhibited excellent CIP adsorption performance and high selectivity toward CIP molecules compared with other antibiotics or aromatics, e.g., norfloxacin (NOR) and eosin B (EB). The adsorbent showed pH-dependent adsorption, indicating that the adsorption process is probably dominated by an electrostatic interaction mechanism. In addition, structural analysis of the adsorbent indicated that coordination and hydrogen bonding between CIP and Mg(OH)₂ nanocrystal might also be involved in the adsorption process. Moreover, the adsorbent could be easily recovered by pyrolysis and hydration without significant reduction of adsorption capacity. The superior adsorption behavior of Mg(OH)₂ nanocrystal indicates that it may serve as a potential adsorbent material candidate for the selective removal of CIP from aquatic environments.     

聚结-气浮装置处理含油污水试验研究

为提升聚结分离器除油效果并减少污水处理过程中化学药剂的投放,结合聚结和气浮技术研发出紧凑、高效型聚结-气浮分离装置,通过室内试验,考察入口流量、板间距、溶气压力、气浮水回流比4个因素对聚结-气浮装置除油率的影响规律,并对其结构和工艺操作参数进行探索和优化。试验结果表明:聚结-气浮装置处理含油污水的油水分离效果明显好于聚结装置;聚结-气浮装置的除油率随入口流量、气浮水回流比的增加,均先增加后减小,并随溶气压力的增加而逐步提高,但当溶气压力为0.4MPa时继续加压,除油率变化不明显,且板间距越小,除油效果越好;综合除油效率和能耗,选用入口流量为0.3m3/h(折合板间流速为2.85m/h)、板间距为0.9cm、溶气压力为0.4MPa、气浮水回流比为20%时,聚结-气浮装置除油率可达92%,且对粒径大于18μm的油滴去除效果明显。